>> woodruff: good evening. i'm judy woodruff on the newshourhis friday, two g stories: he massacre at the fort hood army base. >> this is a ugh one. itis inside, it's a kick in th gut, no doubt aut it. >>woodruff: kwame holman has the latest the investigation. ray suarez reports on the alleged shooter's ckground. then, the jobss rate jumps abov10%. jeffrey browhas details. and paul solman loo at the life of the freelanc in tough economic tes. ao tonight, congress moves toard an historic vote on health care refm. betty ann boer interviews hse members. and margaret warner repor from kabul, where she's talked with afgns about their election and the debate in the u.s. ove nding more troops. major funding for thnewshour with jimehrer is provided by: >> this is the engine at connects abundant graifrom the american heartland to ran's best selling whole wheat,hile keeping 60 billiopounds of rbon out of the atmosphere everyear. bnsf, t engine that connects us. is is the power of human energy. and monsanto. grant thornton. and by yota. and by the alfred p. slan foundation. supporting science, technoly, and improved economic perrmance and financial literacy in the 21st ceury. and with e ongoing support of these institutio and undations. and... is program was made possible by the corpotion for publibroadcasting. and by coributions to your pbs station from viewers likeou. thk you. >> woodwa: we begin with tended coverage of the two leading stories othe day: the massacre afort hood, texas, and the natios rising unemploent rate. first, fort hod: the casualties stood toy at 13 dead, 3wounded. all butwo remained spitalized, and doctors sa some had "extremely serious injuries". newshour correspondent kme holman begins our ld story report on the afrmath and the iestigation. >> repter: from the moment the gun fireaded, investigators have focusedn the how and why. but so far,here've been no answers from the accused gunma 39-year old army psychiatst, major nidalalik hasan. initial reports said he been killed in the shting yesterday, but it turned t he survived. >> lonel john rossi: "in the het of the incident, it was a lot of confusion. the was approximatelybout 400 people at the sce between soldiers, ciilians and first responders. obvious numerous wounded, some killed. >> reporter: today, han rained in a coma, still on a ventilator. while his motive remained a mystery, offials focused on reports hasanad been upset over an impding deployment to iraq or afghistan. lastight, authorities raided his apartment cplex, looking for clues. th reportedly seized his computer. a neibor said he had cleaned out the place in recent ys, even ging away a copy of the koran. and sueillance video obtained by c.n. showed hasan early sterday morning, dressed in traditional garfor arab men, at a lcal convenience store. attention. plee shelter immediately. >>eporter: just 7 hours later, the army said, han opened re at a soldier readiness cent, where troops see doors prior to gog overseas. witnesses said shouted "allahu akbar!", an arabic phrase forgod is great!" and he fired a handgun againnd again. soldiers scrambled for cor and blocked the dos to an adjacent colle graduation, keeping 600 other people out ofarms way. >> "next thing you knowt, someone stood up in iform, and started to unload a wean. he realized it was serious wen we started seeg blood evewhere. >> reporter: oncthe shooting started, local police were the scene in 3 minutes. officer kimberly munley, fst on the scene,onfronted the guan and shot him four times. she was wounded iturn, and was listed in stable ndition today. the atta struck at the heart of fortood, the largest u.s. military base in the rld and home to 50,000 military personnel antheir families. general george casey, ary chief f staff, flew to the base today, and praised the wathe troops d responded. >> i talked to a ung private, whwas sitting in his pickup trk in the parking lot, who heard gunshot went back after his buddie >> reporr: but there was also fear, as many had to wait hrs to hear from tir loved ones iide the base. >> "and when answered the phone i heard little static in the backound and i said jordan d he said 'yes ma'am', and was lika weight was lifted off my shoulds." >> reporter:or some soldiers and their families bases around the countrynd the world, the attack was a ki of betrayal. >>e're not fighting a war with each other, we're fighti a war over ther >> those pele were coming home and geing ready to leave. they didn't expect to die today. >> report: among those killed, 12 were solers, and one was a civilian. at fort hood, and ound the world, u. military men and women observed a momenof since, exactly 24 hours after the attack, 1:34 p.m. cenal time. it was also official day of mourning at fort hood,nd the neighboring town of killee texas. there is also anger. racha morriis a retired busesswomen. >> i am appall and saddened and i think is something that we dropped theall by not investigating him furtr when he was talking to so many pple about his feelingabout the war. >> you think sebody dropped the ball? >> i sure do. >> reporter: for w, officials in washington fosed on tributes tthe fallen. at e white house this morning, prsident obama said the entire nation is grieving >> sorom now until veterans day, i've orred the flags at the white house and otr federal buildin to be flown at half-staff. th is a modest tribute to those who lost eir lives even as many were preparing to risk their lives for tir country. >> reporter: aidesaid the president wi attend memorial serve at fort hood. in the meanti, the victims were remembered on the use floor today. >> our entire country mourns the losses of those w passed ad were killed and are praying for them athis very, veryad time. >> reporer: and flags were lowered athe white house, capitol, and aroundashington, as