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Establishing reaction networks in the 16-electron sulfur reduction reaction

The sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) plays a central role in high-capacity lithium sulfur (Li-S) batteries. The SRR involves an intricate, 16-electron conversion process featuring multiple lithium polysulfide intermediates and reaction branches1–3. Establishing the complex reaction network is essential for rational tailoring of the SRR for improved Li-S batteries, but represents a daunting challenge4–6. Herein we systematically investigate the electrocatalytic SRR to decipher its network using the nitrogen, sulfur, dual-doped holey graphene framework as a model electrode to understand the role of electrocatalysts in acceleration of conversion kinetics. Combining cyclic voltammetry, in situ Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations, we identify and directly profile the key intermediates (S8, Li2S8, Li2S6, Li2S4 and Li2S) at varying potentials and elucidate their conversion pathways. Li2S4 and Li2S6 were predominantly observed, in which Li2S4 represents the ....

Edn Engl , Nano Lett , J Energy Chem , Energy Fuels , Energy Mater , Energy Environ , Energy Chem ,

Multifunctional ytterbium oxide buffer for perovskite solar cells

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) comprise a solid perovskite absorber sandwiched between several layers of different charge-selective materials, ensuring unidirectional current flow and high voltage output of the devices1,2. A ‘buffer material’ between the electron-selective layer and the metal electrode in p-type/intrinsic/n-type (p-i-n) PSCs (also known as inverted PSCs) enables electrons to flow from the electron-selective layer to the electrode3–5. Furthermore, it acts as a barrier inhibiting the inter-diffusion of harmful species into or degradation products out of the perovskite absorber6–8. Thus far, evaporable organic molecules9,10 and atomic-layer-deposited metal oxides11,12 have been successful, but each has specific imperfections. Here we report a chemically stable and multifunctional buffer material, ytterbium oxide (YbOx), for p-i-n PSCs by scalable thermal evaporation deposition. We used this YbOx buffer in the p-i-n PSCs with a narrow-bandgap perovsk ....

Energy Environ , Energy Lett , Energy Mater ,

Perovskite Solar Cells' Efficiency Boosted in Breakthrough Research

Perovskite Solar Cells' Efficiency Boosted in Breakthrough Research
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South Korea , Yeon Jang , Muhibullah Al Mubarok , Rashmi Mehrotra , Yuri Choi , Ji Wook Jang , Jungki Ryu , Us Department Of Energy , School Of Energy , Korea University , Energy Mater , Energy Materials On , National Research Foundation Of Korea , Ministry Of Science , Chemical Engineering , Professors Sung Yeon Jang , Professor Sang Kyu Kwak , Advanced Energy Materials , National Research Foundation ,

High-transparency clear window-based agrivoltaics

At present, widespread energy innovations in terms of optimizing both the on-site distributed energy generation and the energy use intensity are urgently required in the built environment and in agricultural production facilities. ....

Western Australia , United States , Victron Smartsolar , Chengdao Li , David Goodfield , Mikhail Vasiliev , Victor Rosenberg , Jamie Lyford , Energy Rev , Murdoch University Perth , Murdoch University Solar Greenhouse Building , Murdoch University Solar Greenhouse Perth , Murdoch University Greenhouse Grow , University Of Melbourne , Energy Information Administration , Edith Cowan University , Murdoch University Solar Greenhouse , Energy Technol , Murdoch University Greenhouse , Energy Mater , Energy Res , Murdoch University Solar Greenhouse Fig , Murdoch University , International Energy Outlook , Solar Energy , Clearvue Technologies ,

Electroreduction of nitrogen with almost 100% current-to-ammonia efficiency

In addition to its use in the fertilizer and chemical industries1, ammonia is currently seen as a potential replacement for carbon-based fuels and as a carrier for worldwide transportation of renewable energy2. Implementation of this vision requires transformation of the existing fossil-fuel-based technology for NH3 production3 to a simpler, scale-flexible technology, such as the electrochemical lithium-mediated nitrogen-reduction reaction3,4. This provides a genuine pathway from N2 to ammonia, but it is currently hampered by limited yield rates and low efficiencies4–12. Here we investigate the role of the electrolyte in this reaction and present a high-efficiency, robust process that is enabled by compact ionic layering in the electrode–electrolyte interface region. The interface is generated by a high-concentration imide-based lithium-salt electrolyte, providing stabilized ammonia yield rates of 150 ± 20 nmol s−1 cm−2 and a c ....

Energy Mater , Energy Environ , S Energy Environ , Energy Lett , Electrochemical Methods , John Wiley , Power Sources ,