Please welcome christian, the executive director, procurement council, u. S. Chamber of commerce. Good morning. And welcome to the u. S. Chamber of commerce and to launch the space economy, our Second Annual space summit. Events such as this are a team effort and we deeply appreciate the support of our sponsors, boeing, northrup, rocket lab, oneweb, hawkeye 360 and ascent. We have been busy over the past year from policy discussions ranging from management of commercial aviation and the orbit assurance, to opportunity aboard the iss and future gateway. And we even convened the need for greater use of space enabled surveillance of the water ways. The procurement and council has an ever expanding set of policy pursuits. Fortunately, we have an enthusiastic space industry ceo here at the chamber. Tom donohue wrote an article, he wrote, harnessing the economic potential of space is no easy feat. It took years for the maritime system and nearly a hundred years for aviation, but both are vital parts of the Global Economy and space increasingly is, too, indeed he wrote, space is the new economic frontier, the public and private sectors must Work Together as partners and pioneers to leverage its vast potential for human kind, end quote. I am not sure that it could be said any better. But before i introduce the ceo of the u. S. Chamber, we have a brief video i think youll like if we could roll that now. From the International Space station, im nasa astronaut christina cook. On behalf of the expedition 61 crew we would like to welcome the attendees of the 2019 space summit aboard our magnificent laboratory. We are appreciative of the u. S. Chambers support and commitment to enabling commercial partnerships and strategic investments, especially in the space industry. As we fly 255 Miles Per Hour above you, we are making great progress on a number of experiments. For example, examining how microgravity can improve the health of people on earth. We expect this trend to continue as we approach years of living aboard the space station. Were happy to have joined you from orbit and wish you all a productive space summit. And with that, tom donohue, ceo of the u. S. Chamber of commerce. In a few minutes, im going to go out to the airport and a horizontal basis, im going to fly about 250 miles and its unbelievable to think that you just saw a quick video from space and people are telling me that you aint seen nothing yet. So im glad youre all here. Christian, you and your team have put together a great event. Thanks to all the folks on the space station for tuning in with us for a few minutes and its great for us to see so much commercial work underway on the International Space station. Truly a jewel in the crown of the Cutting Edge Research youre going to see as we go forward. Id also like to thank all of you who are joining us today, whether as a speaker, a panelist, a participant, whatever youre doing, its just great to have you here again, or anew. Let me just make one observation. I went through all the programs this morning on the way here and i was really taken back by the extraordinary number of, and quality of speakers that were going to have today. If you just look carefully at that whole agenda of who is going to be here, there is no question that were on our way to space in a huge way. This years summit is appropriately titled launch, the space economy. The name perfectly describes where the industry is headed. In recent years, weve witnessed a sea change in commercial space. Were officially moved beyond the countdown to the point of liftoff. Think of this, today there are less than 2000 active satellites in orbit. But yet, last year alone the fcc licensed over 13,000 satellites for operations in low earth orbit. Space is the most promising industry to arise since the birth of the tech sector and Companies Large and small want a piece of the action. Thats why in the coming years, growth will continue to skyrocket. The u. S. Chamber projects that commercial space will be at least a 1. 5 trillion dollar industry by 2040. And if there are stimulus from competing operations around the globe, that will happen faster, in a competitive way, and a much more vigorous investment. If that doesnt give you a pause, then you aint paying attention. The future of our economy is being built right before your eyes and it is poised to upend everything that came before. Commercial space will transform how all societies across the globe learn, communicate, thrive and grow and thats only using space hundreds of miles above us. If you just think, if you just think back in the last six months, the things weve learned, the things weve read, the things weve seen on what were finding, new black holes, extraordinary deeper into the space and the next space and the next space, its unbelievable and i want to say again, what youre watching and what were working on is only the beginning and as soon as we get one place, were going on further. Commercial space is something that stimulates the mind and has the Great Potential to fundamentally change our education system. All civilizations throughout history look to the heavens and they wonder and they prayed, now we have the chance to reach up and grasp those dreams and the opportunities are endless. Space isnt an empty void, but it is the landscape of near infinite opportunities. The materials and Energy Resources that are scarce here on earth are everywhere in our solar system. Lunar colonies, astronaut mining, and interplanetary travel, once the stuff of Science Fiction could soon become reality. But for that to happen, we need sensible Public Policies that will force through the innovation and investment and growth necessary for continued commercial expansion into space. Thats where the chamber comes in in our small way. Were working with all the private and Public Sector stakeholders to chart the course towards a mature commercial space, regulatory regime. Thats the reason we brought you all here today. Its you, our nations business leaders, policy experts and government officials who are laying the groundwork for a new age in Space Exploration. Were eager to hear from both government and