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Monarch butterfly: Facts about the iconic migratory insects Erin Banks Rusby With their bright orange hues and lengthy migration, monarch butterflies ( Danaus plexippus) are one of the world s most iconic insects. But their population has steadily dropped in recent decades as they face habitat loss and other threats. Monarch butterfly life cycle Monarchs go through four life stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. They can mate several times, sometimes for 16 hours at a time, after which the female immediately starts laying eggs on milkweed plants, according to Monarch Joint Venture (MJV), a non-profit partnership of organizations that facilitate monarch conservation. Monarch eggs are about the size of a pinhead and are football shaped, with vertical ridges, said Laura Lukens, the national monitoring coordinator for. The eggs are off-white to yellow in color. ....