Spinal cord stimulation is commonly used for complex pain or spinal cord surgery, but research shows no reduction in opioid use, high costs and complication rates compared with conventional medical therapy.
A strong placebo response may be largely responsible for the significant pain reduction observed in clinical trials of cannabis-based therapies, results of a new meta-analysis suggest.
A large survey of medical cannabis users with chronic pain and mental health issues shows improvement in health and functioning and reduced opioid use.