industry this morning, as you Work Together to build a National Space policy that will help us lead the world into the next economic frontier. The future of our economy depends upon a vigorous pursuit of industry beyond earth and with the right combination of private investment and Public Policy, our potential for growth, like space itself, has no limits. So lets learn from each other today. Lets boldly venture into the beyond and lets go there together and thanks to all of you, again, for joining us and for making this a very, very important event the next step to space. Thank you very much. music music music music music music music music music music please welcome jim chilton, senior vicepresident , space and launch, boeing Defense Space and security at the boeing company. And neil bradley executive vicepresident and chief policy officer, the u. S. Chamber of commerce. Good morning. Well, jim, thanks for joining us this morning and helping us kick off our Second Annual space summit and our launch program. I wonder if we could start top line and tell us a little about boeings history in the Space Exploration and Space Program, which i know is frankly a lot richer than i personal appreciated and many in our audience appreciate and how youre thinking about your priorities today. Okay, well, one priority is to thank the chamber and the people here, you and thomas, a great event and i know its a great start last year, so, thank you for that. From a history of legacy perspective, a lot of people dont know, but boeing goes back a good 60 years in human space flight and about the same in satellites to include commercial satellites, so if you look at the legacy companies, we were part of mercury and gemini, apollo built on both ends of the rocket, built devices, the lunar rovers were boeing products coming out against washington. I know thats a long time ago, but it makes our work force very proud and technical papers on Lessons Learned there and keep the work force engaged and interested. And look, i think the first commercial satellite rolled out of the factory and in california, sin com one in 1962, maybe, i might be off a year there and since then the satellites were off an auto plant. Theres a great legacy there. If you look for recently, we have the privilege of serving nasa on the Space Program and those are a marvel if you havent gotten to a museum to see one of them. Im biased because i got to work the program during my work and life and those things enabled the great observatory and the International Space station that theyre familiar with. And the partner nations, ill call it, conquered low earth orbit. Maybe we didnt conquer, but learned a lot about it and the kids dont know a time when humans havent lived continuously in space. Theres a new generation coming and from our work force standpoint. They were very relevant. And the Lessons Learned for our star liner project are huge, and i would argue nasas space station and the International Partner stations, that is the human Space Program for our country and a lot of the world today and we just keep learning so the ability to learn how the human race system and environments and kind of the crew ops and training and how fast you might have to move, in an unexpected event, thats just fantastic for our work force. So, i wanted to start with the history because as i mentioned back stage, i was home in oklahoma with my family and we went to the tulsa air and space museum and some of those companies that are now part of the boeing corporation, where some of those products that you just talked about were built in it you will is an and some of the volunteer docents at the museum were the ones who sent design the payload doors, for example, on the Shuttle Program and its amazing well, not amazing, its remarkable the pride in which they take in the work they did in having been a part of putting americans into space and our space dominance at the time and how they translate that, even to my nineyearold son in terms of what they can be a part of. And so, i think sometimes we skip so quickly to the present that we forget about how were building on that kind of legacy, that rightfully people who you and people who preceded you have deserved pride in what youve accomplished. Thanks for bringing that together and thanks for what boeing does in particular to help educate younger americans who follow your footsteps. I know one of the ways that you all help inspire folks and one of your colleagues with us last year is Chris Ferguson and for those of you who are here and joined us, you know that chris was a nasa astronauts and been in space and hes currently no longer with nasa, but training to go back to space and preparing to go back to space in a couple of years as part of Boeings Starliner program. Tell us a little about how you bring together the expertise of someone like chris has and his history in nasa and kind of the public side of Space Exploration and the expertise that you all have in the private sector side and how that marriage works and what kind of opportunities that creates as we think about how the u. S. Returns to human space flight. Well, yeah, thats a great perspective. I hadnt thought about the public internal part of it. Ill start by saying, were working in the commercial crew program and our entry is called a starliner and proud of it and were going to flywere counting down the days now not months and weeks. How many days . Were looking at the 19th. We asked the range over the weekend. We were on the 17th and we asked for the 19th and they may have positioned that by now, but thats what we prefer. We had something come up over the weekend on the purge ducting was a little off we told the team get it how you need to get it. Number one, we call it the commercial crew program, but right now were serving nasa and i need to thank nasa. Because a lot of what we are able to do we learned from nasa and we have techniques and approaches and doing this with much less nasa direct involvement than weve had in the past. So having chris on the team is immensely valuable. You bring him into the team and put a boeing badge on him and firstoff, he has an effect on all