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Most of Earth’s terrestrial habitats have lost their ecological integrity, including areas previously categorised as being intact.
Ecological integrity encompasses three measures of intactness. Habitat intactness is a measure of the extent to which people have made changes to the land, faunal intactness is a measure of the number of animal species lost from a habitat, and functional intactness measures the degree of functional densities of fauna, that is whether there are enough animals of individual species to effectively play their part in a functioning ecosystem.
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“We only find about two to three per cent of the Earth[’s land] is where you could be considered as having the same fauna and flora that you had 500 ago, in preindustrial times, before major human impacts had occurred,” says Andrew Plumptre, who is head of the Key Biodiversity Areas Secretariat, and an employee of BirdLife International in the UK. ....

United Kingdom , Kimberly Komatsu , Krista Charles , Andrew Plumptre , Serengeti National Park , Smithsonian Environmental Research Center , Birdlife International , Key Biodiversity Areas Secretariat , Global Change , Ndigenous Humans , ஒன்றுபட்டது கிஂக்டம் , கிம்‌பர்லீ கொமாட்ஸ்யூ , கிறிஸ்டா சார்லஸ் , ஸெரெஂகெடீ தேசிய பூங்கா , ஸ்மித்சோனியன் சுற்றுச்சூழல் ஆராய்ச்சி மையம் , பறவை வாழ்க்கை சர்வதேச , உலகளாவிய மாற்றம் ,