Middle-East Arab News and Opinion - Asharq Al-Awsat is the world’s premier pan-Arab daily newspaper, printed simultaneously each day on four continents in 14 cities
These blocks, which mix the urine of astronauts with Martian soil, could end up being the crucial foundation of civilisation on the Red Planet. They are formed by mixing dust with urea, which is the primary component of urine, along with bacteria as well guar gum and nickel chloride. The resulting mixture looks like a
A biological approach coupled with a scalable casting method for bricks manufacturing presents a promising and highly sustainable potential route for in situ utilization of structural elements on extra-terrestrial habitats.