welas in killeen and at fort hood. >> wooard: much more also emged today on the accused gunman, major nidalalik hasan, a native of the washingt, d.c., area. ray suez reports on that part of the story. >> repoer: this mosque in silver springmaryland, was hasan's spiritual ho, in the regionhere he spent much of his young professional le. dr. asif qadir works at a edical clinic associated wi the mosque. >> toe, he was very social; he would not go and off and engage you. anyone talhim, nice about it... >> rorter: the muslim center is more than a thousand mil from yestery's carnage, and he imam there found it hard econcile the man he knew wi what he saw yeerday on televion. >> there is no way. i'm shockedi'm shocked. >>eporter: today, as the inveigation in texas contued, a key question remained-- how this deut man, a psycatrist responsible for counseling soldie, could have commted such a crime. born in arlgton, virginia, and raid by jordanian immigrant parents, nidal malihasan enrolled in the ar straight out ohigh school. the mitary sent him to college at virgia tech, then ono the unifrmed services universityn bethesda, maryland, to sdy psychiatry. dr. qadr. >> he was very grateful tthe ary that trained and educated him, and he was prd. >>eporter: for six years, he treated soldiersuffering from post traumatic sess disorder atwalter reed army medical center. each yar, service members cyc through waer reed with grave physical wods and profound psychologicaones. but professor stevan hobfolla speciali in stress disorders, says practitioners often de with patients inrisis. >> the are hundreds of thousandsf military psychiatrist psychologists, social workers-- they'rstrong, tough, a empathic. they can ta this. it's not that you're not saddened in your wk. it means that you're strengthened by it beuse you know th you're helping out. >> reporter: duri his years in behesda, he lived a quiet life as a ngle man renting the basement of this hoe. his upairs neighbor, who wouldn't come outside, said he hardly knew him, en though she lived one flight up. he became increasiny religious after e deaths of his parents, and disenchanted with the military, aone point telling relatives he was anxiouto get out, according to his csin, nader hasan. >> reporr: the muslim chaplain at fort hood told abc newshat harassment toward muslimervice members was nonecessarily wideread at the base. >> time to time,e have a lot of unseling time and they'd complain about bng taunted and harassed, some of itas mild joking, some misunderstanding, does eate a real problem. >> reporterstill, at the cocil on american islamic relation ibrahim hooper's blackbry has buzzed today with hostile messages, onealling for "all-out war on islam >> unfortutely, there's a cottage industry of muslim bashers who are expiting it to furtherromote interfaith mistrust and hostily, and to create divisiowithin our societ and that's why we k mainstream practitioners to not allothat happen, remains unified in. for those w would exploit. haened in america, which makes it more troubling. that's why when whave some kind incident like this happen, despite our attet every day to hance understanding of islam,nd up being one ep forward and two steps ba for our commumity. just e facts we have to face in the st 9/11 era. >> reporter: today, amecan muslim groups roundly condemed the atck, the american arab anti-discrination committee lled him a "rogue" gunman. >> woodward:he other main tory of the day was unemployment hittindouble digits for the first me since 1983. th u.s. labor department annnced the jobless rateose to 10.2% inctober, up four nths. the econo lost another 190,000 jobs last month. at a congressional hearing, though, the head of t bureau of labor statists said the rate of b losses is slowing. >> e last -- last ree months the lo has been more mad rate than the prior three months are the priorix months before that. last tee months job losses average 1,000, that is significantly lower than the unprecedented period, six month periodhere we lost about 645,000 jobs per month it's less widespread, the job loss. >> woodward: hall said it ght take three ars to get back to employment levels befe the recession. d president obama said i underscored e need for tended unemployment benefits hesigned those into law today. onall street, the reaction s subdued the dow jonesndustrial average gained 17 points to ose at 10,023. the ndaq rose seven points to close at 212. for the week, both the doand theasdaq gained more than 3%. jeffrey brown tas a closer look athe jobs story. >> reporte and joining for th is lakshman achuthan, an economist and managindirector of the ecomic cycle research institute inew york city. you well, the expectation o getting 10% had been there. but what did today's report reveal about the dths of the problem. let's tart with e troublg news that's ill t there? >>ell, this s quite a shocking number. i mean at0.2%. and i thi a lot higher than anybody expected. and when we look at broader measureof unemployment that inude discouraged workers or people o have left the workforce the numbers go even higher. theare 17, 17.5%. so on thascore, very, very bad. but the direction, the fact thatt is going up asou mentioned inot a surprise. hat is something that happens always in the early stageof recovery. and tsrecovery is no different on thatcore. >> so t possible good news would be that the rate of lo continues t slow. >> well,that certaiy. we're now, you know, below losing 200,000 a month and at the beginning of t year was well over 600 it was around 700,000 a month. so that hasas big of a psychogical impact, as it were. on the positive side, as say crsing the % unemployment rate does on the negate side. and what mean by that is thathe people w have not lost their jobs, are a littleess or even, you know, significantly less