Its impossible to avoid them. For decades weve been surrounded by sweet and fatty food. And the body has not been dealing well with these eating apples. But what about the brain and. Do our Mental Health our moves and our brain abilities suffer from the wrong kind of nutrition. We know that john feed is making us fat that science is telling us now that it might also be shrinking out right. Brain researchers or join the dining table to study the effects of our eating habits dots a high in fat and sugar in a long term need to change isnt part of the brain floating in. This is a recent field of research on a bell and being science than spotlights a new facet of nutrition. A choice a prefers a violation of Sherlock Holmes and a reprogramming of the brain in short our brain is affected by whats on our plates. You know we started with our very 1st meals even before birth. The brain is built up during pregnancy. Powered functions later on depends on how it has been nourished by the expectant mothers dying at over 9 months. A number of consequences of poor nutrition during gestation no been known for a long time. Todays scientists in australia are looking at the repercussions of nutrition on brain function. Released jacka a professor at the university of melbourne examined the behavior of babies after following the eating habits of 23 columns and pregnant women. We mentioned their intake of drunken courses food squeamish if theyre in type of the Healthful Foods foods with lots of fiber and nutrients etc and then one looked at the Emotional Health all things children over the 1st few years of lost and icing months to 5 years of course taking into account things such as education income the mothers Mental Health parenting practices they sorts of things and what we saw very clearly was that mothers who are more junk and torsos food is so sweet drinks and so to see their son you know type space to during their pregnancy the children had removed these behaviors such a great shame and anger and tension. Just disquieting correlation and suggests that the mothers diet impacts the Mental Development of the baby so the link remains to be demonstrated on the biological level. In any case police junkie is convinced. So what we also saw in this logical wage in studies that the children start saying to be important as well independent of what mum if children were 18 too much junk and processed foods and or not enough of the healthful food they had more of these anger and aggressive top behaviors but also said this anxiety why are you not me. But since then professor jackers conclusion is have been confirmed by studies in spain the netherlands encountered an excess fountain sugar arent. In the sides of scientists working on the brain. Excesses and deficiencies junk food is often low on essential nutrients so it leaves the body and especially the nerve cells lacking. In this laboratory at the university of bordeaux scientists are studying the consequences of dietary deficiencies unmount sprains. This experiment is used to measure anxiety. The animal has the choice between exploring the lighted area or hiding in the shade. The normal mouse takes the time to examine the lighted area. But this animal was deprived of a mega 3 fatty acids during his development omega 3 these are called good friends due to their benefits to the heart and arteries instead of exploring the environment the mouse takes refuge in a dark corner it stretched anxious. The experiment has been reproduced many times on dozens of mice for researchers this strange behavior can be simply explained without omega 3 fatty acids the brain does not develop and function normally. Theyre needed because the brains grey matter is 90 percent fat which it cannot produce it sounds as what the brain is the organ after adipose tissue thats the richest in polyunsaturated fatty acid or in the good 3 wides so in a good 3 is indispensable because the body cannot make it we have to ingest it it has to come from the diet all men want as your. Coralie fish. Organ meat version real oils and seeds and not such as all mens have long been the main sources of our major 3 for humans but these foods have become scarce in the cuisine of industrialized countries. The amount of omega 3 that enters the brain is crucial for making brain cells more efficient because when these fatty acids are incorporated into the membranes of nerve cells they improve their Electrical Properties you know make it 3 rich neurons the signals propagate faster. The network is more efficient depriving the brain of omega 3 is linked to a risk that it will function less well. Ive looked at the source and the general population is deficient and im to get 3 we have insufficient intake of a nigga 3 so its important to Pay Attention to it especially in the prenatal developmental period during this period omega 3 embeds itself in must of quantities into the brain also in adolescence when theres often a change of food and during aging where the incorporation into the brain of a mega 3 tends to be less effective so we must increase its intake a wanted a closer look at. The 1st rule for a brain to run at full speed is avoid differences. For good nutrients and a very dark should be available what happens to neurons when meals are poor and above all always the same there is a problem that is now affecting the while living european hamster which thrived for a long time in the planes or francis us us which are. Safe and 1960 s. Theres been a decline in the hamster population which is on the verge of extinction today and at the same time weve noticed an increase in the agricultural area where corn is cultivated. Carlene are bored wondered whether the collapse of the population was linked to the sudden clucked of corn. So she did an experiment feeding hamsters exclusively corn. During breeding we have served behavioral disturbances in females which resulted in hyper aggression and hyper sensitivity as soon as there was noise in the room now we want