n = 1109) subsets. (
+CD4
− T cells in each patient. (
D) GO-based analysis illustrating enrichment of pathways observed in each of the four distinct CD4 clusters. (
E) Bubble plot of the top 30 up-regulated genes in the CD4 Cytolytic cluster. (
F) Violin plots showing the distribution of gene expression levels for selected cytolysis related and master transcription factor genes across the four CD4 T cell clusters (regulatory in gray, memory in green, cytolytic in blue, and cycling in yellow) as compared to tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells (in light blue). Statistical power was assessed using Wilcoxon test for violin plot graphs.
Further, gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of the gene signature of each cluster supported the distinct role of these CD4 T cell populations (Fig. 1D). The