Increasing salt production and use is shifting the natural balances of salt ions across Earth systems, causing interrelated effects across biophysical systems collectively known as freshwater salinization syndrome. In this Review, we conceptualize the natural salt cycle and synthesize increasing global trends of salt production and riverine salt concentrations and fluxes. The natural salt cycle is primarily driven by relatively slow geologic and hydrologic processes that bring different salts to the surface of the Earth. Anthropogenic activities have accelerated the processes, timescales and magnitudes of salt fluxes and altered their directionality, creating an anthropogenic salt cycle. Global salt production has increased rapidly over the past century for different salts, with approximately 300 Mt of NaCl produced per year. A salt budget for the USA suggests that salt fluxes in rivers can be within similar orders of magnitude as anthropogenic salt fluxes, and there can
Peru s mango seeks to diversify its markets
In an interview, Cesar Morocho Marchan, a member of the NMB Council and current president of the Peruvian Association of Mango Producers and Exporters, spoke about the work carried out by the National Mango Board, a fundamental entity established to promote the consumption of mangoes in the United States.
Morocho Marchan is a specialist in the production and marketing of mangoes with a broad professional background. He managed the Association of Small Producers of Mango of Alto Piura (APROMALPI) between 2005 and 2008, and afterward the Piura s Organic Banana Producer Central (CEPIBO), both under the Fair Trade seal.