Sunday at 8 00 p. M. Eastern, news correspondent katie to her the crazies campaign in american history. It is no secret politicians do not like reporters generally. Richard had a fraught relationship with his press corps. What was unusual about this was the very public nature of it, the way he would go after reporters from the stage of rallies and have the crowd, encourage the crowd to essentially turn on us and boo us. Schieffer on the impact of changing technology on journalism in his book overload. He is interviewed by susan glasser. The first thing we have to keep doing is doing what we are doing, and that is trying to sort out the true from the false , and that is an overwhelming job now. It is a bigger responsibility than we have ever had his we are dealing with so much more information. We now have access to more information than any people in the history of the world. But we are running a little short on curators right now. We are getting so much information we really cannot process it. For more of this weekends schedule, go to book tv. Org. Senators cory booker of new jersey and then sass of nebraska talked about health care in a summit in washington, d. C. Posted by the Milken Institute. A speech by the president of the world bank. [applause] 50 minutes. Which side . You pick it. Ill sit on the right side. To bring by partisan ship together a bit. So i think most of you know over the 20 plus years we have been putting on these events, we try to get you to know the other people at your table. By giving you a quiz. I have the expert here sitting on my left. So this gives you we only give you one minute, but with so many perktss on public health, and other issues here it shouldnt be a problem. Our first and question tonight is very simply. Can we pull that up . Okay. Obesity is a known risk factor for high blood pressure, how many miles of added blood vessels does the heart have to pump through for each pound of excess weight . So this is miles for just one extra pound. Does it have to go three, four, five, six or seven . Seven. My guess is seven. So if you have 100 extra pound, its 700 miles . [ inaudible chatter ] okay. Time is up. Only one vote per table. One vote per table. Shhh. So, doctor francis kolens is manning his own table tonight. And is not a lifeline for anyone. Thank you for joining us. Okay, how many think its three extra miles per pound . Gosh. If you weigh 20 pound you think its more than 600 miles. Okay. How about b, four extra miles. No one is voting for that. You cannot win for your table if you dont vote. C. Five extra miles. We have a few. Maybe 7. Six extra miles . Okay. Multiple votes at one table. Okay. And e. Seven extra miles. Im with the seven. The correct answer is. Awe. Okay. That was just a warm up. Okay. You think you had a busy day today . Lets hear what senator booker had to do today. Tell us about your day. Well my day has been all over the place. From Public Schools in new jersey all the way down to voting on the floor of the senate. The big thing we did today is after months of working with Environmental Justice advocates, not Climate Change folks but folks that focus on the immediate urgent issues of environment injustice in the country. We unvailed a major piece of legislation to combat what conditions most americans especially americans that are prif ledged dont think exist. Give us examples. I left new jersey and traveled through the country. Everywhere from north carolina. And the hog farm areas. To alabama. To even st. Parish county in in louisiana. These are places that have things really i couldnt believe it. You have environmental conditions that are so extreme where poor people live. And the poor people of color. Where you have types of corporate villainny you cant believe. Parish they call the area the nickname is cancer alley. Because of the Chemical Companies there and the quality of air is many of o dozens of times worse beyond what epa says. I did this because i became an activist not because of my concerns about Climate Change, not because of worries about polar icecaps. I was living in the inner city. Im the only senator that lives in an urban core. I live in an overwhelmingly majority black and latin community. 14,000. And starting to work there, as a young man coming out of law school, i was astonished i came there to work on issues of housing and public safety, but i never understood i think until i was living in some highrise Public Housing projects how urgent the Environmental Crisis are. Especially for poor communities. When i was mayor of new wark. I had dealt with epidemic levels of asthma and led poisoning. There are 3,000 communities in america where children have twice the blood led levels of flint, michigan. My community was one. Terrible air quality. Because the highways intersect there. You have all the public assets one might think from waste treatment areas to incinerators that burn trash. In the area driven up as most urban areas do. Multiple times the asthma rates. I decided to try to deal with food deserts. Declaring efs going to make new jersey the biggest urban farming city. I began to fwo out and started planting in the soil. The epa said stop, you cant grow things in the soil. In this city because of the poison in the soil. And so by the time i finish as mayor. I saw many kids couldnt breathe. Air. It was toxic. Continue plant in the soil. And the water was toxic. Everything