Research into the deep biosphere requires an understanding of both the microbial community at a given site and the geochemical and hydrological factors that support that microbial community. To highlight the interplay between geochemistry and microbiology in these deep environments, we characterized the hydrogeologic and geochemical systems of a 2.7 Ga banded iron formation within the Canadian Shield in the Soudan Underground Mine State Park in Minnesota, USA, a site known to host a lithotrophic microbial community. Calcium-sodium-chloride brines, characteristic of deep groundwaters throughout the Canadian Shield, were found in the site with total dissolved solids as high as 116,000 ppm in one borehole. Comparison of the Soudan waters to those found at other sites in the Canadian Shield or other sites of deep biosphere research indicate that they are notable for their high magnesium concentrations relative to total salinity. Additionally, the most saline Soudan waters have distinct 2H
systems in the space port. mayor ben of cocoa beach is joining us. just a day ago, mandatory evacuation orders went out for part of the state, i know, to take effect tomorrow morning. are you breathing a tentative sigh of relief given the latest forecast showing dorian s track has shifted. yes, ana, thank you very much. actually, we are, unfortunately the vents are not static and despite the fact we launch rockets here literally including weather satellite, we still don t know as you ve seen this thing has shifted all over the place. we re certainly thankful for the east drift, and we ll be happy if it just continues moving that way. you have been the mayor there since 2016 and just a couple of years ago you saw your city hall, your police station get devastated by hurricane irma and the damage to just those couple of billions was an estimated million dollars. what worries you the most about a storm like dorian? the good part is that it shifted east, the bad part is
described there are measures that are opening up down on the east drift i believe that at the meeting tonight in the whole there had been somewhere between six and eight active scissors that had opened up in the last twenty four hours you know the last time something like this happened in hawaii was in one nine hundred fifty five in that particular event lasted about three months so they want everybody to understand that this is something that s going to be intense it could shut off tomorrow or it could last for a really long time so everybody really just needs to make the proper preparations whatever that means teacher that sports news now and after the penultimate round of masses in the bundesliga hamburg are still in grave danger of being relegated after losing three nails to frankfurt while spurs are also in trouble after a heavy defeat in life seiberg are not safe yet they went down to gladbach and minds have secured their place in the bundesliga they shocked autumn and shaka are
today they got a little bit fewer and we got some massive ones like a six point nine that was just described there are fissures that are opening up down on the east drift i believe that at the meeting tonight and behold there had been somewhere between six and eight act decisions that had opened up in the last twenty four hours that you know the last time something like this happened in hawaii was in one nine hundred fifty five and that particular event lasted about three months long so they want everybody to understand that this is something that s going to be intense if it s shut off tomorrow or it could last for a really long time and so everybody really just needs to make the proper preparations whatever that means to each of them. to sports now and after the penalty met round of matches in the bundesliga here in germany hamburg are still in grave danger of being relegated after losing three nil to frankfurt all further also in trouble after a heavy defeat in leipzig four one freib
hawaii and right now we are going through a period of time where we just went through massive swelling of the volcano and it s starting to release some of the energy in the last couple days what we ve seen is lots and lots of earthquakes i think in the last three to four days there s been well over a thousand and in the last couple days in particular they ve gotten more intense today they got a little bit you were and we got some massive ones like a six point nine that was just described there are pictures that are opening up down on the east drift i believe that at the meeting tonight and behold there had been somewhere between six and eight act decisions that had opened up in the last twenty four hours that you know the last time something like this happened in hawaii was in one nine hundred fifty five and that particular event lasted about three months long so they want everybody to understand that this is something that s going to be intense it could shut off tomorrow s work it las