of us. You know, we all know these are very brave americans and these are also really smart people so he has a great ability to lead other people. And he has maybe too much ability to say i could probably handle that risk, but his participation in those design trades and how are we actually going to operate this vehicle has been invaluable and we think that that is needed inside the tent. And no way of saying that the nasa astronauts are not able to participate in that way and its been really good for us and pretty cool for chris to see how things work behind the curtain. Publicly, we kind of have a deal with chris, we never want to be in position where hes not entirely comfortable to include our schedule and our timelines and our test protocols and it has a good effect on both of us and it gives him to fairly represent the nasa in the quarters hes uniquely able to do and ill close at that question by saying that if youre an engineer entering the work force or a technician that wants to build something just right and youre off trying to work with other nations or individuals who may want to buy a commercial ride on this. The ability to go ask chris a question and say, hey, what do you think about this or that, im and last time i had lunch with him the day before and i talked in with naive questions for someone who is not in your line of work and his ability to walk through some of those things is a credit both to him, but also, i think, to what hes learning with this kind of advent of how we go back into space. Right . Because the starliner is a lot different than for those who think about mercury argument i reaffirm the shuttle, it feels a lot different. And how has that transition been in terms of explaining the people, boeing division for what the commercial space crew experiences . So let me describe it as a positive. So, number one, protecting the more they are theyre bringing them home safely, we are not going to walk away from that work. And i dont think anybody needs to hear more on that. That fundamental doesnt change. The Business Model is very different and what we try to do with the machines after we fly with nasas very different. When i say its a composite, hes a hardnosed test pilot and with some pretty tough chief engineers who will build that thing right. At the same time we know from our commercial airplane business and other commercial ventures, the optics of how you sell it and how you might arrange the seats and be able to reconfigure them, thats all much different, how we might be able to sell them, wed found in the future. Thats a lot of fun for the tape as well but its got to be thought through carefully. Thats i want to go further. The Current Administration has a renewed focus on Space Exploration returning american and american vehicles into space. You are also thinking the on that pic youre thinking about it from the commercial side of it. Talk a little bit about the same way we combine the best of Chris Ferguson with the best of boeing. How do you marry up the administrations vision for what it wants to do in terms of Space Exploration and understanding thats got to take place over multiple congresses and multiple administrations, with what boeing wants to do in terms of planning out a commercial enterprise. How do those things fit together . Other opportunities presented . Are there conflicts . Theres the potential for conflict. The first answer is its a great opportunity. I want to remind everybody nasa has a policy objective in addition to taking americans to space, and others from u. S. Soil, which is job one, full stop. They also want to stimulate an ecosystem. We want commercial companies to succeed so that whether we work for nasa, to some extent we have their policy blessing to try to use them for customers other than nasa. You see them to export things with the International Space station and firemen to try to help us do that. There could be a conflict, hypothetically a customer and want to fly the same time nasa does. What weve express is there very open about its okay if you want to try to do that, just you know what harm to what were doing. I think nasa is enabling that much more than they are. Is this the Lesson Learned from going all the way back to kennedys challenge to put man on the moon, that the government is leading and providing some incentives and obviously some funding but the commercial spinoff and opportunities that are created by that National Commitment may be were not anticipated at the time and were not planned for but turned out to be very real, and now we understand there are going to be those type of commercial spinoffs and opportunities and theyre part of the planning. Is that whats happened over the last 50 or 60 years . Lets see. Ill back up. For apollo a used a very large, historic by current standards the propulsion of the since then with maybe 10 of that annual with done Amazing Things. The big lesson in those Amazing Things is be ready for something you didnt expect, some opportunity will arise and in our economy that set works so you want to scar your system to go to great things. You want to partner with people who look at the world differently. Were trying to see if we could become an aerial photos businesses. Businesses. Absolutely the government is an anchor customer. It would be hard to get in this business if you didnt have a certain customer that knew this to me and could tolerate the risk. Its hard to predict a schedule. We struggled a little bit with the schedule and i think Everybody Knows that. You have to do it right and you have to do it systematically. Its absolutely an effective policy from my perspective and we wouldnt have a chance to do the other things were going to try to do without that first part. The first nasa by we think about the secondary and third and fourth iteration, and to your point we dont know exactly what those are going to look like. We know to expect the unexpected but from a business standpoint you have to plan and that some type of insight as to what you think the commercial opportunities are. Obviously here at the chamber this conference or conference a year ago we talk a lot about the commercialization