fearfuof losing eir jobs today tha they were at the beginni of the year. and that is very helpful for the sustaability ofthe recovery. >> well, io wanto ask you about psychology. i mn crossing that0%, going intdouble digi, how does that play out in terms ofonsumeronfidence, of course for those w don't have bs but expand a little bit on wh you we staing to say about even for those whdo, we are entering thehopping season, you know, the roll of t consumer i driving the economy talk about this as a psychological facr. >> well, look, going above 10%, we kw it was going happen. it is a negative. because it reminded ushat we have just fished the greatest recession since world war ii. and that's t anything you want to really rememb too closely. now for the poer of thse nubers, there's a lot of angst when the nuer occurs. and may in some sense it's kind of goodhat we got th waiting over wi and now we are above 10%. the same kind of angst is goingn, by the way, with another number ten. you know, t dow 1,000 where we'veeen popping back andforth across that threshold for thekf last see that we arelu stying above so far the 10,000 mark. so there is kind of wall of worry thatgoes on in terms of the psyclogy of invesrs. and ployers. inhe early stagesf recoveries where 9 human nature iso kind o trapolate the recentad trends. d so for the last, you know, almo two year its this have been pretty ba and so ur nature. the humanature is to extend that into the future. howeverhen a business cycle is turning the trd is breaking. the cye, t dynamic, the procs of what isoing on in the economy is shifting rection. ande're seein that through objectivedata. objective leading indicators and her data like gdp ich show the economy turning. >> one of the numbers that got some attention in today's rort is the rise temporary workers. now expin -- elain that, the importance of that. >> very important. you have employers are unsure of the durabilit of the recovery. they h to deal with an economyhat grew by.5% by all meares in the third quarter. and ey did that with 7 mlion or so less pople working. so everybody who was remaining o the job had to be a great deal more pructive in a way tat is actually unsustainle. so business emplors not wantingo take the pnge and commit to a new employee id as little as they could which is to hire a mporary employee. and that's why when you see temporary hiring ring, it a leading indicator of permanent job growth down the line. however, i don't want to make o much of it too soon. there's a b deal between recovering being in recovery which where we are now and bei recovered. i hearin the leain there was an estate that wemay be able to et the jobs th we lost in this recession back in ree years. that's pretty optimist. we would be having toave economy much like the 1990 enomy which was relatively strong. and even at at pace it would take about fo years o get back the jobs that we've lt. >> well, i know everyone is trying to calculate when the jobs pictureets better. and we will contue to folow. thank you very ch tonight. >> ank you. >> woodward: n, a second take on jobs, this one fr our econocs correspondent, paul solman, about the tou mpetition for work in the ever-growing freelae market. it's part of his ongong reporti on "making sense of finanal news." >> at a job fair in new yo this summer where tre were few real jobs to be had, two experts explained the great emoyment squeeze. sociologist -- >> a companycan't affd to giveomeone a job foren yers and say that y can be part of our compny for theest of your life. bause they don't know whe they are going to be for six months or a year. >>so rather than commit to full-timers said professor capelli, comnies are switching tjust in time employees. >it's really applying some of the principless of manufacturing ansupply chains tthe question of how you get the right number of rker -- worker >> inventory managemen >> some ofhis is it,it is inventoryanagement. >> but the inventory a humans. >> and the inventory are people. a growing ientory tt sarah horwitz has bn organizing. intohe freelancers union in brooklyn, n york. because in the gobal ecomy, the safety net of olds no more, formore and more americans. >> some people usedto think freelanrs, a offnism mor being -- eupmism for people uneloyed but it is eally all of us, people at work in technology, in finance, in real este, in domestic wkers, graphic designers, artists, it aoss the whole economic spectrum and it in fact a third ofhe workforce is now working likehis. >> you can't beerious, a third of theworkforce. >> yeah, accorng to the geral accounting office a third of the workfce. and rlly what happens -- matters is wha is happening to thhuman beings who are doing these jobs andowo we maket that ty have a al and profound safety net. >cecilia smith used to wo full-time tickling the aluminums at the college of music at berkeleyment she gave up the security to perform and compose oher own. i never wanted to be anything else b a great musician. >> for artisreelancing has long be a way of fe. made possie these days by the internt. self-promotion made eas melina hamr runs her own metal worki studio. >> i create wearablepieces theatrical in natur breast plates, head ress, gorgeous neck pieces, even sort of othing sort of style pieces. >> hamr wears her originality onher sleeve and r reasons to freelance as well as within i ed to claim something that fls like okay, this is me and i am able to feel prou of that. >> for wrir stephanie schroder the appealf reelancing may be even more obvious. >> i'm an anti- -- year woman how n i wo in coorate america. >i can't wear the suit. i can't wear theuit mi more, that ismy answer. i can't ar the suit nd i won't, you know. >> but these days even traditionists see the upside of beng free to yid their lances as they wish. pr