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Star Factories Haven t Changed Much Over the Entire Age of the Universe

How different was the early Universe compared to today? Stars are the Universe's basic building blocks. Did they form differently back then?

United statesChikako yasuiAdam block steward observatory university of arizonaNational astronomical observatory of japanJames webb space telescopeUniverse todayMilky wayAssistant professorNational astronomical observatorySubaru telescopeYoung clusterTaurus giant molecular cloudAdam blockImage creditInitial mass function

Survey of star masses in early universe analog shows distribution is not radically different from present day clusters

Survey of star masses in early universe analog shows distribution is not radically different from present day clusters
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Chikako yasuiNational astronomical observatory of japanMilky wayAssistant professorNational astronomical observatorySubaru telescopeYoung clusterAstrophysical journalMass function

Sensing suns

Credit: © 2021 Andrew Klinger Red supergiants are a class of star that end their lives in supernova explosions. Their lifecycles are not fully understood, partly due to difficulties in measuring their temperatures. For the first time, astronomers develop an accurate method to determine the surface temperatures of red supergiants. Stars come in a wide range of sizes, masses and compositions. Our sun is considered a relatively small specimen, especially when compared to something like Betelgeuse which is known as a red supergiant. Red supergiants are stars over nine times the mass of our sun, and all this mass means that when they die they do so with extreme ferocity in an enormous explosion known as a supernova, in particular what is known as a Type-II supernova.

Bunkyo kuKei fukueNaoto kobayashiKeiichi takenakaRohan mehraShogo otsuboSohei kondoMingjie jianChikako yasuiSatoshi hamanoDaisuke taniguchiYuji ikedaNoriyuki matsunagaHiroaki sameshimaHideyo kawakitaInstitute of astronomy