Electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2RR) is an environmentally friendly approach to transform greenhouse gas CO2 to value-added chemical feedstocks and fuels. One of the most promising CO2RR products is formate with widespread commercial applications across chemical, food, and energy related industrials. An ideal high performing CO2 electrolyser to synthesis formate should operate stably with high formate conversion efficiencies, at high current densities and low voltage that meeting industrial technoeconomic requirements. Significant progresses have been achieved in the past decades in the development of advanced catalysts, electrolyte engineering, and electrolyser designs that improved overall CO2 electrolysis performance. In-depth fundamental understanding of electrocatalytic reaction mechanisms was achieved through advanced in-situ analytical techniques. Although lab-scale electrolysers are relatively well-developed, it is still not reaching maturity level for industrial formate manuf