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Gaslit for 400 years: Inside California's reparations committee


In summary
As California’s reparations committee embarks on a two-year process to study the harms of slavery and systemic racism, task force members will confront how a single state, which never formally sanctioned slavery, can make amends. During the first meeting, members openly grappled with whether reparations should mean direct payments or long-term investments, such as education and housing, to boost African American households.
For more than three decades, Black members of Congress have introduced legislation to study the lasting harms of slavery on African Americans, and propose remedies. Year after year, the federal proposal languished.
Now, California is going it alone. ....

United States , San Francisco , North Carolina , Rhode Island , South Africa , University Of San Diego , Duke University , Manhattan Beach , Don Tamaki , Kamilah Moore , Roy Brooks , Amos Brown , Kirsten Mullen , Reginald Jones Sawyer , Mifflin Gibbs , George Floyd , Gavin Newsom , Los Angeles , Steven Bradford , Peter Burnett , Shirley Weber , Jovan Scott Lewis , Us Congress , Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company , Sausalito Marin City School District , Staff Of The California Department Justice ,

California Reparations Committee Confronts Harms of Slavery, Debates Direct Payments


California Reparations Committee Confronts Harms of Slavery, Debates Direct Payments
Dr. Shirley Weber testifies during her confirmation hearing as Secretary of State on Jan. 26, 2021 in Sacramento. Photo by Anne Wernikoff, CalMatters
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For more than three decades, Black members of Congress have introduced legislation to study the lasting harms of slavery on African Americans, and propose remedies. Year after year, the federal proposal languished.
Now, California is going it alone.
This month, California’s first-in-the-nation task force to study reparations met for the first time, kicking off a two-year process to study the consequences of slavery and systemic racism against African Americans in California. ....

United States , San Francisco , North Carolina , Rhode Island , South Africa , University Of San Diego , Duke University , Manhattan Beach , Don Tamaki , Assemblymember Reginald Jones Sawyer , Kamilah Moore , Roy Brooks , Amos Brown , Kirsten Mullen , Reginald Jones Sawyer , Mifflin Gibbs , George Floyd , Gavin Newsom , Los Angeles , Steven Bradford , Peter Burnett , Shirley Weber , Jovan Scott Lewis , Us Congress , Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company , Sausalito Marin City School District ,

Black History in Canada until 1900 | The Canadian Encyclopedia


March 12, 2021
Black people have lived in Canada since the beginnings of transatlantic settlement. Although historically very few arrived directly from their ancestral homeland in Africa,
the term African Canadian is used to identify all descendants of Africa regardless of their place of birth. “Black Canadian” is also used as a more general term. The earliest arrivals were enslaved people brought from New England or the West Indies.
Between 1763 and 1900, most Black migrants to Canada were fleeing enslavement in the US. (See also Black Enslavement in Canada.)
Black people have lived in Canada since the beginnings of transatlantic settlement. Although historically very few arrived directly from their ancestral homeland in Africa, ....

United Kingdom , Sierra Leone , Salt Spring Island , British Columbia , United States , Trinidad And Tobago , Western Area , Owen Sound , City Of , Vancouver Island , West Indies , Trinidad And Tobago General , Nova Scotia , Olivier Le Jeune , William Hubbard , James Douglas , Mifflin Gibbs , Victoria City Council , British Parliament , Yale Convention , British Conquest , New England , New France , Black Enslavement , British North America , American Revolution ,