of space. We throw out big numbers about what the opportunities are, right . That involved a little bit of science and a little bit of art, right . You all have to do much more heavily from a business perspective on the sides of it. Tell us your perspective in terms of how you see the future commercial opportunity of space, and are we right to really talk about a new space age and commercialization of space . I think we are right. I think its hard, yet the number one thing that gives the optimism is a quantity of new entrants and players. A lot of people can see themselves in this economy now. You can make a pro and con argument. I would say i would segment the markets for you. Use small launches and big launches and lots of them, historically there hasnt been room for as many as we see. So the question will be as we get more and more efficient, with the elasticity happen . If you drop prices will you get more demand . That experience is underway. Any prediction . Launch is something nationstates are not going to give up. So theres some set of worldwide launchers they can be commercial. Theres a subset that people are going to in the country so they dont lose the ability to do it. At a think theres a finite amount of people who can survive in the commercial market and we are seeing great competition. We are in it. We are super proud of her partnership and the people that people get in the last 20 years it was annually get rockets to work overtime . Theres a a company that is proven you can. If you could do it and get the price down the question becomes do you stimulate demand . I question goes to satellites first. The commercial satellite business has historically been a geobased business, probably no one here needs a reminder thats been a type business the last two years work order seven death and were seeing a proliferation of nongeoconstellations and that will have implications for launch big and small. And moving away from broadcast the Network Provision is, we have to set the place up. Some of those folks will start competing with horizons and how did get landing rights for countries. Its exciting but it wont be easy. But again unintended are originally im contemplated opportunities. And finally human spaceflight, if we can crack open more people go to space for not exclusively are most exclusively government people, thats got to be big. What kind of doors does that open . You hear about the idea theres a lot of research that goes on International Space station but you of a lot of opportunities to do Cutting Edge Research that can only be done in space or would of benefits if done in space. Is that what the third Market Element of nongovernmental human spaceflight unlocks . Its one of them. As great as robotics have advanced and computers are mighty handy and they discover a number of things that maybe you would discover or notice so i think thats true. Much has been made about manufacturing in space. Thats possible but were discovering things, you can more quickly find vaccines for things, the salmonella discovery on the station is a prominent example. Theres a segment of the market which is tourism. Is that going to be a growing i dont know. Congratulations to them, they ready to start service. Short subpart of all right. We aspire to provide orbital rides. How deep that market is and what long term pricing could exist is not sure youre were in. Going to try. Is at another area of our price elasticity and demand we dont know exactly where those are going to be on the curb . Im not sure yet. You know, im not sure to the point with early adopters. Would you like to go and why . And ashes after some people go are a lot more people going to go . Or is it going to fade . A lot of folks in this room would like to go. I think all of us in this room would like to have the resources to be able to be one of those early adopters, and so were thinking about how that price were interested in, our capsule was designed for nasa but you can have fifth cedar or cargo for anybody who wants to fill that fifth seat just shoot me an email. Whats the going rate for that . Well talk, depends on the kind of Monthly Payment youre interested in. Exactly. A Monthly Payment system, just like at the car lot. A Monthly Payment system, this is on the havent heard yet. Yet. You have mentioned a couple of times, and im really curious your perspective on this. Obviously the number of commercial players has multiplied, and that we dont know whether supplies going to exceed demand or demands going to rise to meet supply or how thats going to play out. You all are obviously, as we began the conversation, a longterm player in this space. And perhaps more than many of the other folks who are peers and competitors in some sense today, you have a long time horizon from which to look back from. Give us boeings perspective on the current marketplace and the dynamics of that kind of competitive element that i would argue may be relatively new in terms of how we think about the commercial Space Services side. Thats a great observation, because i talk about legacy in our pride and parts we worked on. The future is different. So number one our view is its going to happen. Toms comments about the large economy, i will not tell you how large the economy will be but humans want to go. Theres a lot of ulility and excitement around going to space so we believe in that the economy. Number two, its not good happen in the traditional Business Models that we can look back and say, you could watch our behavior a little bit where commercial crews a completely different Business Model than space station which is different than the institution model for space launch system. If you look at our military satellite line, thats a lot of cross flow between commercial and military technology. We sell a lot of fixed price to the military so theres a flavor of commercial there. So number one, weve got to be agile in the Business Model. You cant confuse the technology and the difficulty of the physics draw you in. You cant get excited about that and get drawn into the wrong Business Model. In what way . Im curious. Ill pick launch. People are very excited and this