from children having to drink out of the bottled water in the school because of the led. Or the river which poor people a century ago could go crab skpg fishing to sustain the families. Now its a Super Fund Site. The Super Fund Sites which every state has. Poor communities and communities color. We know how much what its doing to the children. Children who live within mile of a Super Fund Sites. I live with two around me. Have 20 higher levs of birth defect. Higher rates of autism. You have children growing up in communities where the environmental alienation and degradation is so high. Cancers and respiratory systems. We dont do anything about it. I try to show folks whether you live in rural areas like alabama. There a common pain affecting ten of millions of americans. Were not doing anything about it. Super funds is frustrate tg. We know the threat to the children. Ronald reagan and mitch mechanic c we failed to reauthorize it. My generation as senator. And whats happening to Super Fund Site ts is they are increasing in the country and continuing to hurt and damage the lives of children. Today i unvailed a piece of legislation that will go at the core issues that are really unimaginable and the perversion of capitalism we have. Companies are allowed to out source costs onto communities to the detriment of millions and internalize procht profit by not dealing with the environmental injustice. We all appreciate you shining the light on this issue. Now one of the things that many people in the audience dont know about you. I was thinking of some of them. Heres a boy from new jersey that goes school in stanford. I got in because of a 4. 0. Receiving yards. I was i got in football scholarship. Okay. I moved about 1,200 people from the northeast to california. Almost all of them stayed 25 years later. You came back to new jersey. Why . I owe a lot to the state. When my father who was born poor as a single kid in the south really with no hope or opportunity but it was the intervention of a lot of americans that broke my father out of the poverty. Got him to college. The civil rights was happening and my parents benefitted. My father was the first black person hired by ibm as salesperson. And promoted to manhattan. They wouldnt sell my parents a home in white neighborhoods. So my parents had to Grass Roots Organization the fair housing counsel to send white couples out to pose at them. And they found a house they loved and told it was sold. The white couple found it was for sale. They put a bid on the house. And it was accepted. On the day of closing my father confronted the Real Estate Agent. And Real Estate Agent got angry. Realized he was caught. Punched my dads lawyer in the face. Put a dog on my dad. A big fight broke out. The dog would get bigger every time my dad told the story. Im growing up in the privileged town. That has great environment. Where i can plant tomatoes in the backyard. And hear stories of a nation of struggle. My parents remind me were in the house because ot hard work, dedication and discipline of a family. It was a Larger Community that enabled us to be where we are today. We owe a legacy of giving back to that. I want to dedicate my tlif making change. I tried to track down the people who helped my family move into the town. Marty was dead. The head of the fair housing counsel from the 60s is still the head. Hes 91 years old. Lee porter. This is the power of one person. I asked her who are the rest of the lawyers that helped and why would they do this . She sent me to the lawyer still alive. Who was organizing. He said look, i made the decision because i was on my couch in the 60s watching tv and saw the people trying to march in the counties i visit on the Environmental Justice tour. Where they still have so many residents. We talk about neglected tropical disease. I found out meeting with doctor peter expert in tropical diseases because im the Ranking Member of the african subcommittee. He said the neglected diseases exist in america. And most doctors dont know that. 12 million americans have diseases they think only exist in africa and south america. In louns county where civil rights marched from sell ma to montgomery. The lawyer broke through the walls of segregation. And still plague the country. He was motivated because he was on his couch and saw in the county the people trying to march over of the bridge. And was so moved by the violence, he got up the next day and told his partner were busy, just starting this business. We have to do something for the larger cause. Activists in alabama, their love and patriotism changed the opinion of a lawyer in new jersey who would change generations yet unborn. For me im the senator from new jersey. But the problems in louns county the problems in alabama the problems in louisiana, the problems in new jersey are the same. And for me the way to pay back the fight sr. Civil rights are in nation who have so many poor people struggling with Environmental Issues that are a threat to the public health. This to me is a gives me to chance to try po pay forward all that was given to me. Lets touch base [ applause ] i want to touch base on a bunch of issues. One, the issue of soil planting and etc. Modern Technology Allows us with hydro farming to the leading firms in the world are here. To be able to farm in a warehouse. Have 20 different crops that you can harvest. Substantially more