consultant. >> i ve to have, you kow, medical benefits, insurance, dental, disabilty, all of at is wonderful. however many times i have acually givenp terrific jobs with all those wonderful benefit simply because wanted to, you know, chae the environmt, tryifferent things. >>that's where the union comes in, providing hlth, dental, disability and life insuranc for aodest price. a 401(k) retirent plan to smootout the ups and downs of just in time work, advo cass'see tmake the law more freelancer friendly. the unions organizi campaign has signedp 175,000 members to create a new dea for the new insecurity of work. >> freelancers a going through perio of time now whe they have no money coing in and theyre going 0 to 60 right on to weare orood stamps bause they can't get employment. they are paying so much for heth insurance or then some states they c't even get it. retirement, a dream. >> and at this pointn our grp discussion, the happy face of freelancing arted to s. >> stage hand michael collins quit a job in th touring comany of "sesame street" live t felance, live fronew york. >> the best thing about being afreelancer a also the worst thi about being a felancer, you are always going it to ha days off. ou are always going to have days of >> hate hing to have been eremely successful and en having toake so much less. think psychologicallyhat is what is hardest for peoe. i hate making less money. i can't stand i >>nd then there is the virtual assurance of constant rejection. >> when you a receiving no afer,o after nofter no, there i for me at least, an credible experience of questioning m path, qutioning my worth, questioning, you know, what the [bleep] am i goi todo to take care of t debt in front of me or the expene in front of . i have thght about how close i am that person who comes on tothe subway peforming. and asking for people's kindhearted generosity and giving money. >> moreover ere is the heighted competition competion that can come fromwell, the deeration of those t there these days. >> more cutthroat. >> it's definitely me cutthroat you got 5,00 stage hands in new swrersee and new yor and they are all fighting for the same position and the se ten guys are rking all the time. >> we've beehearing in the ns the recession is oer o we're ndering whose recessiois over. >> nanchall person is an executive coach. >> now former lleagues don't want to necearily share tips and client names an ideas because they are afraid. there's not as much business to go around. >> the newly laid off competition is iving down wages ss internet consultant chris santini. >> they re undercutting everybody. they will go in a they will cut prices and one of my clients came back to me and saidi'm dropping your te 50% or i'm goingith someone else. plumy cients don't pai i am od probably 75% of my billings th are all at lea 90 days pst due, some are are 300 days past due. >> i doing horribly. t's a bad scene. d i will just tal about the recession being over is a depressionnd it's not over. i a on food stamps. don't know wherey next rent is ing to come from. it's scary. >> how much do youake a yer. >> less than0,000. is is what the freelaes -- this is what are here talking about. is we need aafety net, it's ridiculous. >> a safety net. and so we nd where we gan, with sarahhoroowitz who created the freelcers union to help tho who have no choice but to help theelves. >> as we moved with tehnology to a more just in time kindf economy, companieand employers reallwanted to shorter term wor but it's now up to freelaers to start sayi in this demracy, what do weeed if work is going to be so fluid. >> what do they need? wh do they deserve? hat are they likelto get. woodward: paul has more abo how frlancers are faring in the recession ohis business pagat newshour.pbs.org. and still to come onhe newshouronight: views from kabu and shields and ooks. that follo our preview of a big weend, and potential vote, over health reform ocapitol hill. bettynn bowser of our health unit has the story. the ut is a partnership with he robert wood johnson foundation. >> on the eve of brinng a health-careeform bill to thfloor, the hou rules committee met today to set the fmework for debate. the panel's top republan david dryer of california. >> themerican people have set a ver clear and stro message. they believe that w should take time to look at legislation. >> new jersey democrat frank palone. >> youan say bhaefer you wat but i mean i don'tant anybody to suggest that there hasn't been months and years hearings on is and everyaspect of this bill. >> the process is less a ncern for democratshan whethethey actually have theotes to pass the bill. yesterday house speake nancy pelosi predicted she would be vicrious. >> -- for the rule on the bill. >> we are -- we will. wewill. >> repter: today majority leader steny huher said democrats we very close to secuing the votes needed to pass the bill the ve which had be set for saturdaycould now slip in sunday or later any democrats are still theence. jason atmeyer blue dog democrat from weern pennsylvania one of them. >> i'm still thking it though, talking to my constituen as we speak today. i have seral meetings with nstituents, both from the right, the tea party actists and from the left the health careor america now group an i'm on the phone all day long talkng to people back home, reading the bill. and i'm going to mke my decision sgfer the vote. >> s uncertainty is sared by many fellow democrats throughout the dayome of them were jockeyng for stronger language that wou prent illegal imgrants from buying health iurance. others who oppose abortn were isisting on a prosion that no fedeal money be spe on insurance policie that covered the procedure. >> i'm pro-life and don't think th federal money shod be spent on abortions. and ctainly the stronger theyake that lanage