The monarchy has deftly marginalised Islamist parties through a mixture of intimidation and co-optation, The Parti de la Justice et du Développement (PJD) members of former Prime Minister Saad Eddine el Othmani s government suffered a string of policy humiliations as ministers aligned with King Mohammed VI (M6) s ruling Makhzen (establishment) reasserted their dominance of Moroccan politics a decade after political reforms in the wake of the Arab Spring demonstrations in 2011.