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Atlantic cod habitat includes both sides of the north Atlantic Ocean and beyond. (Image: NOAA)
Overfishing likely did not cause the Atlantic cod, an iconic species, to evolve genetically and mature earlier, according to a study led by Rutgers University and the University of Oslo – the first of its kind – with major implications for ocean conservation. Evolution has been used in part as an excuse for why cod and other species have not recovered from overfishing, said first author Malin L. Pinsky, an associate professor in the Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources in the School of Environmental and Biological Sciences at Rutgers University–New Brunswick. Our findings suggest instead that more attention to reducing fishing and addressing other environmental changes, including climate change, will be important for allowing recovery. We can t use evolution as a scapegoat for avoiding the hard work that would allow cod to recover.
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IMAGE: Isotopic niches of the studied species of the genus Rossia: comparison among species and ontogenetic comparison within species. view more
Credit: Olga Zimina
Co-author from Kazan Federal University, Professor Rushan Sabirov explains, In ecosystems, two or more closely related species of organisms with similar ecology and morphological appearance often inhabit the same territory. These species are called sympatric. According to classical ecological theory, one of the species will lose out in competition and eventually die out. In reality, closely related sympatric species coexist successfully for a long time. It is very important to understand how the division of resources and favorable biotope sites between sympatric species in the Arctic occurs, because Arctic ecosystems are extremely susceptible to external influences.