and mya have big pieces of this right. this is an unprecedented situation. so john roberts perhaps likely has the ability to make evidentiary rulings in the course of impeachment proceedings. i don't believe that there is any process for appeal out from the impeachment proceeding to the courts to be september that there is any appeal, it is decided upon by the senators themselves. and we know how that goes. so the real issue here is what is practical and what can happen. and like barb says, there are too many known unknowns if prosecutors were to go ahead like this. putting witnesses on the stand who they have never heard from before. if they had testimony that was favorable to the president, we would have heard from them. if they wanted to help the for thes standing up for the rule of law, they would have testified. they have the ability to comean.