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Adults with both have higher risks of cardiovascular disease and death Although non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis are increasingly recognised globally,1 these terms were updated in June 2023 by an international consensus process to recognise metabolic dysfunction as the underlying cause of both and to remove the term fatty, which is considered stigmatising. Through a Delphi process including 236 panellists from different specialties across 56 countries, the term fatty liver disease was changed to steatotic liver disease, as an umbrella term to include all conditions with evidence of hepatic steatosis (a build-up of fat in the liver).2 Under the new nomenclature, NAFLD is now referred to as metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). In a linked paper predating the change in nomenclature, Kim and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj-2023-076388) aimed to resolve some of the current uncertainties about the influence of MASLD/NAFLD

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