the better i'm going tfeel about the bill. i think they've made an attempt to acmmodate that point of view a we'll see what the fnal language looks like. on the immigrationide, i feel very strongl that not one pny of federal money shoulde used to fun illegalimmigrants drectly or indirectlyo have access into our hlth-care system. so on that i want to see some very strong language. >> reporter: wle those issues we still being rked out, the ma princless of the democr's bill are set. it would ct an estimated $1.2 trllion over the next decade, but would reduce the deficit as well. it would cover andditional million americns and include the creion of an insurance exchange to purcse coverage. it uld ao fbid inrance companies from dying coverage to people with preexisting condions. and would require neay every americ to buy insurance. most employers would be required to provide coverage as well. speaker pelosis also made sure she has secured enough supportrom some of the more beralembers of her caucusho raised doubts of their own hast week and the answer is i'm leaning no right now, absoluty. >> arizonaaul grihalve is co-chairman of the progressive caucusnd a fiee advocate of a robus public option. despite his believthat the current docratic house bill does not have a stng enough public insurance plan to hold down costs,e says he doesot want to block a pivotal vote for reform. resign to fight other day. i means tha's my mood. mean i'mnot going to std in the way. i'm n going to be the skunk at the garden par and stop this from moving forward. but there a levelof resignation okay, we took as far as we could. we brought thepublic option back from theead. we ould be happy with that. but the satisfaction level that we we seeking is not there. >> reporter: mewhile republicans are prodesed to vote universly against the democraticill. >> we believe republican opposition to the pelosi health-care bll will be overwhelming. >> . >> reporter:indiana mike pence says the democtic prosal is a misguided approach to solving th country's health-care problems. >> the demratic majoty h developed legislation, it's their ery right do it. but the goal is to aceve what they refer to universal covage and they that through a masve knew bureaucracy of government-run insuran mandatesnd taxes. the republican plan tak a different approach. how do we bring abo refms that alower cost bo for healt insurance and health care. >> the republican alternative putorward earer this week would cost $61 billion or the same length of time. and lower premiums for some who buy insurance on the own. but iwould cover only 3 million more americans. inrance companies could continue to deny coverage based on preexisting conditions. and there iso mante r individuals buy insurance. >> the two plan have sharpl divided support cgress and throughout the untry. yesterday an estimat 10,000 people joined republican lawmakers outside the capit to po test -- rotest the democraic hlth-care bill >> afterwards manyf the rally attendees carried their protts to house offi buildings lookg to send their mesge directly totheir representatives. >> democraticouse members are expected to receive another visit tomorrow. from psident oba. who will attpt to rall last minute support. for arona ghalve, he wis the president had spped in sooner. >> it cou be helpful with ome members. but you know, that engagemt is overdue, with all due respe tohe president,o the office. when weere at 209 and a robust public option could have usedis help. we're glad, heartened that he is here to talk to members and push this forward belated but necessary presence. any time the esident throws hiweight behind omething it's importa. >> reporter: butust how important. that won't benown until the votes arecounted >> woodward: next, e afghanistan sry. two re american soldiers died there today. and on the political front, w that he is assured another term as president, hamid kari is coming der increasing western pressure clean up gornment corruption. the latest warng came from british prime minister gordon brown. britain has 9,000 tops there and has lost more tn 200 soldiers. >>suddenly the government of afghanistan had become a y word for core ring. and i'm n prepared to put the livs of british men and women in harm awafor a government th does not stand up ainst rruption. sopresident karzai agree ith me yesterdaypç that t fst priority of his new goverent would be to take decisive aion against corrupti. >> woodward: now,argaret warner wraps her reporting trip to afghanistan, tking to afhans themselves about corruption and their cntry's future. >> reporter: in the ddle of kabul, in an historic lamic quarter destroyed by decas of war and nlect, local workers are restorg murad khane's centuries-olbeauty. they're part ofa project onsored by the turquoi motain foundation, an ternational ngo, to help afghans learn traditional building methods and cfts for 21-year-old yasse politics is farrom mind. he was afraid to voten the presidenti election. n, what he wants from karzai now is peace. >> ( anslated ): its good that he become presiden he become presidt, we should havpeace. we have to have jobs,nd peace, to he poor people. >reporter: khalilullah, a communy adviser for the turquoise mountain oject, is expectg a lot more. >> ( tralated ): there will be lots ochanges. >> reporter: tse are just two of the voices we heard this week, about how afghans fe now that the long-diuted election is resolved they all said more of t same won't do, especially when it comes to t corruption that agues their daily lives. >> you have to understand th, in partsf the country, the governments synonymous with the crime. >> reporter: ad mohseni's radio and tv ations, including number-one tolo tv, heafrom afghans from all ovethe country. >> the police officersteal, e judges take bribes, government