Beyond the Nation-State from Boston Review. Sovereign states have been mythologized as the natural unit of political order. History shows how new they are and how we can think beyond them.
that president, but many people thought otherwise.
Howdy Doody was running for President of the Kids of America. Ballots were even printed on the end seals of loaves of Wonder Bread, a Howdy Doody sponsor, of course.
Who would dare run against Howdy Doody? Mr. X was kept a secret until the end of the election: Double Doodyâa body double of sorts for Howdy Doody. How could Howdy lose when Mr. X was promising 7 days of school, no ice cream and no comic books!
On June 7, 1948, Howdy even âflewâ to Portland, Oregon, to participate in primary elections. For the next hour, kids chuckled as Howdy reported his progress of the planeâs short-wave radio.
By Kristal Sotomayor
In order to understand the rich history of criminal reform work, up through the vivid stories of crime and punishment presented in the docuseries
Philly D.A., it is important to recognize Philadelphia’s origin story, as it were. This is by no means meant to reflect the entirety of Philadelphia’s complex history around criminal justice, but think of it as a primer on pivotal moments that lead to where we are now.
First, we’ll go
Philadelphia Political Activism Goes Way Back
The territory currently known as Philadelphia is on the ancestral land of the Lenni-Lenape indigenous people. It is estimated that the Lenape people occupied the area for almost 10,000 years prior to European colonization. In 1681, William Penn was granted a charter by King Charles II of England to colonize the land and form the colony of Pennsylvania. A year later, Penn arrived in what would become Philadelphia, and in 1683, the Lenape people signed their first treaty with the Qua