to. Change clothes. And. Above all what we did not expect is that these females would devour their young the 1st day after birth this behave. It was observed in more than 80 percent of females. That dietary deficiency was enough to make a hamster devour its children because a simple vitamin. Think of vitamin b 3 deficiency is at the origin of the abnormal behavior when we supplemented them with vitamin b 3 in addition to their corn based diet they expressed quite normal behaviors and they began to nurse their young to raise them in the same way as the females that were fed a diversified diet since. The case of the cannibalistic hamsters is disturbing. Could an unbalanced diet also trigger aggressive violent behavior in humans. Up suburb is a clinical psychologist and political advisor to the Dutch Ministry of justice his specialty nutrition and crime. Hes convinced that enriching food with vitamins fatty acids and minerals can reduce aggression. Its a hypothesis that is difficult to test in normal life because so many factors and circumstances can influence our behavior and our impulses. You know order to study nutrition without the influence of the many parameters he chose prisms as a nearly ideal setting. It neednt have been and here in the netherlands we conducted a study of young prisoners in 8 different prisons who do all of the demand for 3 months we get them vitamins and minerals and fatty acid supplements and then we looked at the effect on their behavior. We measured it in 2 different ways of locked doors at the far end of the 1st we asked the detainees how aggressive they were and we asked the supervisors for their views on the issue incident also above all we looked at the incident log the number of times detainees were punished and we saw that solitary confinement had fallen dramatically. Slink off the wall but i have decided that. In the group of inmates whose meals were improved the number of incidents was reduced by one 3rd. Of. What we may have the power to change or move to stimulate certain impulses. But could the food on our plate also influence our decisions the ones we believe we make using our free will. As a venue and then mentioned when i pull or asked if they think that the food that they eat has an impact on health and most answered yes. But when asked if diet can also influenced thoughts and decisions very few people are willing to believe this is the case and this comes you feel a lot in it for us then. However at the institute of psychology of the university of liberty in germany professor so young parklands with the 1st time prove. That. Her work reveals the mechanism by which food could influence our thoughts and for that the researcher has developed a rather original experiment. Imagine that you face the following dilemma. The money on the table is to be divided into 2 sums but its your partner a stranger who decides how it is to be distributed. I give you to yours and i keep a for me. If you accept the unfair offer you leave with a little money but much less than your partners. If you refuse no one wins anything so what would you do. Do you accept the offer and take the 2 year olds even if you feel cheated or do you refuse and leave with empty pockets but your head held high. Well it turns out surprisingly that whether youll take the money or not depends on what youve just eaten. And his are stored as part of this study we follow 24 people who came into the laboratory twice to have 2 different breakfasts. For us via 1st then one we found that the same person made completely different decisions based on what the ate in the morning and then. To the test person the do breakfasts look the same in reality one is a far more protein rich than the other. The ratio of protein to sugar is the only parameter the changes. A few hours after the meal the subject takes several test on a computer. Today he accepts the offer his selfinterest outweighs his anger at the unfairness and he will leave with a little money in his pocket. Last week he mainly refused and one almost no. One fed the poor but the subject having consumed a high protein breakfast in the morning was tolerant of unfair offers tolo. Unfit us on get what feel like yet conversely the subject to consume the high carbohydrate breakfast habits was less tolerant in the face of unfair offers yet. On average the subjects who had little protein rejected unfair offers this wise is often. But how can the surprising result be explained in their search for biological evidence for this observation the scientists carried out blood tests and will send the blood to low bar chief analysis will measure the level of hormones and amino acids in the blood i mean the whole moans were interested in insulin cortisol adrenaline and adreno cortico tropic hormone and for amino acids trip to fun and tyras in total followed tools in. Of these substances the most important is tyrosine the amino acid is one Building Block of a protein that is key to brain function dopamine. This molecule ensures communication between neurons involved in motivation and risk taking. The results of the Blood Analysis show that subjects with higher levels of timers in their blood are more willing to accept the unfair offer. You know other words what we eat can within hours subtly alter the chemistry of the brain and thus the communication between the neurons. Enough to guide some of our decisions. Experiments are continuing in the back to confirm this result the implications are wide ranging. Remember there. That sense i eat 3 times a day every day is we realize that food has immense power that of modifying and shaping mankind norm and so its essential to think about how we can use food to promote our wellbeing and optimize our mental state. Or to oh its up to me and. Not only does an unbalanced diet affect our brain functions and behavior and our meal plan interfere with daily decisions it also becomes increasingly clear that diet plays a decisive role in our mood and possibly Mental