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Frontiers | Estimating Benefits of Nature-based Solutions: Diverging Values From Choice Experiments With Time or Money Payments

Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Nature-based solutions (NBS) provide a promising means to a climate resilient future. To guide investments in NBS, stated preference studies have become a common tool to evaluate the benefits of NBS in developing countries. Due to subsistence lifestyles and generally lower incomes, SP studies in developing countries increasingly use time payments as an alternative to the traditionally implemented money payments. It remains unclear, however, how time values should be converted into money values, how the payment affects willingness to pay (WTP) estimates, and how this influence varies across settings with different levels of market integration. We compare the results of choice experiments that use either time or money payments and that are implemented in urban and rural Ghana. The choice experiments target to value different NBS aimed at erosion prevention and other ecosystem service benefits a ....

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Yes, Virginia, unlike CAM, science-based medicine does change based on science

By oracknows
on August 2, 2013.
Alternative medicine, so-called complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), or, as it s become fashionable to call it, integrative medicine is a set of medical practices that are far more based on belief than science. As my good bud and collaborator Mark Crislip so pointedly reminded us last week, CAM is far more akin to religion than science-based medicine (SBM). However, as I ve discussed more times than I can remember over the years, both here and at my not-so-super-secret-other blog, CAM practitioners and advocates, despite practicing what is in reality mostly pseudoscience-based medicine, crave the imprimatur that science can provide, the respect that science has. That is why, no matter how scientifically implausible the treatment, CAM practitioners try to tart it up with science. I say tart it up because they aren t really providing a scientific basis for their favored quackery. In reality, what they are doin ....

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A Document Maven Looks at the Pfizer Vaccine Paper in the New England Journal of Medicine

By Lambert Strether of Corrente
As it turns out, I have narrow but deep expertise relevant to the discussion of the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) paper on the Pfizer vaccine study, “Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine” (“Safety and Efficacy”), so I thought I’d weigh in, albeit a little late, on the protocols and “exclusion criteria” discussion.
In a past life, several careers ago, I consulted to various large firms, among them medical publishers, on complex document structures; my deliverable would be a formal definition of such structures, plus documentation. For example, and without getting into the weeds on syntax, the structure of all posts at Naked Capitalism includes editorial elements like: a headline (one, required), author (at least one, with an optional bio), and then a long string of running text elements (paragraphs, images, tables, lists, and so on) in any order and any amount greater than one. There are also elemen ....

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Further Discussion of the Red Flags in the Pfizer Vaccine Paper in the New England Journal of Medicine

The European FDA equivalent is poised to issue an statement of approval for the Pfizer candidate next Monday and the Comission states that it will subject the approval to conditional but ultrafast commercialization procedures under pressure from German authorities now seeing, not overwhelming but high hospitalization and casualty numbers.
Rather than in the NEJM publication I wish that all statements by the Agency and issues are treated with the required transparency. We will see.
apleb
You cannot really have transparency if you need to be a fully accredited MD with virology or similar specialization.
We cannot all study for >10 years simply to understand some Pfizer very carefully massaged text, just like those MDs cannot actually understand how their new expensive gene sequencing machine actually works: lack of electrical engineering knowledge. ....

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