is kind of a personal observation, people are very excited to get in the launch business. I think if someone like the chamber studied theres more small set launchers than small satellite companies. You wonder if that is a mismatch. You look and say from where you are, at series a, how many rounds would get to get through and if all of you were to succeed is that much money out there . See what i mean . You have to pick your spots and predict which Business Model is going to work. They are all capable of flying. Your business, and theres harsh is his decision, right . Is this a little bit like the romanticism, if i could put it this way, of being involved in space and having a program that can take people and things and launch them, is that where you begin to flow bit of breakdown with the hardnosed, profit and loss, what the market demands . Is there a limit of that going on . I think theres a lot of that going on. Our cfo who looks at me as a 35 year space nerd. He says jim, theres no blood left in your koolaid to stream. Because obviously a space enthusiast and so i talked with different Business Models. Thats going to be as important as the technology as more people are able to do with it the ability of technology and you get into a sustainable business. Without revealing too much about your thinking at boeing, if launch is one of those areas where everybody is getting in, everyone has their way of doing it, when you said around, you personally think about this, thats the area where in 20 years i said i wish i want to be involved at because the old ice hockey adage, you skate to where the puck is going, not where it is. Where is the puck going and where would you like to see people skating to . In launch specifically . No, beyond launch. Specifically beyond launch. I think the prize, i will say the prize were all what you arrive at the puck, weve had humans live continuously in space. We are going on 20th and we dont want a gap in that. Im boldly, we dont want in the u. S. And we dont want it worldwide. We have to go get this economy going. We have to go get that the government says ive shown the world how to do it and now its to the commercial sector to go get this done for the world, we have to go do or we will have that gap. So when you think about that gap, we know the age of the young National Space station. We know there are things with great engineering and ingenuity we could do to prolong time. You cant prolong an asset indefinitely. When do you think about that gap and think gosh, i hope we are prepared as a nation to be at that point where we can fill that gap . Ten years . 15 years . How do you think about that time horizon . I think you got the time horizon about right, ten, 15. Ill use government examples. If you look at our congress looks like they will go extend space station for 2030. Not a technical reason you couldnt do that. If you look at the european budgets budget that come out right about now, you look like theyre going to be there for the long term. Then you say how long should it go . It could go, i think its decreased but right now a lot of the conversation is wednesday station to what a deal with the airlock from which they dispense the satellites, we did that. Of course we take a payment whenever they launch something but a lot of this is false like that going on. The mass challenge incubator where paying people to bring experience up. I think theres a lot of speakers talk about the incubator and the experiments and of that is evolved and we see that . I will start with nasa policy. They are clearly allowing at as long as it does no harm to the stationed there allowing us to try to build businesses out there. Prominent examples of small businesses. We are trying to stimulate some. Its a little like our horizon x ventures arm. People may not know boeing has a venture arm called horizon x were we take shares of companies both fake baby the ones that will survive long Company Might have some technology we think would make visible in our company but we can help it be born in another company. I see the station as an incubator like that. You are seeing things being tried and we will discover sustainable businesses. When you think about those sustainable businesses, when we plan for the gap that you talked about, do you think that were going to avoid that gap we will of what the gap i want to come back to the things we need to do to help avoid that in one moment, but do you think that everyone is thinking about, when we close that gap, when we avoid that gap, with talk of something that succeeds the International Space station and hopefully something that talks about and furthers the type of innovation like that Incubator Program you just talked about. Do you think that is a common view of what the next stage of man living in space looks like . Do your competitors . Does the government . Do Public Policymakers share that view of the future . Im going to be bold and say yes, but not in the same architecture. I think at large people agree we like to see lowearth orbit commercialized a little easier to get to. Its a place where we can do some business of people imagine hotels and commercial labs at i think other countries talk about building their own space stations there. I think everybody imagine some form of proliferation in lowearth orbit. The Artemis Program is just nothing but exciting. We have an administrator who is out there rallying deep space exhalation program on a scale with his room for everybody. So you think about lowearth orbit, its commerce job to go populate that. The government will go meet with like the railroads in the west. There will be some devices that help us go to deeper space than the moon and mars and beyond. You will have lowearth orbit. How you do it, a lot of competition, a lot of some architectures are only for the people describing it. Some architectures are very open. We want to see a lot of players so we can be institutionally independent. I think its great. I dont know how it will end up but it is exciting come into your point about having leaders express that excitement, one of the things the chamber we are proud to work with boeing on as well was