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Frontiers | Emergence of Dengue 4 as Dominant Serotype During 2017 Outbreak in South India and Associated Cytokine Expression Profile

Dengue virus infection is prevalent in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world, which is fatal if untreated symptomatically. Emergence of new genotype within serotypes led to enhanced severity. The objective of the study is to identify the molecular characteristics of the DENV circulated during 2017 outbreak in Tamil Nadu, India and, to investigate the role of inflammatory cytokines in different ‘serotypes’ and in ‘dengue severity’. A total of 135 suspected samples were tested for DENV infection using IgM, IgG and qPCR assay; where 76 samples were positive for DENV and analysed for twelve inflammatory cytokines using ELISA. Serotyping shows 14 DENV-1, 22 DENV-2, 7 DENV-3 and 33 DENV-4, where DENV-4 was predominant. Among seventy-six, forty-two isolates were successfully sequenced for C-prM region and grouped. A lineage shift was observed in DENV-4 genotype. Irrespective of serotypes, IFNγ was significantly elevated than control and in primary infection indicating its ro ....

United States , United Kingdom , New Delhi , Tamil Nadu , Sri Lanka , Republic Of , North Western , City Of , Andaman And Nicobar Islands , Saudi Arabia , Gonzalez Mateos , Flores Aguilar , Flavivirus Serocomplex Cross , Vellore Cecilia , Cladec Cecilia , Lakshmana Rao , Alwin Prem Anand , Andrea Wizenmann , Cruz Hernandez , Oswaldo Cruz , Gowri Sankar , Triuppur Alagarasu , Pondicherry Hoti , Waal Malefyt , Lopez Martinez , Nadu Manakkadan ,

Frontiers | Public–Private Mix Models of Tuberculosis Care in Pakistan: A High-Burden Country Perspective

Introduction: Pakistan ranks fifth in the globally estimated burden of Tuberculosis (TB) case incidence. Annually, a gap of 241,688 TB patients exists between estimated TB incidence and actual TB case notification in Pakistan. These undetected/missed TB cases initiate TB care from providers in the private healthcare system who are less motivated to notify patients to the national database that leads to significant under-detection of actual TB cases in the Pakistani community. To engage these private providers in reaching out to missing TB cases, a national implementation trial of the Public-Private Mix (PPM) model was cohesively launched by NTP Pakistan in 2014. The study aims to assess the implementation, contribution, and relative treatment outcomes of cohesively implemented PPM model in comparison to the non-PPM model. Methods: A retrospective record review of all forms (new and relapse) TB patients notified from July 2015 to June 2016 was conducted both for PPM- and non-PPM models ....

United States , France General , South Africa , North West Frontier , Jawa Timur , South African , Rabbani Sana , Coll Abbottabad , Asia Pacj Public Health , Program For Research , Research Unit , Quaidi Azam University Islamabad , Ministry Of National Services , Ethics Committee , Global Health Sci Prac , National Guidelines For The Control Of Tuberculosis , Public Health Action , National Health Accounts Pakistan , Data Surveillance Team , Health Policy Plan , World Health Organization , National Academies , Mediterr Health , National Tuberculosis Control Program Of Pakistan , Epidemiol Global Health , Public Health ,

Erfinderische Riesen: Wenn Elefanten mit ihrer Stimme spielen

Elefanten sind dazu in der Lage, ungewöhnliche Laute zu erfinden und voneinander zu lernen. Das haben Forscher der Universität Wien in einer aktuellen Studie herausgefunden. Das Imitieren, aber auch das Kreieren von neuen Lauten bildet eine der Grundlagen für die Entwicklung einer Sprache. ....

Developmenta Language , Explorer Of University Vienna , University Vienna , Her Strongly Agree , Creative Animals Huge , New Loud , Data Reception , Part Her , Data Set , Creative Elephants , Large Part , Africa Elephants , Guinea Pig , Voice Tapes , Animals Place , Language The Imitate , Whales Or Elephants , Hull Muscles , Supplementary Material , Original Publication , பல்கலைக்கழகம் வியன்னா , தகவல்கள் அமை , பெரியது பகுதி , கினியா பன்றி , குரல் நாடாக்கள் , துணை பொருள் ,

Frontiers | Challenges Faced by Healthcare Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Inquiry From Bangladesh

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused increasing challenges for healthcare professionals globally. However, there is a dearth of information about these challenges in many developing countries, including Bangladesh. This study aims to explore the challenges faced by healthcare professionals (Doctors and Nurses) during COVID-19 in Bangladesh. Methods: We conducted qualitative research among healthcare professionals of different hospitals and clinics in Khulna and Dhaka city of Bangladesh from May 2020 to August 2020. We conducted 15 in-depth telephone interviews using a snowball sampling technique. We used an in-depth interview guide as data were collected, audiotaped and transcribed. The data were analyzed both manually and using QDA Miner software as we used thematic analysis for this study. Results: Seven themes emerged from the study. Participants experienced higher workload, psychological distress, shortage of quality personal protective equipment ....

New York , United States , New Zealand , Az Arbayjane Sharqi , New Delhi , Kazi Anis Ahmed , Al Mamun , Boery Rnsd , Anjos Kfd , J Pharm Bioallied , Beverly Hills , Ciencia Saude Coletiva , National Health , Ethical Clearance Committee Of Khulna University , Indian Psychiatric Society , Asia Pacj Public Health , Mental Health Problems , Bangladesh National Health , Intj Environ Res Public Health , National Health Policy Of Bangladesh , Public Health , Lancet Child Adolescent Health , Health Serv Res , National Infectious Diseases , Asian World Psychiatric Association , Biswast Health ,

Frontiers | Ask the Locals: A Community-Informed Analysis of Perceived Marine Environment Quality Over Time in Palawan, Philippines

Despite the potentially huge contributions that coastal communities might make in marine resource management and sustainability, their participation in such efforts have only been recognized recently, particularly in Southeast Asia. Involving community perceptions can offer new insights for policy makers and resource managers and can elicit strong commitment and support from the communities themselves. This paper aims to understand perceptions of coastal communities of local environmental issues, specifically how these have developed over time, to understand expectations and perceptions of trends. Sixteen marine environmental issues were identified during stakeholder meetings in Palawan, Philippines. A co-developed survey was administered to 431 respondents from coastal communities in two municipalities (Taytay and Aborlan) and the city of Puerto Princesa in Palawan. The results show variation in perceptions and expectations between issues. We find that communities expect positive tren ....

France General , United Kingdom , Puerto Princesa , Apo Island , Negros Oriental , Hormozgan Province , Basse Normandie , Sri Lanka , Puerto Princesa City , Province Of Palawan , Fiji Islands , Fiji General , Pais Vasco , New York , United States , Roviana Lagoon , Solomon Islands General , Solomon Islands , Eastern Samar , Lake Tana , Cross River , Timur Sevincer , Bandar Abbas , Asia Pacificj Multidiscip , Mirza Esmaeili , Puerto Princesa Cohen ,