so technology has a promise. Air farms in new jersey. Its amazing. Vertical farming. We brought the leaders in the world for that. Amazon technology and others delivering food to food deserts that you spoke about. Three shining a light of the issues that you have done today. And i think back a decade ago when we were giving the Educator Awards in new wark together. Wung of the things we focus on is the dramatic change in the food change. The sequence of your issues. After you completed your career adds tight end for stanford, how long before you became a vegetarian . So, it was im a veegen now. How do you know if somebody is vegan . Dont worry theyll tell you. I left stanford playing football and played varsity sports at oxford. And started experimenting with my body. I tried for six months. After one month i said im never going back. My body was supercharged. Some of my greatest heros from the olympics. Was a vegetarian. The greatest. And then i just started making the mistake of getting rid of the illusion and starting to read about our food system. And we live in a nation. Your talking to all the innovations in farm. Theres a farm bill coming to the senate. It is shameful. We are subsidizing the very things that make us sick. We pay twice. Billions of dollars in subsidies. And we have kids like new wark who go and get a twinky cheaper than an apple. Because of taxpayer dollars and subsidizing and paying for medical care. Its worse than that. Most people think of when theyre eating in america they have this vision. Even the products we buy the beautiful images on the package. But i have sat in dup linn county. And big country in north carolina. Poor African American communities. And i have seen what pig farming is today. Massive concentrated animal feeding operations. Millions of pigs. With crates with fee ses fall into the cracks. They doept treat this stuff. They put it in massive lagoons. Spray it over fields untreat td. I stood there with activist and watch the stench in the air. Watching the mist of the stuff carry off the spray field into communities. Sitting with activists, poor folks who cant sell their land anymore. Because you have this case a Major Chinese chaen producing pigs for expert. Were not eating that pork here. And what do the communities have to deal with . They cant open their windows. Cant run airconditioning. Cant hang stuff on lands. Cant sell their land. Cant plant in the soil. Respiratory disease is off the chart. Cancer is off the chart. Because of the industrial gurl. Causing more Greenhouse Gas than the transportation industry. We dont have conversations about how the broken food systems that we subsidize are making us sick. Hurting communities. Destroying our land. Polluting our rivers. And were not creating systems that really support health and well being. Not only that, even the farmers who work on the pig farms who are stuck in the contracts that just dont work for them and families. And so to me i dont understand how were silent about this going on. Im trying to do my best. I dont do well at it. Im trying to do my best to live in my values to think about the most powerful voting we do. All of us at citizens. Its how we vote with dollars. What we choose to buy and support. When it comes to food, this is why the innovations are so urgent. If were going to save the planet. The points we should be focusing on is not the healthcare system. I have very strong believes about medicaid and medicare. But really what we should be focusing on is food systems and focusing on preventive healthcare. And making sure people arent getting sick in the first place. Were just not doing a good job of that. So, senator, today, tonight. Tomorrow. 700 of the leader in this country are here. Companies loik purdue. That eliminated from the chicken. Etc. We have numerous of companies here in small innovative countries creating new food. Before i came here i stopped in at fat burger in los ang. That starting a few days ago got the delivery of impossible foods. And so it taste the same. It looks the same. It bleeds like a burger. Its kind of amazing. And its fantastic. But the movement is starting here and we appreciate your call of action sdwl. I appreciate the difference you are making as an american citizen through your foundation. We have had conversations for years. Walker said the most common way we give up power is not realizing we have it in the first place. We have the power to transform or community. Like the one lawyer in my life. Youre one of the people who is standing up using your power. To transform the nation. I believe theres nothing wrong with america as a leader before me said that cant be fixed with whats right with america. You give me hope. Thank you. Thank you. So, senator booker is also the poster boy of the vegen in america today. Sadly they have ve gan ice cream. Despite what people say about washington. Theres a lot of great friendships going on akros the aisle. The man coming up now who is in much better shape than i am. Even though he eats meat. And comes from state that doesnt have god football. As stanford. The truth of the matter is, truly one of the more honorable man in dc. Glad to see him here as well. So id like to call up senator sasse. If he could join us. Up here. Thank you, senator booker. Good to see you. Which side do you want . Youre in charge. Its your im usually on the right. Ill take the seat. Lets