Transcripts For LINKTV France 24 20160726

Calls for sanders unity behind Hillary Clinton. She never buckles under pressure, said Michelle Obama. Francois hollande and in theerior minister are town of saintetiennedurouvray after a priest was killed. Hostagest the chur there. The priest reportedlyad his throat slit. Another hostage was seriously injured. The attackers were later killed by police. Prime mr. Manuel valls has described it as a barbaric attack. The vatican agrees, saying it is all the more heinous because it happened in a sacred place p rejoining mao in a sacred place. Kate moody, what do we know at this stage . Kate detailed the details of what were happening in the church in saintetiennedudurouvray ts was morning mass. There were not a lot of people there. And twore two priests other members of the congregation these two armed men entered the church from a backdoor, and we understand they were armed with knives, possibly other weapons, though we do not have confirmation of that. They took the congregation hostage. Police arrived on the scene quickly and the situation was neutralized within just a few hours. The two hostage takers were killed by police. The the police entered church, they saw that the priest, in his 80s or 90s, had been killed. Reportedly had his throat slit, although we have not confirmed that yet. Also reports that a second hostage had been gravely injured, fighting for his or r r life. Reports also coming out from saintetiennedurouvray suggesting that that other victim was one of the nuns. The interior ministry has not confirmed that. She is in a very serious situation indeed. Claire do we have any idea who the attackers were . Kate we do not have any sense. There are some reports from local media suggesting that one of the men at least had a beardrdnd some kind of head covering that is often related to the muslim faith, but that has not been confirmed. The spokesman for the interior ministry spoke a short time ago and said he could give no information about the profile of thesese two men, although he confirmed that antiterrorist investigators have taken over the case. More details are expected to come out in the hours to come. Claire this comes at a time when france is on high alert. The state of emergency was just extended by six months in the aftermath of the nice attack. Kate a very high security presence. For the past 18 months or so, across france, we have seen armed police and security personnel roaming the streets of paris and other major cities across france as well, guarding locations like schools, transport hubs, and religious sites of worship. This city, saintetiennedurouvray, is a. Mall town in the suburbs it is not a place that would have immediately been thought of as a potential target. We do not know if there was any security presence in the area. A place of worship which in theory is a potential target. We do know there is a very high security presence there now. Authorities are searching the surrounding area to see if there are any explosives or boobytraps are anything that could present a further threat. Locals in the area are also france 24 journalists thatat rome, wheres go to we are joined by our correspondent josephine mckenna. Josephine, the vatican is condemning this attack, calling it barbaric. Josephine they put a brief statement on behalf of pope francicis, who i is said to b be shocked byby this s particular attack, also becacause it happed inside a churcrch. If t the reports a are true thae slit, its throat was is even that mucuch more alarmingng. There is concern in recent weeks after the attack of nice and the recent attacks in germany. Certainly very strong words from the vatican, and very concerned that its to place in a place of worship. Attack josephine, this came as the pope p prepares s to lead celebrations in krakow for world youth day. Hadphine we have assurances that security will be very tight in poland. There have been no changes to his itinerary. He w will be going aheadad, and hundreds of thousands arare expected t to gather there for s visit, which will be very significanant bececause he is mg his very firirst vis too auschwitz. It will be interesting to see if there wiwill be any changes a ar totodays anannounceme. Thank you very much. Josephine mckenna in rome. We can now go to a reporter in saintetiennedurouvray, the town in normandy where a priest was killed. What is the latest . We are currently just down the road from the church where the hostage taking took place earlier. Only moments ago, Francois Hollande and the countrys drove throughter and were perhaps address the press later. Two men armed with knives took five hostages during morning mass inside the church that is behind me in the early hours of the morning. In ais in northern france, smalall town of 27,000 inhabitants. Amongst the hostages were a priestst, two nuns, and several worshipers. According to the interior ministry spokesman, the two hostage takekers were neutraliz, shot dead as t they tried to lee the church. Prior to that, they managed to kill one of the hostages, t the prpriest, a 92yearold whose throat is said to have been cut open. Another three hostages are wounded, one of them seriously. That is the information we have at the moment as to whether these two men were just low malls and acted on their own or whether they are part of a bigger cell. That is still being investigated. Claire have you had a chance to speak to locals for their reaction . We have not yet. We just arrived on the scene. What we do know at the moment is that the paris prosecutor has been put in charge of the case, and he tends to do with terrorism related cases. There is a possibility that this is something that is currently being explored. We will be moving to this location where we hopefully will be able to speak with local residents to see what they feel about what happened earlier this morning. Claire give us a sense of what it is like in this town. It is a very small town, then . Sanam there are reports in northern france that there are some people known in the community as having converted to the muslim. Converted to muslim. Feeling, people are their reactions, it is something we still have to look into, but it is something that has taken the town by surprise because it is so small and so point. And so quaint. Claire thank you very much for that