our other members is laying that Public Policy groundwork. Talked a little bit about how the government being an important buyer and incubator of these things but they also lay out a lot of the vision in a way that brings together the commercial side. I mentioned the air and space museum. Its not a coincidence that jim bridenstine, before he was nasa administrator, before he was a member of congress, was the executive director of that error and space museum. And you see his passion when you talk to him about it. But like all administrations theres a finite time, at the time horizon that we talked about in terms of full avoiding the gap is going to exceed any, exceed the next administration whoever that is in the next administrative and probably the next administered after that. So what can we do as an susie is, as advocates, as boosters for the kind of exciting future of to maintain that level of enthusiasm so that we maintain this level of commitment and support to make sure we avoid they get gap and get the future that you talk about . Do you have any advice for us entered the one we can can do in that regard . Number one, i do have a little strong interest in this. Number one, when you do look at artemis, larger space ecosystem that is merging and a special artemis as something we all have to pull together and try to make happen. We alter self linking of different ways and we want to do well at our Company Wants to do well but we have to advance it. We all have to support each other. I cant see my colleague rick, if easier but i would like to congratulate Lockheed Martin for dancing their orion to test because theyre building a deep space machine and shes going to go to the kate after this test. The round of applause for those guys. I know that sounds odd but the point was, the thing im trying, im 35 dash by never seen a time in human spaceflight where everybody was waiting for everybody else. Im not sure thats really happening everywhere right now. What would try to do is commit and say lets all be mutually consoled supported. As you mention were all going to have to stay committed to it through good times and bad. Thats how the station has lived so long and thats how the shuttle flew. Its different than going to the soap have to be sustainable. Number two, we must have a new generation of talent seeing themselves in this. The museums, the work we do to make sure that early career people get a lot of access to people like Chris Ferguson, and those of you in the room, many people in the room, we all must invest time in that because they are the artemis generation. If were not going of the human gap, they are going to carry the torch. Whats left for me is able to pass on a few lessons. Its excitability terry that george as youre doing but also exciting excited to build a pass off and know the future is bright. Thanks for taking the time and sharing with us all a bit about not just what boeing is doing with the perspective on the overall architecture, thanks for sharing your enthusiasm. Thats whats most exciting is this isnt just a brief moment in time. This is a moment in time that is going to define future history. Its pretty exciting to be a part of and im privileged you took the time to share with us today your thoughts about. Thank you and thank you for doing this. I think youll find the same enthusiasm all over the audience. You are at the front of something very big. You ought to grasp it. Join me in thanking jim for spending time with us. music music music music music and now eric graham, lard hoffman, Global Launch Services at rocket labs usa, brigadier general, associate administrator for commercial space transportation, federal aviation administration. John serafini, chief executive officer at hawkeye 360. And doctor kerry buckley, Vice President of air force programs, centre for programs and technology, the miter corporation. music music music good morning. Good morning. Its great to be with all of you. The topic for our panel this morning is the evolving regulatory needs for commercial space and lowearth orbit operations. Thank you all for being with me. I think we all know that the future base led operations will be shaped by the increased demand of the volume and diversity of commercial space. We also know that this is a Global Challenge and it really calls for the safe and responsible behavior of the International Community as well as capability in areas such as space domain awareness, spacecraft management, and continued innovation. We also know when he to account for challenges in National Security while at the same time enabling growth in the commercial sector and promoting standards for safe launch in space at the International Community. To do this its going to take whole of government approach as well as continued collaboration between government and industry. We are very fortunate that our federal agencies are looking to focus on those regulatory processes to help streamline the activities and the regulations that we need to do that. We are going to have a great panel this morning. Lets discuss this meaty topic. You were some of the names but let me go through and do some introductions again for a quickly. To right of me i have John Serafini again the chief executive officer with hawkeye 360. Brigadier general witches told me that he had made three promises to himself when he retired. Was it two days ago this time last year . One was not to work in government again. One was not to live in the washington metropolitan area again, and you can see how successful he has been at that, so thank you for joining us. We also have senior Vice President of Global Launch Services and eric graham who has been in his role for just three months as director of regular affairs at one web. Again thank you for joining me. Lets jump in. We have a little bit of time together. My first question im going to give you general, and he did just walk us through some of the regulatory approaches that youre taking, intent to streamline launch licensing a payload permitting. What are some of the key points of contention in that area, and how are you working to balance those considerations . First off it was great to