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Biological control of pests continues to become more important in agriculture as pesticides are being withdrawn. However, successful control can be compromised by contemporary evolution. Recent work in New Zealand has shown that the once-successful biological control programme of the sexually-reproducing grassland weevil pest Listronotus bonariensis by the asexual parasitoid Microctonus hyperodae has now failed. In order to explain the mechanisms associated with this, weevil parasitism rates were intensively monitored between 1994 and 2019. Frequent sampling took place at widely-dispersed New Zealand sites spanning the warmer northern regions to the cooler south. Based on elapsed heat accumulation above the parasitoid’s development temperature threshold of 10.2oC (DD), the results over c. 25 years indicated that the extent of parasitism decline at a given location was directly related to the accumulated DD. The latter, in turn, was taken to be indicative of parasitoid activity and se ....