switch. I have to say, i think a lot of booker and were at events together often. I have never heard that 40 and 1,600. Thats good stuff. Nebraska is the Winningest Team in the last 50 years. Stanford is like 13th. But whatever. We were really good from 50 years ago to like 17 years ago. Were not counting anymore. See you, cory. Tell us to start about your day today. I had ugly flights last night. Im a farm kid by background. We dont complain. I did plane trains and automobiles over night. I have 16 yearold girl, 13 yearold girl. 6 yearold boy. We live in nebraska in a farm town an hour outside of omaha. And the family one of five people in the who has never been a politician before. I was elected in 2014. We do a family commute which were the only people who do that. Usually if youre the only person doing it youre a rookie and an idiot. Thats probably true. The family has been coming out here spring of 15, 16 sdp 7 for three months a year. And nine months i commute every week. 60 of the time i bring a kid with me. And i get home on friday night and my wife tells me who annoyed her most and they become my date for the next week. So, you have had quite an education. You probably have as many degrees as anyone in the room. Tell us your focus on education. What drove you. My moms way of saying it is im intellectually promiscuous and cant keep a job. I have a history of phd from yale. That means that you have like a 2. 2 chance of being employed again. So you shouldnt do that. Thats the first thing. Im a strategy consultant by background. Most work history is a little bit of private equity. I happen to i graduated under grad in 94. And the internet was blowing up. Sector after sector. And i quickly learned by accident, not i didnt have a theory. But the distinction between entrepreneurial management. I discovered inpatience is a virtue. Business after business i had a value to add as an entrepreneurial manager. I went into play places that were blowing up and turned out there was probably an infinite amount of work in three to 6 month turn around when the internet was going to destroy the business models. I wanted to have geographic anchor. There was stuff that i hadnt read and i wanted to read. I went to grad school by accident. I wanted to be competent to teach general exam. And teach survey courses. I never really was planning to be an academic. And then because of my turn around work history i end up becoming a College President fooi years before i ran for the senate. I think that the higher ed space, ill stop her. I give too much of a monologue. Higher ed is a sector that is right for just being completely blown upment we need lots more plural models of not just how we spend 18 to 24 yearold time. How we spend 40 and 45 and 50 yearold time. In a world where work duration average duration at a firm is going to get shorter for ever more in Human History. And create a world where 40 and 45 and 50 yearold are out of the job and affirm. Out of the entire industry and skill set. And never before have 45 and 50 yearolds really on a mass level got employed again. Thats were going to have to solve the problem of Lifelong Learning and no civilization has done that before. We need a mass pluralization of institutions. We need lots of different forms of higher ed. We have a group here today we have a group thats been assembled that are seeing that disintermediation in the medical area. Medical research, healthcare. Data. Sequencing the micro buy yoem and so on. How do you view the explosion of data disrupting various sectors including healthcare . What advice would you give . You are all perktss in the many sub fields that we sort of batch as healthcare. And really healthcare is the largest sector of u. S. Gdp. If you the big five. Hospitals, insurers, med device, med medical specialty and far ma. All five of you are sort of among the 12 to 15 Largest Industries in america. We need to think plural. The antidote that people from atlanta know one word for snow. And eskimos have 39 words for snow. Its probably not true. But i would say that big data needs to remake healthcare. And ultimately lots of the political debates that were having now, we pretend theyre about federal vs. State regulation. Or sort of level of Government Economic expenditure. At the Actual Health delivery moment. I think one of the ways to think about the fight were having is big data going reside in Silicon Valley or baltimore. And if its baltimore rkts its going tor really ugly. Were not going to get Higher Quality lower cost care fast enough. If baltimore owns the data. We need patients to own the data and Silicon Valley to serve patients and we need a decentralized approach to the way data pulls through all of your different sub sectors. Baltimore is a disaster shorthand. For east berlin 1976. Youre never going to solve the level of problems we need. If we think the federal government can own the data top down. I want to see data disrupt your sub sectors. We need to figure out a way to create data pulls. Not just data pushes. Its going to be too slow. Senator, one of the quotes i read by you. That was supposed to get applause. Im teasing. Senator, one of the quotes i read. It wasnt until i started to learn spanish that i understood english. I think thats what travels about. Tell us about that. I think the quotes at tributed to lots of people. One of them is louis who said a fish cant explain to