update from a saintetiennedurououvray, sona shantyaei. France is under a state of emergency in the last year or so is under a state of emergency. In the last year or so, we have seen an increase in Security Forces out on the streets, and sites deemed vulnerable. Werent churches g game safe unr the state of emergency . Francois you cannot protect all the targets. Which do exist here it for instance, one year ago we had plananned attacks against christian churcrches, anand dura few days there were patrols in front of churches. You can imagine how many churches are in france. You cannot be protective of too many targets. What can be done to protect people . We have seen three major attacks in 18 months. What can be done to protect the french . Francois you can put a soldier in front of every french the solution would be good quality intelligence. The attacks, like bataclan or nice, where someone is spotted by the police as at atial jihadists, or jail or has some criminal activities. The problem is not a long list of jihadists. It is to have selective intelligence and to know which kind, which ones are likely to go into action. Need deepery understanding of what the orders by isis, what is their mentality. Supposing that it is related to isis. Claire i was going to say, at this point we do not know what kind of attack it was. About theknow attackers or what their motives were. This is not a question than of stepping up security, but improving intelligence. The government has come under a lot of criticism, particularly after the nice attack. That was not the case after the first two attacks. It has increased funding for intelligence. Honest, weell, to be a good system of intelligence in france. Probably Something Like 22 involved in monitoring jihadist activity. One unified service with good Intelligence Capacity would probably be something better. Claire we will leave it there. Francois Bernard Huyghe joining us. Japans worst killing in decades a knife attack leaving 19 people dead, more than 20 people injured. This is in the southwest this is southwest of tokyo. The victimss were ranging in age between 18 and 70 the suspect has been identified, a former employee at a facility. He reportedly called for euthanasia for disabled people. Our correspondent reports. Man wielding a knife entered this center. People from the area are stunned. This is a very peaceful neighborhood. I could never have imagined Something Like thiss happening. I am extremely shocked. The suspect turned himself in at a Police Station two h hours later. Police said the 26yearold man was a former employee of the hospital. Found a knife found a bag containing several knives in his car. He said he wanted to get rid of the disabled from this world. Other reports indicate the attacker had been fired from the facility. Japan has one of the lowest rates of Violent Crime in the world, and attackcks involving weapons of any kind are unusual. This is the countrys worst mass killing in decades. Claire there has been a Suicide Attack in mogadishu. Thatili police say a bomber an explosiveladen car outside a u. N. Mine Action Service officers. New the African Union based in a bit issue. Casualties remain unclear. In mogadishu. Casualties remain unclear. In sudan, the Vice President and rival has been replaced, adding to fears of a return to civil war in the worlds in this country. Earlier this month there were deadly clashes between supporters of the two men. One less the capital. One left the capital. The democraticf convention, and bill clinton is set to take to the stage. Ino addressing delegates philadelphia later, House Minority leader nancy pelosi. They followed stirring speeches by Michelle Obama and bernie sanders. The first lady says Hillary Clinton is the president she wants for her girls, and calleds former rivals on his supporters to put clinton in the white house. There is a lot of resistance. Bernie sanders from vermont. The calls for unity. Bernie sanders gave an impassioned speech at the Democratic Convention before a crowd of the emotional and disappointed supporters. He said it is time to move on after months of bitter campaigning. Mr. Sanders i understand that many people here in this Convention Hall and around the country are disappointed. Hillary clinton will make an outstanding president , and i am proud to stay with her to stand with her tonight. Thank you all very much. Democrats are divided and desperate to heal their wounds after an embarrassing leak of emails showing that Party Officials favored Hillary Clinton from the beginning. Throughout thegh day before sanders took to the stage. Hillary clinton several speakers were booed at the mere mention of clintons name. Excuse me. Excuse me. First lady Michelle Obama appealed to sanders supporters, saying the democratic nominee shares many of their own values. Obama and i am here tonight because in this election there is only one person who i trust with that responsibility. Only one person who i believe is truly qualified to be president of the United States, and that is our friend Hillary Clinton. Other Popular Party figures are expected to call for calm and unity in the coming days, including former president bill clinton on tuesday and president barack obama on wednesday. Claire as you just heard, stolen emails from the Democratic National committees Computer Services have exposed the degree to which the democratic apparatus favored clinton over sanders. The fbi is now investigating whether russia was behind the hack. Clintons cap said clintons camp investigatingnow whether russia was behind the release of thousands of Democratic National committee emails. Speaking o on the sidelilines oa ,eeting in leos in laos Sergei Lavrov denied the allegations. Experts say they have reason to wereve Russian Hackers indeed responsible for the breach, based on evidence that the hackers using rususan internet addrees, ruling ch keyboards, and the time and Hillary Clinton was quick to put to point the finger at russia. What the experts are saying and what the experts said when this breach initially happened at the dnc was that they believe it was russian state actors. What further experts are saying is that because they possessed the emails that russian state actors were feeding the emails to hackers for the purpose of helping donald trump. Donald trump was swift to