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by Max Maxfield Many of today’s electronic systems feature multiple printed circuit boards (PCBs) and/or modules. (For the remainder of this column, unless such interpretation is inconsistent with the context, we will assume the term “board” to embrace the term “module.”) Not surprisingly, the system’s designers often wish to pass data back and forth from board to board. Oftentimes, these inter-board signals involve relatively low-speed data transfer via general-purpose input/output (GPIO) pins or low-bandwidth serial interfaces like I2C (inter-integrated circuit) and I2S (integrated inter-IC sound bus). One solution is to use rigid-flex boards, which are hybrids between traditional rigid PCBs and flexible printed circuits (a.k.a. flex circuits), where the latter consist of a thin insulating polymer film with conductive traces printed on one or both sides (an additional thin polymer coating is subsequently applied to protect the conducti ....