you what water is like. Hes never not been in water. Fundamentally there are good reasons to learn foreign language. But the most basic reason is that you dont understand grammar and syntax and voe cab in your own language until you can get out and look back on it. Even you never learn use your spanish or your french or german. Or mandarin or latin. Knowing another language changes you. You now see the choices that english makes. Its a weird language. It has a german chas. And a french latin vocabulary. Thats a good blessing. We benefit in our culture from having language that has the benefits of german. Plural lang badges the vocabulary from romance languages. We need our kids to understand that a huge part of the what used to be the trif yum. Grammar, lodge irkgic, dialect rhetoric. Every field has a grammar. You need to learn basic facts. If you have kids that are four or six or eight. Theyre in the back of the car just babbling all the time. Theyre built to learn grammar. Once you learn your grammar you figure out how to put it together and wrestle and manufacture arguments. And then you go through puberty and your a romantic poet. And you want to tell stories about everything. And you think about presentation and separating from mom and the house old of origin. We need our kids to be able to think about almost every discipline that way. I use the trafl opportunity. Of the moment we live at. Think world is flat on speed. Middle class people across lt world can experience the whole world in ways that would have been inconceivable until a couple decades ago. Travel is a special way to think about learning empathy and comparative xy and z. We heard a lit m bit of that College President there. In that. Sorry, my bad. So, one of the issues. I didnt ask for money yet. Im ready. Feels like there are too many iphones rolling. Later. The theme this year for the Milken Institute has been meet building meaningful lives. One in six men have dropped out of the work force and not trying to get jobs today. One of the issues were going to address tomorrow is opioid. And 50 of those are on some drug. And twothirds of those are in opioid. When we go back to talking about school our college teches and hierarchy of needs. And what those levels are in the challenges for so many people at the bottom of the pyramid here. It made my think here of we mention nother quote. By senator sasse. One of the most basic things that makes you happy 80 think that your work matters i think this is the idea. How do people find a Meaningful Life . Life. What drove you in to talk about this issue . Yeah. So first of all well framed on getting from opioids back to sort of because i think that too often were chasing the tail on things that are largely symptomic. Theres really big and important problems to talk about how we got to the opioid crisis. With the potency of the stuff. Over prescribing it. Im glad you put it in this broader context. I have become a student Business Strategy by work history. Historian by training. I have never read a ton of social science. I did college economics. But i have become a student recently of the happiness literature. And sort of the mirror image of it is the loneliness and isolation. There is just an unbelievable amount of data over the last decade. About the basic things that drive human happiness. And not a real question for the audience. But rhetorical. How many variables go into the equation of whether or not you are happy. Four or five. The first time i was asked this question. Arthur brooks, has a book the conservative heart. Hes really into the happiness literature. The first time he asked about this i figure i guess the equation has 400 inputs. Its a leading question. Maybe its 80. Its four. Besides your dna. University of minnesota has a twins letture on 300 identical twins separated at birth. Half of wlorhether or not your happy is moms faults. Half is in the genes. Anything you can control, there are four availables. They are do you have a family, do you have friends, i dont mean senate friends. Actually cory really is my friend. But i dont mean the sort of my god frepd as youre about to rip somebodys head off in a debate. I dont mean social media friends. Facebook friends. I mean friends. Is there somebody who feels pain when youre hurting. Is there someone who takes pleasure when youre happy. Not because they choose to. But because they love you. Its the way we feel about our kid. When my kids are hurting. I hurt. Im not making a choice. Theyre just a part of me. Right. I ache. My 6 year old boy is flying on his bike and hes just smiling ear to ear. I look up at the sun and i feel my chest expand. Im happy. Real friendship. Number three do you have a philosophical to make sense of death and suffering. Were all hiding from it 97 of the time. Number four. By far the driver of happiness is meaningful work. The data is extraordinary on this. When you leave home on monday morning or whatever moment you begin the workweek. If you think that work. If yes, youre almost certainly going to be happy. If no, youre not going to be happy. Its extraordinary data. That having but do you have a sense of calling and meaning. If so, youre going to be happy. I think were going through one of arguably one of the biggest transformations in economic his history. Thoir historians job is be boring. Everything is mostly the same. Youre a narcissist and youre here. Thats why you think theres tons of change. Thats a historianing job. In this case, i really do believe were going through a transition from you had hunter gathers and the shift to ten thousand years ago. 150 plus years ago we had the shift. 