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Air Pollution Levels Depend On Drizzle Rates

Air Pollution Levels Depend On Drizzle Rates
Scientists from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Scripps Institution of Oceanography and international collaborators have shown that an improved representation of drizzle rates leads to more pollution in the atmosphere. The research appears in Nature Geoscience.
Atmospheric aerosols are of great climatic and environmental importance due to their effects on the Earth’s radiative energy balance and air quality. Aerosol concentrations are strongly influenced by rainfall through wet removal processes. In general, light rainfall is more effective at removing pollutants from the atmosphere than heavy rain. Global and regional climate models have been used to quantify potential impacts of aerosol concentrations on climate. However, most current climate models tend to produce too much light rain and too little heavy rain, which, in turn, underestimates the effects of aerosols on the climate. ....

Guang Zhang , Shaocheng Xie , Qi Tang , Us Environmental Protection Agency , Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Energy Exascale Earth System Model , Department Of Energy , Community Atmosphere Model , National Science Foundation , Scripps Institution Of Oceanography , Scripps Institution , Atmosphere Model , Cloud Associated Parameterizations Testbed , குவாங் ஜாங் , குய் டாங் , லாரன்ஸ் லிவர்மோர் தேசிய ஆய்வகம் , துறை ஆஃப் ஆற்றல் , சமூக வளிமண்டலம் மாதிரி , தேசிய அறிவியல் அடித்தளம் , ஸ்கிரிப்ட்கள் நிறுவனம் ஆஃப் கடல்சார்வியல் , ஸ்கிரிப்ட்கள் நிறுவனம் , வளிமண்டலம் மாதிரி ,

Reduced tropical cyclone densities and ocean effects due to anthropogenic greenhouse warming

2 and 4×CO
2 experiments are 100 years long. In response to instantaneous CO
2 doubling and quadrupling, global mean surface air temperatures increase toward the end of the simulations by 2.5° and 5.1°C (fig. S1A), whereas ocean temperatures increase by 1.8° and 3.8°C. The top of the atmosphere (TOA) radiation imbalance reduces from around 1 to 0.2 W m
−2 in the PD experiment (fig. S1B). Initially, there is a large radiation imbalance in response to greenhouse gas forcing, but it weakens gradually to around 1 W m
−2 in the 2×CO
2 and 2 W m
−2 in the 4×CO
2 experiments, indicating that the coupled system slowly approaches near-equilibrium conditions. However, we emphasize that a complete equilibration would take up to several hundred years. Global mean precipitation averaged over the last 20 years of the simulations increases by 3.8 and 7.1% for 2×CO ....

Community Ice Code , Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change , Community Atmosphere Model , Community Land Model , Community Earth System Model , Ocean Program , Earth System , Parallel Ocean Program , Intergovernmental Panel , Climate Change , North Atlantic , Rocky Mountains , North Pacific , Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial , சமூக பனி குறியீடு , இடை அரசு குழு ஆன் காலநிலை மாற்றம் , சமூக வளிமண்டலம் மாதிரி , சமூக நில மாதிரி , சமூக பூமி அமைப்பு மாதிரி , கடல் ப்ரோக்ர்யாம் , பூமி அமைப்பு , இணையாக கடல் ப்ரோக்ர்யாம் , இடை அரசு குழு , காலநிலை மாற்றம் , வடக்கு அட்லாண்டிக் , பாறை மலைகள் ,