The 2022 eruption of a submarine volcano in Tonga was more powerful than the largest U.S. nuclear explosion, according to a new study led by scientists at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science and the Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation.
When the volcanic ash and gases of the Toba Supervolcano exploded into the atmosphere, it partially blocked the sunlight and reduced the world's temperature down to 3.5 degrees, allowing disruption and famine in the ecosystem. A study suggests that the supereruption had not just caused attenuation of visible sunlight and cooling deceleration of the water cycle, but it also depleted the Earth's ozone layer.
Debris of the Toba supervolcano eruption cooled the climate and caused a significant depletion of Earth s protective ozone layer, a new study suggests.