The cave has been excavated many times and determined to be the oldest site in the country containing traces of ancient humans from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic period, from about 60,000 years to 7,000 BC.
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The Pleistocene archaeological record of mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA) is difficult to interpret, due to a sparsity of dated sites and a lithic record that is ill-suited to typological analysis. These challenges are compounded by the poorly constrained effects of tropical environments upon the deposition, preservation and degradation of archaeological cave sediments. These uncertainties restrict the interpretative potential of archaeological investigations, but the development of a rigorous, geoarchaeological framework of interpretation that is tailored to tropical cave sites offers an opportunity to improve research outcomes in MSEA and in tropical zones worldwide.
Con Moong Cave (henceforth CMC), a Pleistocene archaeological site in North Vietnam, provided a small-scale example with which to explore the effects of tropical conditions upon archaeological site formation processes, and the potential of micro-geoarchaeological methods to overcome the difficulties of site interpretation