Health. But what about junk food dripping with sugar and bad fats. And what would happen if we ate more of that heat. This is the focus of research here in australia at the university of sydney. Margaret morris runs a laboratory where rats are fed the kind of junk food that you find in supermarkets for cheap fast food restaurants. Eriks parents use a range of western foods at the time a can buy all of us so we feed our rats meat pie chips cakes and biscuits the sorts of foods that are vettel a valuable and cheap so well model in the western world. The 1st consequence of this diet the rat doubles its food ration as. The animal never seems to share. But thats not the most surprising outcome. One of our chief interests is the impact of his diet on the animals memory and we can measure this is lee in the rat using a task known as the novel object and novel place task. In this test the researcher places objects in the rats cage. The animal comes over immediately to examine that. Rodents are very curious by nature. Once its completed its examination and memorized its surroundings its temporarily removed we then place the animal in the arena with one object thats been shifted. On its return the rat spends more time examining the object that is changed places because it already knows the other objects there engraved in its memory. The rats are stuffed full of bad foods or behave differently. What we observed is the animals eating a high fat diet or a high sugar diet or the combined high fat high sugar foods were less able to recognize to remember that that object had moved the explorer the 2 objects a path a sign that shows any payment at this spatial memory. The overfed rants have not only damaged spatial memory but also other malfunctions that sound a warning signal from the scientists they point to damages in the hippocampus a small region nestled in the center of the brain. Its essential for learning and the consolidation of memory. Recent studies show that in humans like to energy rich diet also interferes with the hippocampus. They say for example that the quality of peoples diets is related to the size of the hippocampus to the size of the gray and white mesh of value and theyre starting to be intervention studies so for example we say that only 4 days on junk food top diet will have an impact on culpas you functions that are related to the hippocampus. For Margaret Morris is now seeking to understand how sugary and fatty foods disrupt the brain of her rats to the point of affecting their performance. She has a hypothesis namely eating too much fat and sugar triggers an inflammatory reaction that spreads to the neurons. So in response to these foods theres a general inflammatory response all around the body this is being botha scribed in obesity but it now appears to be caught in acute response as well and what we find is that inflammatory molecules such as saudi concept increased in response to the dives. And overly rich direct confuses the immune system. It responds by triggering an inflammatory reaction especially in fatty tissues. Are fat mausers released substances that then propagate this inflammation throughout the body. Neurons were thought to be spared this effect behind the protective blood. Same barrier this i mean permeable membrane that separates the circulating blood vessels from the brain. So this increased inflammation in the halls the body and we think that this may spread to the brain. Thats because the blood brain barrier which normally protects the brain from inflammatory molecules may be impaired in fact by the time that and become leaky allowing traffic of molecules into the brain. The inflammation infiltrates them in n. G. s and then triggers a surprising phenomenon. In our laboratories so feel a has shown in her overfed mice that certain immune cells in the brain to mark rogue little cells begin to devour neurons. Considering these microbial souls within the brain are important because they can eat dead neuroses live in the hood when theyre deregulated especially in a situation of on Balance Nutrition they start to eat near owns the to realize their full by consuming these neurons in excess of numbers eventually they will destroy all participate in the destruction of Neural Networks this way that includes neurons that are alive and that should be functional duvet force and. This reaction of the micro global cells could be filmed in vitro. All the images show how energetically they move. The red objects or fragments of neurons that they ingest all in an obese mouse the activity becomes frenetic all mr nominates suspected of significantly affecting the functioning of the brain. War that. Weve been signed to people for 30 years dont eat things fade she might have a heart attack you might get cancer and diabetes it hasnt worked to change peoples behavior we hope that if people understand that what they put in their mouth is actually really essential to the health of their bryant. And that of the children that might have a more profound impact on peoples daughtry choices. Microscope micro manipulator and ultra sensitive recording. Serve you for what i meant is at the helm of an apparatus that can record the electrical activity of a single neuron the principle is simple a slice of mouse brain is immersed in a liquid that keeps it alive. The researcher approaches it carefully with an electrode. Its a meticulous operation. Its usually thought here i go down the people that in the slice of brain you need to know and now we will approach this recording people at near the neuron to make contact. Thats it we made contact and now we will be able to measure the electrical activity of the nereid that he did it to get in on. It he can go up and peaks that we see a potential areas for action yeah but in the quote it this is how humans in code information. The time that he lapses between the peaks is the message sent by the neurons. And then to normal now we will increase the glucose concentration in the bath and we