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Meet 5 of the Biggest Spiders in the World discovermagazine.com - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from discovermagazine.com Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.
Meet 5 of the Biggest Spiders in the World discovermagazine.com - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from discovermagazine.com Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.
The King Baboon spider, Pelinobius muticus, is a burrowing African tarantula. Its impressive size and appealing coloration are tempered by reports describing severe localized pain, swelling, itchiness, and muscle cramping after accidental envenomation. Hyperalgesia is the most prominent symptom after bites from P. muticus, but the molecular basis by which the venom induces pain is unknown. Proteotranscriptomic analysis of P. muticus venom uncovered a cysteine-rich peptide, δ/κ-theraphotoxin-Pm1a (δ/κ-TRTX-Pm1a), that elicited nocifensive behavior when injected into mice. In small dorsal root ganglion neurons, synthetic δ/κ-TRTX-Pm1a (sPm1a) induced hyperexcitability by enhancing tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium currents, impairing repolarization and lowering the threshold of action potential firing, consistent with the severe pain associated with envenomation. The molecular mechanism of nociceptor sensitization by sPm1a involves multimodal actions over several ion channel targets, i ....