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Combined X-ray surveys and supercomputer simulations track 12 billion years of cosmic black-hole growth

By combining forefront X-ray observations with state-of-the-art supercomputer simulations of the buildup of galaxies over cosmic history, researchers have provided the best modeling to date of the growth of the supermassive black holes found in the centers of galaxies. Using this hybrid approach, a research team led by Penn State astronomers has derived a complete picture of black-hole growth over 12 billion years, from the universe s infancy at around 1.8 billion years old to now at 13.8 billion years old. ....

United States , Guang Yang , Elena Gallo , Nahks Trehnl Penn , W Niel Brandt , F Zou Penn , Yongquan Xue , Newton Xmm , Zhibo Yu , Technology Of China , University Of Michigan , University Of Science , Bin Luo At Nanjing University , Max Planck Institute For Extraterrestrial Physics , Max Planck Institute For Extraterrestrial Physic , University Of Groningen , Monona Terrace Convention Center , European Space Agencyx Ray Multi , American Astronomical Society , Penn State , Nahks Trehnl , Astrophysical Journal , Fan Zou , Eberly Family Chair Professor , X Ray Observatory , European Space Agency ,

Planet-forming disks around very low-mass stars are different

Using the James Webb Space Telescope, a team of astronomers studied the properties of a planet-forming disk around a young and very low-mass star. The results reveal the richest hydrocarbon composition seen to date in a protoplanetary disk, including the first extrasolar detection of ethane and a relatively low abundance of oxygen-bearing species. By including previous similar detections, this finding confirms a trend of disks around very low-mass stars to be chemically distinct from those around more massive stars like the Sun, influencing the atmospheres of planets forming there. ....

United Kingdom , Baden Wüberg , France General , Jeroen Bouwman , Inga Kamp Groningen , Giulia Perotti , Inga Kamp , Silvia Scheithauer , Carl Zeiss Optronics , Thomas Henning , Agnes Perrin Laboratoire , Aditya Arabhavi , Riccardo Franceschi , Matthias Samland , Kamber Schwartz , German Aerospace Center , European Space Agency , Ewine Van Dishoeck Leiden University , Aditya Arabhavi University Of Groningen , Canadian Space Agency , University Of Cologne , Max Planck Institute For Extraterrestrial Physics , University Of Groningen , Valentin Christiaens University Of Liege , Max Planck Society , Max Planck Institute For Astronomy ,

First pictures from Euclid satellite reveal billions of orphan stars

The first scientific pictures from the Euclid satellite mission have revealed more than 1,500 billion orphan stars scattered throughout the Perseus cluster of galaxies. ....

Mireia Montes , Matthias Kluge , University Of Nottingham , Institute Of Astrophysics , Nina Hatch , Jesse Golden Marx , Extraterrestrial Physics , Canary Islands , Hubble Space Telescope ,