will see if this cell responds to this increase in concentration of glucose because. As they can be seen here this cell responds to the increase with more electrical activity but there is more potential for action than what could be seen here before the increasing to cause concentration. In this signal comes from a single cell but in the brain the neurons are all connected to each other and. That makes the scientists suspect that glucose has the ability to modify the activity of an entire brain areas in the control emotions and pleasure. Is this how sugar ensures its grip on our will. This is for the moment only a hypothesis but today sugar addiction is the subject of Intense Research in laboratories and what appears more and more clear is that the power of sugar is similar to that of a drug. Search up magic is one of the 1st to provide proof with a very simple experiment. Step one he raised rounds giving them cocaine and sugar. Man after weeks of this diet he presented the animals with a choice. Of clones of wallace through and through we have a situation in which the animal has the choice between a lever that is connected to a syringe that contains drug solution and the drug in question is a hard drug like cocaine and heroin and on the left a lever allows him to control a syringe that contains a sweet drink and there we see the animal chooses to take the sweet drink. The rats selected the sugar water 4 times more often than the drugs. It cant be called a glucose overdose but the repress of all desire is plain to see. If exposed to some so this experiment simply shows that sugar has more addictive potential known we had imagined and it is perhaps Even Stronger than the pull of hard drugs such as cocaine and heroin. Also today we live in a Food Environment but its a little crazy. We find sugar in a lot of foods as we would expect in sugary drinks. But we also find sugar in foods that are not meant to be sweet such as how all soup was we could cite other examples but its adding sugar to these foods the contributes to the fact that we make people addicted to it without them knowing it through. Fear of the Oregon Research institute the influence of sweet food on the human brain is being investigated. What this program of research has revealed is that a betrayal consumption of Energy Dense Food alters or a neural circuitry in the exactly the same way of consumption of drugs over the years. Eric stice recruited about 100 students half of whom regularly eat ice cream while the others never eat. They all came to the laboratory to drink a milkshake inside an m. R. I. Device and give the researchers a peek into their brain to. Create casey so what were going to do today is if you chop them up and record the brain activity in your entire brain as you receive an anticipated receiving shock and not check to look at the neural basis of consuming Energy Dense Foods. The test subjects can sip the milkshake through the tubes without moving their heads. What we found out is that the people who never eat ice cream you could trace that reward circuitry everything lit up just beautifully and it activated things very strongly about in contrast to people who ate ice cream every day showed a very diminished response there was hardly any activation whatsoever illustrating the regular intake of Energy Dense Foods really reduces the pleasure you experience when you consume those fears. The reward circuit is a region of the brain that controls the feeling of pleasure it is particularly responsive to sugar consumption but eating too much ends up weakening its responsibilities so that at the same dose the sensations of pleasure are ultimately reduced. And eric stice his experiment reveals another more subtle perhaps more pernicious effect. After a diet too rich in sugar the brain becomes hyper sensitive to in the. Juz of food. The more and more you eat ice cream the less and less the reward circuitry is recruited when you consume ice cream but the more your reward circuitry is or is activated when you see cues that say you might get ice cream so your but your reward circuitry fires up when you see an Ice Cream Store as youre driving down the street or you see a commercial for ice cream on the television the reward circuitry activates much more for people who eat ice cream all the time than it does for people who dont and that prompts eating in the absence of hunger that drives obesity and weight gain. This direct influence of food on our brain plays a crucial role in what we choose to eat each day. What happens in the brain at the moment we pick a dessert rather than an appetizer or fish rather than red meat who is really pulling the strings. Carlos for bureau and his team are leading researchers on food choices. What we really want is to find all the components all the genes the molecules the neurons which direct feeding decisions and for that we have to be able to look at very. Small effects. The simplicity of this animal model the fly makes it possible to explore new avenues and new hypotheses. To understand the feeding abeer of the fly kernels will be our own has developed a machine that monitors the insects choices in great detail. When its touching the food which is in the other electrode with its told the process then we can measure that with a sensor here which is the same sensor which you use on your i pad on your i phone to detect touch on the screen just that here we dont detect the touch screen for the touch of the food and so we can really know dissect that underlies the choice of the fly shes probably will show up but also when shes eating from the different food how it eats how much it eats how fast it eats i really dissect all the details of the decisions which are controlled by the brain. Thanks to this technique hes been able to prove that the main reason for choosing food is 1st of all deficiencies. Naturally flies that lack protein will choose protein rich food. Looking more closely the bureau observed that this is not always the