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"Avian assemblages are maintained after aerial applications of ULV feni" by Paul Story and Kris French

Context: Risk assessments currently undertaken to approve pesticides for use against locusts in Australia are predominated by laboratory-generated data, often collected from non-endemic species. Very little information exists concerning the potential ecological effects of insecticides used for locust control. Aim: To determine the effect of aerial ultra-low volume (ULV) applications of the organophosphorous insecticide, fenitrothion (used for locust control), on avian assemblages in arid and semiarid agro-ecosystems. Methods: Avian abundance was surveyed in pesticide-exposed and unexposed locations during standard locust control operations, using fenitrothion, in western New South Wales and Queensland in the spring and summer of 1996, 1997 and 2000, using a transect-point method. Temporal changes in assemblages were analysed using multi-dimensional ordination (MDS) and permutational analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) with PRIMER (V7). Key results: Avian assemblages varied over time, inde ....

New South Wales , Australian Plague Locust , Bird Communities , Ecological Impact , Species Diversity , Species Richness ,

Protected areas slow declines unevenly across the tetrapod tree of life

Protected areas (PAs) are the primary strategy for slowing terrestrial biodiversity loss. Although expansion of PA coverage is prioritized under the Convention on Biological Diversity, it remains unknown whether PAs mitigate declines across the tetrapod tree of life and to what extent land cover and climate change modify PA effectiveness1,2. Here we analysed rates of change in abundance of 2,239 terrestrial vertebrate populations across the globe. On average, vertebrate populations declined five times more slowly within PAs (−0.4% per year) than at similar sites lacking protection (−1.8% per year). The mitigating effects of PAs varied both within and across vertebrate classes, with amphibians and birds experiencing the greatest benefits. The benefits of PAs were lower for amphibians in areas with converted land cover and lower for reptiles in areas with rapid climate warming. By contrast, the mitigating impacts of PAs were consistently augmented by effective national govern ....

United Kingdom , Costa Rica , City Of , World Bank , Research Working Paper No , Forest Resources Assessment , Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework , Biological Diversity , Conservation Strategies , Conservation Effectiveness , Planet Report , Biodiversity Loss , Living Planet , Climate Change , Individual Governance Indicators , Research Working Paper , Applied Hierarchical Modeling , Species Richness , Academic Press , Land Econ , World Database , Protected Areas , Conservation Measures , Change Biol , Analysis Using Regression , Hierarchical Models ,