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/PRNewswire/ The Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE) and InSilicoTrials are pleased to announce a significant milestone in their collaborative. ....
In preliminary engineering studies and equipment commissioning, readily available simulants with certain resemblances to the target waste, such as particle size, may be employed. However, for the validation of engineering processes, it is crucial to use simulants that closely replicate the physical and flow characteristics of the waste material, typically excluding radioactivity. The production of such simulants can entail significant costs. To facilitate the development of novel engineering solutions, the U.S. Department of Energy provided a nonradioactive alumina calcine simulant. This simulant was utilized to demonstrate a hot isostatic press (HIP) canister-filling system designed by Gravitas Technologies in Australia. The simulant was synthesized through a fluidized-bed calcination process, which mirrored the chemistry and procedure employed for the actual alumina Idaho calcine waste material. Consequently, the simulant exhibited physical properties akin to the actual calcine, incl ....
The oil and gas industry, particularly in transportation and production, heavily relies on pipeline systems. It is an inevitable fact that petroleum products, such as oil and gas, extracted from wells always contain solid pollutants originating from various sources like dust, sand, and hydraulic fracturing operations. During operation, solid particles carried by the fluid flow continuously impact the pipeline walls, potentially leading to significant cumulative damage over time on the surfaces of the pipeline, fittings (elbows), or production equipment, gradually removing material from these surfaces. This phenomenon is known as solid particle erosion, which can have severe consequences. In the event of a severe failure, the production process is halted, necessitating a shutdown for maintenance operations. In recent years, numerical simulations have gained recognition as an efficient approach for studying physical mechanisms and providing support for experimental methods. They can b ....
This paper investigates the strength and critical state (CS) behaviours of granular materials via DEM simulations of true triaxial drained tests under three different loading modes including constant b (intermediate stress ratio) tests with constant σ1′ (major principal stress), constant p′ (mean pressure) and constant σ3′ (minor principal stress) respectively. To this end, a series of samples are generated with the same particle size distribution, and with the confining stresses ranging from 100 kPa to 900 kPa. The CS is achieved for all samples. Both the macroscopic behaviours and the microscopic behaviours are examined and compared considering different loading modes, confining stresses and intermediate stress ratios (b). The critical state lines (CSLs) are found to be unique and independent of the loading modes, but dependent on the b values. The CSLs with b=0 and b=1 form the two boundaries of CSLs respectively beyond which CSLs under all other b tests cannot go beyond. Si ....