86 of americans live and work on the farm at the end of the sieve war. 60 of americans lived in cities by the end of world war ii. 60 working in cities by 1940. Thats the third transition in economic history. What were going through now, i think. We dont have alphabets. It was disruptive. We dont know. This moment that were going through now is the biggest by this moment. I dont mean 2016 or 2008 kmek town turn. The last 20 years and the next 50 to 100. Were going through a world where most people had lifelong employment. For all of Human History past. Only industrialization brought specialization and job choice. What were going through now is the first multicareer lives and everybody is going to enter the world. What that means is you have multiple moments in life not just your add lens sense when you go through a disruption that may unsettle your work and may not find meaningful work again. This crisis of loneliness and isolation is about to the break dun of mediating institution and local community. Local community tracked with workplaces. And thats probably not going to be the case anymore. Were going to need 45 and 50 yearolds to find meaningful work again. No one in Human History has done that before. Were doomed if we dont solve the problem. Its a giant problem. We dont know how to talk about it. I think senator you have out lined [ applause ] you have out lined the issue. On why many of us are here. This is the search for Meaningful Life. A decade ago we put out a report called an enhealthy america. What really shocked me and it wasnt that america gained all this weight and we were the heaviest country and obesity was maybe the leading cause of medical cost. But the number one part of that was depression. And it was ab ten seism. And when we survey young people and i want to get to that area and closing here. They are very focussed on meaning and purpose. Not pay. When we survey people what is the most important thing about their jb . The answer is coworkers. Who are the people theyre working with today. I know you have studied so many of the issues. Ic i want to touch on the vanishing american adult for a moment. Tell us what drove you to write the book. So i became a College President eight years ago. It was leading the turn around. And i wasnt going there because i was primarily nobody thought i was an expert on student culture and affairs. We had a finance crisis and. Inside the student affair function. I found that six or 12 or 18 months. I was 37 at the time. You didnt know that no good deed goes unpunished when you took the job. That is true. Turns out thats app applicable in lots of domains. What i was losing sleep about was that i didnt think, en though i was 37. I was whatever 18, 19 years from having gone off to college myself. I didnt feel like i understood the incoming students to the school. Because of one difference. This is not a whats a matter with kids today kind of book. Its that we have a new thing developing amongst us and doept have categories to reflect on it. Its the emergence of the category. Add le sense. Is a great thing. Perpetual is a disaster. Lets start with the good thing. A concept thats only about two my len ya old. A greenhouse safe space between childhood and adulthood. Throughout most of Human History puberty defines the line between childhood and adulthood. You have to be become an adult in every way when your body is an adult. Thats what happened most places. If you dont have enough food and youre not sure you have enough storehouses and people might starve in the community. Or a neighboring tribe that wants to go to war, if you fwet an adult body youre need and had pressed into fulltime work. The distinction between childhood and adulthood is dependency. And the ability to be independent. You have to do it in every way. Morally you have to consider yourself fully formed. You cant reflect anymore after youre 13. Puberty now is 12, 13. Economically tough form your own household. You have to contribute. Household formation, marriage, prodraegs creation. School leaving. Fulltime working. Thats what happened at the moment you hit puberty. Adolescence is the idea we should take 18 months to four years where we take a safe space. These people are seven and eight years into adult bodies. The safe space muchlt as it was understood was were going to create space where just because you hit puberty you dont have to be done learning. You dont get pushed out of the nest completely. You dont have to duoto fulltime work. Wonderful things brekt the space. As long as we understand its a means to an end. Becoming an adult. It should not be your destiny. Peter pan tried to freshen it up and make it glorious. Peter pan is in hell. Hes 30. And hes killing people. And doesnt have memory. He lives in the moment. It is a bad thing to be stuck in a peter pan world. And we are accidently sort of consigning lots of our kids at 18 and 20 and 22 and 24. To still acting like their 13. Its increaseingly difficult to tell ten and 15 and 25 yearolds apart. I think the root of this is that were the richest people in all of Human History. And because of that we dont need our kids. I didnt mean to draw thi