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Contrary to Previous Belief, Strike-Slip Faults Can Generate Large Tsunamis


Credit: Image courtesy of Costas Synolakis
On September 28, 2018, an inexplicably large tsunami devastated the Indonesian coastal city of Palu and several others nearby. Between the tsunami and the magnitude 7.5 earthquake that caused it, some 4,340 people were killed, making it the deadliest earthquake that year.
The tsunami’s waves reached around six meters high, which was a shock to geophysicists who had believed that earthquakes along a strike-slip fault could only trigger far smaller tsunamis for that particular region. Now, new research describes a mechanism for these large tsunamis to form, and suggests that other coastal cities that were thought to be safe from massive tsunamis may need to reevaluate their level of risk. ....

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New mathematical model predicts the spread of COVID-19


New mathematical model predicts the spread of COVID-19
Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory and the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) have developed a new mathematical model for predicting how epidemics such as COVID-19 spread.
This model not only accounts for individuals varying biological susceptibility to infection but also their levels of social activity, which naturally change over time. Using their model, the team showed that a temporary state of collective immunity which they termed transient collective immunity emerged during the early, fast-paced stages of the epidemic.
However, subsequent waves, or surges in the number of cases, are predicted to appear because of changing social behaviors due to pandemic fatigue or variations in imposed mitigations. Their results appeared online on April 8, 2021 in advance of publication in the ....

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COVID-19 peaks reflect time-dependent social activity, not herd immunity


Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory and the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) have developed a new mathematical model for predicting how epidemics such as COVID-19 spread. This model not only accounts for individuals’ varying biological susceptibility to infection but also their levels of social activity, which naturally change over time. Using their model, the team showed that a temporary state of collective immunity–which they termed “transient collective immunity”–emerged during the early, fast-paced stages of the epidemic. However, subsequent “waves,” or surges in the number of cases, are predicted to appear because of changing social behaviors due to pandemic fatigue or variations in imposed mitigations. Their results appeared online on April 8, 2021 in advance of publication in the Proceedings of the National ....

New York , United States , Brookhaven National Laboratory , University Of Illinois , City Of , United Kingdom , Sergei Maslov , Nigel Goldenfeld , Ahmed Elbanna , Donald Biggar Willett , Alexei Tkachenko , Computation Group , Imperial College , Carlr Woese Institute For Genomic Biology , Us Department Of Energy , Proceedings Of The National Academy Sciences , University Of Illinois Urbana Champaign , Biocomplexity Group , Illinois Urbana Champaign , National Academy , New York City , Functional Nanomaterials , Science User Facility , Bliss Faculty Scholar , Swanlund Professor , Genomic Biology ,

University of Illinois: Suppression of COVID-19 peaks reflect time-dependent social activity, not herd immunity


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Scientists developed a model showing that a fragile, temporary state of immunity emerged during the early epidemic but got destroyed as people changed their social behaviors over time, leading to future waves of infection
Scientists modeling the spread of COVID-19 showed that a temporary state of immunity
arises due to individual differences in social behaviors. This ‘transient collective immunity’ referring to when the susceptible or more social groups collectively have been infected&mdashgets destroyed as people modify their social behaviors over time. For example, someone who isolated in the early days of the epidemic may at some point renew their social networks, meeting with small groups or large crowds. ....

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