ofcials-- it's aboutepotism, it's about corruption. so one of the reons people have rerted to relying on taliban-type forc is because thre's a vacuum, because they cannot deliver on t basics. >> reporter: but we ard doubt abouthether karzai will address the issue, despite e desperate nee 26-year-old abd waha qadeerzadas a pottery student who works like a master. >> ( translated ):if he doesn't bng changes into the government, dsn't end the corruption, how will this government survie? >> reporter: his ceramic teacher, abdumanan, believes only the united ates and its alli can make karzai deliver. >> ( translat ): i am reqsting from the international community put pressure onim, to bring chaes. the people are tired of hipast ve years-- corruption, fightin people are tired of this. >> president rzai has always ted as a tribal chieftain, traditional leader who was to build... >> reporter: harounir, who runs a thinkank in kabul, says karzai'style makes him ill- ited to satisfy today's demands from afans or the internional community. >> thiss probably the weakness of president karzai thahe wan to satisfy everybody instead of looking for rults. i don't think presidentarzai would bring any change his own. i think the internatial mmunity will be forced to bring constantly pressur >> reporter: but hekmat kaai, a distant cousin who informly advises presidt karzai, says heexpects the afgh president to me his ways. >> within the first threto six month we will know how committed and w serious he is in terms of dealing th these issues. >> do you have dous? >> absolutely not. we e almost at a turning point. and ahan government needs to pre that it's a credible partner. i think he n come to the occasion and pride the necessary capabilits, the necessary skills that are needed. reporter: but to do that, says shokria barakz, a member of parament from kabul, karzai will have to getid of the corru ministers and palace mafia that surround him do you think h has it in him? >> he should, he must, he s to. otherwise, there be no good future for ahans. otherwise, there be notep forward. otherwise, there be no succs at all. he haso take serious those serious issues. >> reporter: this debate er whether president kzai has the will to deliver reform comes at a crual time, as afghans and americans awt president obama's decision on u.stroops. ny ordinary afghans told us they fear thatunless he does, the taliban will ctinue aining momentum, triggerin chaos and peaps even another civil war. >> translated ): if theyre not here, i will fit with my broth; he will fight with his brother. >> reporter: to address th insecuri, says media mogul mohseni,he country needs more u.s. forces to otect the major citi, roadways and trading areas. >> once you're procting 50%, 60% of the populationnd you're allod to trade between our major cities, as well as t outside world, th's going to stalize the situation. is it e best strategy? ou know, we don't know, but terms of what's on the table right no it's probably the one that makes the most sens > reporter: but te in the day in thisustling downtown area, ordinary ahans aren't so sure. >> ( trslated ): someone shoulexplain to the americans that ghanistan can't be solved by planes, tanks, by bullets. they did also the me thing in iraq what's e result? nothing. >> reporte: even more typical was the ambivalence of university studentasib naseri. >it's a good thing because local afghan forces areot developed enough to ke security in proinces, districts and mountas. t in afghanistan, peace can come by fightingby force, by weaps. eveif troops are 10 times more than now, they ct bring peace. >> reporter: and after 30 yrs of war, what unites afghs of evry stripe, above all, is tha yearninfor peace. >woodward: and to the analysi of shields and brooks-- syndicated columnist ma shields and "new york times columnist david boks. >> woodruff: gentlemen, gd to see you bo. let's start wi the bad news, mk, unemployment boy 2%. what are the implications fo the president, for everody else in washington. >> well, judy i think first of all it's still a shock even though it was expected it's a shock. and theres something absolutely staggeringo one's atttion about 10% unemployment in this country. 26 years nce we've had it before. and there's t the sense that we hadn 1983 that the country is going to rebound quickly. we had 9.5% increase in proctivity lastquarter. and what has it lead to? it has ld to the stock market going to 10,000. that's grat news. d profits going up. but job going down and 19200 lost this month. i just thinkt shows the sconnect between wall reet and main strt in this country, what peoe are going thugh. and i think politically it -- absolutwarning and wake-up call to the mocrats tha if you are looking a % unemployment, next october youre looking at the threat ofhe republicans winni the congress. >> woodruffa wake-up call . >> yeah, mean it's a combinaon of a bunch of things. first a long-ter period unemployment. now are you beginng to hear. we have heard economts talk for a long tme about this will last tough 2010. now l of a sudden beginning theear 2011. and that is because wha we are recovering from this longile of debt and w we are livin with the 7 slim years that come after that pileup ofebt. so you have the long period of employment which people expecto linger for a long tie. the secondoint you've got no faith in institutions. so it's not like people believe tha this can solve it or that can solve i anthen if you ask people well should the government get more ativeo try to, anoer stimulus packet, something le that else, twice as many people say no as s becaus they are afraid we already have too ch public defit so what we ve got is this long-term proem, no faith in institions and then no eas way out. whh i think could lead or the xt yr or two to an