Energy demand and supply shortages are major energy policy concerns for energy security and growth of developing economies. This study, therefore, examines the energy security and economic growth nexus of 14 non-OECD Asia countries (located in the SAARC and ASEAN regions) for the period 1996 to 2019. We estimate five different energy security measures for non-renewable energy sources to empirically investigate this nexus. These energy security measures focus on the energy availability, developability and accessibility dimensions. We employ the Panel corrected standard error (PCSE) estimator to investigate the influence of energy security indicators on growth. For robustness testing, alternative estimation methods are applied in investigating this relationship. We also assess the moderating effect of six institutional quality variables to explore the detrimental effect of energy security indicators on economic growth. The endogeneity problem is addressed by employing the panel system Ge
The reduction of economic inequality in the world may aggravate environmental problems and accelerate the processes of global climate change, believe the UrFU economists with colleagues from other universities. Scientists assure that the growth of th
The concerns about the contradiction between agricultural production and Agricultural Non-Point (ANPS) pollution has become increased with economic development in China. Government interventions are key to controlling ANPS pollution through the establishment of laws and policies. This paper uses the entropy method to calculate the emissions amount of ANPS pollution and policy strength of 31 provinces from 2010 to 2019 in China. The dynamic panel data model with system generalized moment is used to estimate the impacts of policies with different measures on ANPS pollution emission. According to our findings, China’s policies have been helpful in controlling ANPS pollution though there are important regional differences. Moreover, four types of policy measures all contribute to the reduction in ANPS pollution. These findings improve our understanding of the relationship between policies and ANPS pollution in the analyzed period, thus providing support for the formulation of pol
This study is inspired by the motivation to investigate the theoretical relevance of dividend policy, firm size and share price of top businesses at Bursa Malaysia. Within the bird-in-hand theory on dividend and market share profitability hypothesis, this research adopts the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) as an estimating model exploiting yearly data from 2015 through 2020. The empirical results from GMM clearly show that dividend per share (DPS) and size (as proxied by sales) do influence the performance (as proxied by closing share price) of the selected companies across the different sectors. As such, the dividend hypothesis and size are relevant in explaining changes in share values. Although DPS is our control variable, size does have a significant positive impact on a firm's success. However, the lag-closing price variable demonstrates otherwise. In a nutshell, the empirical evidence from this study reveals a breach of the Efficient Market Hypothesis which suggests that
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