case. Sometimes actually we had some flies which didnt have this strong urge to eat protein and then we were wondering why that was the case right and so when we looked at it turned out that the florist which had no craving for protein had got microbes and so from following up on many experiments we could show that there are 2 specific out my colds which when they are in the fly they suppress protein for protein appetite and therefore these 2 microbes have a very important influence on protein cravings influence. Flies when choosing their diet are influenced by the bacteria in their gut. This unexpected discovery raises an important question does the human intestinal flora called the micro biome also act on our brains. Do our gut bacteria play a role in our food preferences. At the University College cork in ireland jon cryer and does Pioneering Research on the micro biome. Hes been able to prove that gut bacteria can influence certain behaviors in animals as well. When you take microbes from highly anxious mice and transplant them to normal anxious mice they become much more anxious and vice versa that even when you take them from normal you can normalize the stress response and then. Scientists now even consider the micro biome to be a kind of intermediary a link between food and the brain. The main factor that influences the composition of these microbes is the food we take dieters and the diversity of the diet is really important from the moment were born until we die in shaping the composition of the microbes and so were beginning to realize the importance that what we have on want to do in our microbes and how thats influencing whats going on in our brain. Our well being depends in one way or another on our micro biome. A diet that is good for our mood is 1st and foremost a diet we do suitable for the bacteria in our intestines. This is lead to the are you using food to temper the brain and maintain Mental Health. And it is the famous mediterranean diet because the scientists excited. The traditional mediterranean diet is really high in a diverse range of plant food so lots of different leafy greens and different colored vegetables but also fruits very importantly so this is your beans and lentils and she pays nothing not some seeds fish and of course Olive Oil Olive oil is a very important component of the mediterranean diet and we think that that diversity leads to more diversity in the guttmacher bio shock of one provided that weve been out and that diversity in the god has been linked to good health outcomes. We ran the 1st study last year where we recruited 67. 00 people with major depression there was a daughtry support with a clinical doc titian now over a 3 month period this trial took place and at the end of that. When we measured their depression it then we saw that the degree of change in their diet correlated with the degree of change in their depression so the more they move towards a mediterranean diet the more their depression improved. Using diet to serve the brain. Its an idea thats catching on. And scientists are now exploring all kinds of clues. Spices used for centuries in traditional indian medicine are now being studied in labs for their benefits for Mental Health. Grid fruits and berries of awakened i expectations the poly phenols they contain might be able to rejuvenating neurons on the decline. Are red fruits and spices the miracle ingredients for eternally young neurons. Its still too early to say for sure and researchers are only just beginning to one cover the secrets of the remarkable relationship between nutrition and the brain. The ideal menu for our little grey cells is still largely unknown but a balanced diverse diet which does without processed food and sugar and favors fruits and vegetables seems so far to be the best recipe for preserving the mental faculties. Like grandmother sat. You are what you eat so eat well and what were realizing now is that science is beginning to understand how true she was at the porto lighted if we limited the deficiencies would that reduce crime that was not too early to say what we do know is that when you bet on Healthy Eating it has a thanks on behavior because the more we overeat snickers bars we become hypervigilant to snicker cures and we eat a lot of snickers and we create that monster are some sort the best thing to do if you have kids those feed them Healthy Foods are not going to be used to getting this kind of crop. I cant believe i just said crops are. The tax strong opinions clear positions from International Perspective such. With corona infection surging in the us President Trump claims 99 percent of all cases are harmless americas struggle with the virus threatens to spiral out of control corona in the us trumps down fall thats our topic on to the point to the point. Of the 90 minutes on t. W. The World Population is increasing the climate is changing its getting warmer and there are going to be more of all places where you cannot grow traditional props we have to fix that some the white to do that is to use the modern genetics modification methods to make a better call it is a safer than anything weve done by traditional genetic modification you take one gene you know exactly what it is you put it into another plant to make a map exactly where its gone i think we will be able to provide enough food for people by 2050 if we can make crops who grow under 70 arid conditions. This was to leave a much greater stability in the food supply we have at the moment. But. This is g. W. News live from berlin thousands defy a ban on Mass Gatherings in serbia where the sit in protest against the governments Coronavirus Response to the Peaceful Demonstrations almost 2 days of violent clash. Also coming up coronavirus testing stations in israel that were once shut down because they were being used are now running full tilt the country it was a model for us and them for spots but no more. Cost and prepares to mark 25 years since referent as of the