even bger increas and sort of economic pulism we are already seeing. >> so if you are present obam what do you do? >> you pass health care. >> woodruff: you pa health care, you get it through and then you vote all your tim effort and energy. agree with david the numbers on the defict are sobeng. andhey are certainly ctionary. t we're talking abt is jobs. an before we went to war the persian gf in 1991, jim baker,ecretary of state asked what is at war. he said bs jobs, jobs, jobs. this is about js, jobs, jobs. that is where all t attention, energy andffort has to be. it has to be creative. i think if it mans furter deficit, so be i they've got to stimulate the ecomy. yove got wary consumers and you've got banks that are profitle, that are reluctant to make loans and compans that are profitab. >> woodruff: b you have 50 miion jobs that are goe. can a government re-create thos >> to some extent. if things didn't work, they have given money to stas keepteachers employed that stuff works. what don't seem to have worked is the ea of pumping money to the ecomy and creating this vast multiplier where business takes off. business has not ten off because thehroj is still ere. everybody is hunkere down ecause they think there is still a lot of debt out there. so to me if i'in the govnment i think we can't add more fizzedo economy with mordebt. but we, what we doave to do is fus on theong-term job creatn and that's energy and her things. becausene thing we learned about this econic cycle and increasingly recent enomic cycles it not like you get ld off and retired at the se job. that doesn't happen as much any more. you have to look for a whe w sector and job. to me if i'm the obama administration i not just thinking i'm going to stimulate the economy with short term fizz, i ll solve funmental problems o help create new indusies for new jobs. >> youill be the oma administratn which is the inton administration which your second half the firsterm, a publican congress. i me that is the risk you arrunning. you cannot -- y cannot go into the next election at 10% unemploynt. i me whatever it tas you have to do. anit means being eative. it means being imaginativemenbut i agree with david, it's great in the long run. >> forg the deficit. >> in the short run you ha to get people back to work >> weust had a election on this sject. and the fea of government, the fear of speing is massive. d again this gallopoll, they asked peop would you rather have the gernment spendoney to employ people at the cosof running up the debt or have them t spend money even the recession last longer. 2-1, 62%, don't spend the money,orry abouthe deficit. 31%,pend the money. e public is pretty clear onhis. >> that the message. the message --you can take any mesge you want from thelection. mean jon corzine in ne jers. >> woodruff: e two goveors race. in new jerseynd virginia -- new jersey. corzine eraced oa, he lost. in viinia, he distanced himself om barack obama and he lost. so you can te any interprtation you want. the analysis of th eltion is the mood of the cotry. it has not cnged. the 2009 election wasike the 2006 election like the 2008 electio and that is people a so disgued and disenchanted and really angry about a gornment they feel that doesn't listen tohem, that is controlled by specia interests, a they thin shington stinks and couple with tha the book end of that is a hot tillity toward,-- hostility toward, theame is rigged favor of wall street. and so you've got those tn hostilities fueling it. the ins rules. the outs w. if i were inn going in 10 in this kindof mood and clima i would be scared stiff. >> but12 months ago barack obama came in, people turned out. he won a convcing margin over the republican john mccain. what has happen to all tha well, i guess thisnot totally in distinion to what mark said but to take two populations, first on the left young ople and minoritys who came out to vote, a lot of those people are disenchante because they think he's no moving fastnough on a whole range f issues. so a lot of them stad home. secon among e independentsho are ccentrated in the sburbs, they switched to repuicans beuse they think he's moving o fast. an they're nervous by the spending, by t activism. so you saw not only t suburban votes in virgin d new jersey but also ne york and westchest county, in ssau county, in pennsylvania, a lotof these subbanites, the democrats had done phenomenally we at suddenly shting to the repuican side. and tt is accompanied by poll data suggesng that they think theovernment is getting too bi too active, intruding inovernment. there has been a short of a reaction to the rit amon a loof those voters. so ere have been two populations with opposing critisms of the demrats and how theemocrats have been reconcile thosewo populations is a huge challge. >> i dsent. fir of all we had two t-cutting referenda question othe ballot. one in maine, o in the state of waton. they both were defeated there was this ti out here. the iependent -- it would have reflected itself there. the indepdents have become more reblican because they have left the repuican party. the republican party is a its lowest part inhe history o"the wall street journal". >> woodruff: you mean in the last year. >> in the st year. and david say ss well, what abouteople's attitude, you know, too muc governme regulation you know, en they askethe question befor in 2008 there wasn't any government regulation at is how we t to where we are today. there litelly was not any government regulation. i still come ck to this. people can ask they are ilosophically conservative. too much government, red tape, getting ou of my cket, out of my hair but when td the was a trace of botulism in tunfish they want tknow where the hl is the federal government. people want results and they feel the feder government is not on