braun, latinn american historian here at the university of texas. it gives me great pleasure to have read these papers and now meet the gentleman who have written these papers. i worked on the 1960 s. i see certain similarities and what is going on in the 1960 s with that which transpired between the united states and latin america in the 1980 s as well any papers. what we would like to do is i contestantsce the excuse me, the presenters. we are going to have the two papers on central america first. then we will turn our attention to south america because it is two different things. south america is dealing with the end of military governments, long-term military governments. then there is this act of newly installed leftist revolution in nicaragua that will take up our attention. we will do that first. then we will follow along with on southn the america. thatis interesting here is we have papers that are based upon u.s. sources and also based upon sources from latin ame
might expect to help them. but then the side effects of the radiation will be the side effects of the cancer, and the department of defense wasn t particularly interested in the effects of radiation on people with metastatic cancer, they wanted to know what the effects of radiation were on a healthy 23-year-old pilot. and that could be best studied by irradiating people whose karch cancers were not going to respond to the radiation. most of the patients who were irradiated were poor. most of the patients who were irradiated were african-american. all of them had cancer. some of them weren t all that sick. some of them were still ambulatory, some of them were still going to work. the radiation had some pretty serious effects. out of the 90 people who were irradiated, 21 of them were dead within a month. and here s what s there are many things bothersome about this. we know that when you irradiate people, they have side effects. you can get nauseated, you can get very nauseat
kagan s article and in the new republic of he s a well-known intellectual. maybe that s why he got it in the new republic. other people can write a counter view. if we re unhappy with the exceptional view of triumphalism, that s what we historians should try to do without getting caught in our own ideological biases, i would suggest. i m going to make half the panel feel old. i was in high school, i was a freshman when the wall fell. sorry. at least you weren t there when the wall went up. i don t know where my parents were. let me play the role of splitter you suggested there was a contrast. you can say on the whop happened those that tried to stand against the crowds with violence, then sort of succeeded, but those who acceded to the crowd, kind of their regions went away. where do we put romania in that? i think the roamanians like to be different. i think we have to put them in a third category because we should raoul that ceausescu did not have the opportunity to
conference, but you need something to tie the room together. why don t you have a leading scholar come in and present a manuscript in progress and really bring some of the leading scholars and practitioners who can critique that manuscript before it is too late? we have all been there when our book has come out and you participate in a panel and people always say, you should have done this, you should have done that. today, we do have one of the world s leading scholars, jeff engel, who i will say a word about first. jeff is presenting his manuscript very much in progress. the title is when the world seemed new: george h.w. bush and . e end of the cold war an associate professor of history and the director of the center for presidential history at southern methodist university. he is the author of numerous books. includehe most recent into the desert and the fall of the berlin wall. and we are really fortunate to have jeff with us. he is going to say a few words about hi
when the weapon was found, it still had green marks from the branch and they were able to find exactly where he had the branch on. a few years ago, for the 50th anniversary of the freedom riders, they had a reunion here in town, and one of the gentleman that came into town this is his bus tickets he had carried with him all these years. it is also the receipt he received for getting out of jail. he was arrested with all the other freedom riders that came into town for a breach of peace. it meant so much to him he carried them with him all these years. he was from san francisco. he came as an 18-year-old student because he wanted to make a change. the impact it had. to immediately arrive here in jackson and the throw to in jail, for trying to improve society. you can tell when he gave it to us, this held a deep lays in his a deep place in his heart. the freedom riders consisted of hundreds of different people from across the country, all of the african-americans, as well a