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"Cell Adhesion, Elasticity, and Rupture Forces Guide Microbial Cell Dea" by Louisa Z.Y. Huang, Z. L. Shaw et al.

Naturally occurring and synthetic nanostructured surfaces have been widely reported to resist microbial colonization. The majority of these studies have shown that both bacterial and fungal cells are killed upon contact and subsequent surface adhesion to such surfaces. This occurs because the presence of high-aspect-ratio structures can initiate a self-driven mechanical rupture of microbial cells during the surface adsorption process. While this technology has received a large amount of scientific and medical interest, one important question still remains: what factors drive microbial death on the surface? In this work, the interplay between microbial-surface adhesion, cell elasticity, cell membrane rupture forces, and cell lysis at the microbial-nanostructure biointerface during adsorptive processes was assessed using a combination of live confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, in situ amplitude atomic force microscopy, and single-cell force spectroscopy. Sp ....

Antibiotic Resistant ,

"In-situ heating observations on microstructure relaxation of ultrafine" by Megumi Kawasaki, Jae Kyung Han et al.

The thermal stability of ultrafine-grained metals can be fully understood when observing time-resolved microstructural changes over multiple-length scales. The global microstructural relaxation behavior upon heating of an ultrafine-grained (UFG) CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) was characterized by in-situ heating neutron diffraction measurements. Before heating, the nanocrystalline microstructure was introduced by applying high-pressure torsion (HPT), leading to severe lattice distortion by excess dislocations and defects. The sequential information on the structural relaxation of recovery, recrystallization, and grain growth are identified by in-situ heating neutron diffraction analysis defining the texture development, linear thermal lattice expansion, and stress relaxation behaviors of the UFG HEA with increasing temperature up to 1300K. By contrast, nanocrystalline metals processed by HPT are often inhomogeneous microstructurally and compositionally. The influence of such inhomog ....

High Pressure Torsion , Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy , Neutron Diffraction , X Ray Diffraction ,