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Investigating intentional cranial modification: A hybridized two-dimensional/three-dimensional study of the Hirota site, Tanegashima, Japan

Intentional cranial modification has a long history, being a ubiquitous practice in many cultures around the world for millennia. The crania excavated at the Hirota site on Tanegashima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan, has been previously noted to have a marked tendency toward a short head and a flattened occipital bone, which has been suggested to be the result of artificial cranial deformation. However, whether this deformation was intentional or caused by unintentional habits remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the cranial shape of the Hirota site to clarify whether the crania were intentionally modified. In the examination of Hirota crania, Kyushu Island Jomon and Doigahama Yayoi crania were added as comparative data and contrasted with three-dimensional (3D) surface scan imaging and two-dimensional outline-based geometric morphometric analysis, combined with objective assessments of potential cranial modification. The results showcased Hirota ....

United States , Japan General , Peterf Biehl , Doigahama Yayoi , Anna Prentiss , Qian Wang , University Of California Santa Cruz , University Of Montana , Kyushu University Museum Higashi Ward , Japan Society For The Promotion Of Science , Kyushu University Museum Database , Environmental Sciences At Liverpool John Moorers University , Kyushu University Museum , Department Of Anthropology , Ministry Of Education , Tanegashima Island , Kagoshima Prefecture , Kyushu Island Jomon , Murphym M , California Santa Cruz , Creative Commons Attribution License , Higashi Ward , Fukuoka City , Fukuoka Prefecture , Nara National Research Institute , Cultural Propertie ,

Raw material choices and technical practices as indices of cultural change: Characterizing obsidian consumption at 'Mycenaean' Quartier Nu, Malia (Crete)

This paper takes a practice-based approach to the study of cultural identity, focusing on how raw material and technical choices involved in the production of quotidian tools served to both reproduce, and reflect a social group’s very way of being. We then consider the (dis)continuity of obsidian blade-making traditions from Middle–Late Bronze Age Malia (north-central Crete), i.e., before and after a period of island-wide destructions, and appearance of foreign elements believed to reflect the arrival of a population from the Greek mainland (Mycenaeans). Methodologically this involves an integrated, ‘thick description’ obsidian characterisation study to detail long-term cultural traditions, including the use of Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) to source the raw materials of 36 artifacts. The results show a significant degree of continuity in the community’s lithic traditions, suggesting that many of the innovative features at Malia can be interpreted in t ....

Perifereia Peloponnisou , Perifereia Notiou Aigaiou , New York , United States , Perifereia Thessalias , Perifereia Kritis , Perifereia Voreiou Aigaiou , Nychia Adhamas , Peterf Biehl , Malia Crete , National Centre Of Scientific Research Demokritos , University Of New York , Institute For The Study Of Aegean Prehistory , Bradford University School Of Applied Physics , International Atomic Energy Agency , University At Buffalo , Late Bronze Age Malia , Neutron Activation Analysis , State University , Creative Commons Attribution License , Supporting Information , Aegean Prehistory , Eastern Mediterranean , Late Minoan , Bronze Age Crete , Late Bronze Ages ,