their side. ask yed about barack obama. he was elecd a year ago. chge we can believe in. would change the way washington worked. change washington and g things done. and i thinkit'sfair to say that it's not a questioof t many things he tried to do. that there jusaren't the results. you don't have to critize him but thehange has not occurred. the promis change has not developed. that's why health care is urgent and imperative. >> woodruff: is that becaus he promised too much? is th because the public senses that there wereoo many promises out there that haven't been delired on? >> it sort of a perfect storm. he did promise t much. second i think people have unrealistic expectation about what canbe done in this system. nd so i think some ofthe reaction is unfair to him to behonest. i meane's probabl about to pass a major healthare reform. the idea th a president can shape a business cycle hich has been building up, this debt has en building up for deces, it's just norealistic toxpect that. and so u know, the can throw him out, fine. they can throw democrats out, fine. and it happe. but i think the thing can do and the thing the republicans shod be trying to do is saying government can dohis but it can't d that. we're going toeassure you. we're goingave a sense of order. this is what we are going to try to do. but we're to the going to get too busy an scare people which is what has happened. don't think either party has really lid out the8 fundamtals and returned to those fundamentals. >> but you thi they will get alth-care reform. we have the house votng this wkend or maybe it will sl into next week. >> i wou be stunned if they didn't get the hoe but i think even overall theyill get everything. >woodruff: what is your vote. >> they don't have the vos right now on theemocratic side onhe house. republans have announced eve one of them is going to be aatter of pride, unanimit to vote ainst it and the repuican health bill has beenintroduced. it tur out to beake two tax breaks and call your docr in the morning. i mean it just, it is silly. it's -- but wt really is most remarkable is i this imate of all the problems that predent obama is confronting an some dealg with, some not, is tha the reblicans haven't been able to take advange of it. the republicans are stl so far. here we are judy, with h1n1 are in the country, an emergenc nd women who are preant are havng trouble getng e vaccine. chdren are having trouble geting the vaccine,et in the commity health centres. we nd out this week that goldman sachs, th tigroup, and jpmorg had their privat reserves. what a convergence of the republins to go after the admintration to go after wall street, to grab tat pot and stk. have you heard single republican speak. >> i will give them yr number, though. >> woodru: they may be listening. but they did win the governor's races. they didn't wn the congressional strict in new rk but a good week f e republicans. > they are very happy and the congrsional race in new york was iortant beause there were a lot of more conservative tea party types who were thinking of primary chalnges to sitting replicans. that may hapn but less of anmpulse. >> it was a good we, any time you win t helps psychologically more than anytng else. it helps you recruit ndidates the next time with republans, helps you raise moy t lifts the moral of the party that has moral problems. >> woodruff: it liftour moral to ve both of you here, ma shields, dad brooks, thankou both. other sties making headlines today: a nman killed one person and wounded five at engineering firin orlando, florida. police arrestedason rodriguez, ho'd been laid off there. in hondus, ousted president manuel zelaya claedhe agreement to end a four-mon litical crisis has collapse his rival, roberto michelei, insted the deal was alive and well. anthe new york yankees celeated victory in the world seri with a ticker-tape parade through manhattan. and agai the top stories of the day: investigators seched for a motive in the fort hoo hootings, with 13 dead and 3 wounded. and the u.s. umployment rate topped 10% in october f the rst time since 1983. on newour.pbs.org, two online- onlyeatures tonight: we mark the 20th aiversary of the fall of t berlin wall with a podcast with former nehour anchor robert macil. and you can wah a roundtable conversatn from november 1989. plus, we have an rt beat" conversation with jonathan lethem about his new nove, "chronic city," wch mixes the re and the surreal in present- day w york. here'an excerpt. >> i think for life is a strange mixtureof the dream and the real and you know we're sortf real humabeings condemned to live in a cartoonish universe. so m trying to get that feelg on to the page. >> woodward: "washgton week" can b seen later this evening on most pbs station we'll e you online, and again here monday evening. have a nice weeken i'm judwoodruff. tha you and good night. major funding for the nshour with jim hrer is provided by: >> what the world needs nows energy. the energy to gethe economy humminagain. the eney to tackle challenges like climate chang at if that energy came from energy company eve day, chevron invests $62 million in people, indeas-- seeking, aching, building fueling groh around the world to move us allhead. this is t power of human ergy. chevro intel. supporng coverage of iovation and the economy. bnsf ilway. monsanto. and by toyota. ant thornton. >> and by theill and melinda tes foundation. deicated to the idea that all ople deserve the chance to live a healthy,roductive life. and with the ongoing supportf these instituons and fouations. an... this pgram was made possible by t corporation for publ broadcasting. and by contributions to yourbs station from vwers like you. thank u. captioning sponsored by macneil/lehrer proctions captioned by media access group at wgb access.wgbh.org