react and accuse democrats of trying to divert attention away from their own problems. The new joke in town is that russia leaked the disastrous emails stupid because Vladimir Putin likes me. President Vladimir Putin, leading some democrats to believe that the russian leader is working to put the real estate billionaire in the white house. Among the people do to address the Democratic Convention this tuesday, africanamericans whose children have died in clashes with police. From philadelphia, jessica reports. Sixtha philadelphia, the most segregated city in the United States. She is 19 years old and she has already lost two friends to Violent Crime. If we do not come together now, our kids will be in nothing but a war zone. The rececent cases of unarmed black man dying at the hands of White Police Officers have made her more desperate than ever for change. Going to be because i make a change for my race. Kayla is studying criminal justice at the Community College for philadelphia. She wants to become a Police Officer and change the system from within. Is giving a class on Race Relations and justice. I am white. I have privilege. She describes life in america as a game that is rigged. Imagine being from the city and being minority. You first school and encounter that the teachers are not as qualified here. Then i make it through school. Youtatistics show that if are young, black, and mail, you have a one in four chance of going to prison. Corporate successful lawyer. He helps African Americans in need of legal advice. Growing up in west philadelphia, kevin dealt drugs and survived a shooting before turning his life around. He wants to see the Justice System reformed herein for that to happen, he says the democrats need to stay in power. The last eight years, eric holder and Loretta Lynch have led the federal criminal Justice System in a direction that has been beneficial for many people from the sort of communities i come from. At a state level, i think Hillary Clinton has the power to treat those coalitions that will finally give us an opportunity to get some change at our state legislatures as well as in the house of representatives. At the end of the day, in american politics, it is about money. Knows howinton to get into local politicians. His best friend was killed by police. His firsthand experiences have taught him that education and americas racex relations problems. Claire time for Business News with stephen carroll. Bp has seen another drop in profits. 45 until the end of june for three months, compared to last year. They are well below what was forecast for the firm. This coming just two weeks after bp declared a final bill from horizon deepwater explosion. A stronger outlook for the company has been outlined after six years of costcutting. Ap has been suffering from the mp in oil prices over the bp has been suffering from the slump in oil prices over the past years. Monday afterd on the figures from the United States reignited fears of oversupply in the market. You can see prices are still far above those lows of under 30 a barrel that we saw back in january of this year. Claire what is happening on the stock markets . Stephen we are seeing Oil Companies feeling the pinch on the back of falling oil prices, and bp down 2 a short time ago. Weouple of minutes ago are seeing small gains in london, paris, and frankfurt, a reasonably quiet day on the markets. Claire air frarance is set to begin of the strike tomorrow. Stephen two unions will stop work for a week. From wednesday, air france has canceled 10 of its longhaul flights, and 30 of its shorthaul journeys. Josh farley has more on the pilot strike in june. Josh as the height of the holiday season, passengers face the turbulent week. Plan to go ahead with a sevenday strike from july 27. The first time they have proposed an agreement that only runs for 17 months. But it fails to guarantee our career evolulution. Last year Air France Klm posted its first profit in five jumping fuel prices as well as internal costcutting measures. The airline has been struggling to compete with lowcost paneuropean airlines for short flights. Passengers at one of paris major airports reacted with dismay at the news. See 30ike is due to short haul flights canceled. It is pretty worrying just as we are fighting out our flying out as well. It is a shame it happens during the holidays. It hurts everybody. Decision to walk off the job for potter days in june cost 44 days in june cost 20 Million Euros for the company. Stephen a band that has offered to take over sab miller. Sab miller announcer this is a production of China Central television america. Mike whwhat makeses a visionan . For some, its the passion for innovation. For others, its seeing opportunities to make a difference when others have given up. This week on full frame, conversations with visionaries who are using their global fame to make an impact. Im mike walter coming to o you from the heart of new york citys vibrant timemes square. Lets take it full frame. Our first guest is an Academy Awardwinning actress whose starring roles in films like dead man walking, thelma and louise, the client, and the rocky Horror Picture Show have demonstrated her range in versatility and cemented her place in pop culture. Take a look. The rocky Horror Picture Show. Man this isis my fiancee, janet weiss. Janenet toucha, totoucha toucha, tououch me i want to be dirty susan take a deep breath. [inhales] lelet it all out. Now were goi to o pick up ouour instruments,s, and when i i couo 4, were going t to play thehe. T of thihis thing. G. 1, 2, 3, 4. Thelma louise, shoot the radio. [gunsh] the poce radio, uise. Loui got it. Susan you boys atmpted to interrogate a child outse the presen of himothther whout r coconsen if i ne anynythg from you boys, like the truth, well, i exexpect to get it. You blame e e govementnt, u ame ththe ugs,s, y blame blacks. Atat abo matatth poncelet . What, is he just an innocecent . If youou do die, a s your frienend, i want to help yu die withth dignity, and i dont see how yoyou can do that unless you start t to own up to thehe t yoplayed iwawalternd h hoss death. You u nt to take 12yearld gi to a pel jam coert on a schl l nigh woman i jt t thout itit wld beometethi nice e at she a i couldodo togher. R. Sun its s ridilousus. Man of courseacackies s gog toe e hoste, irratnal. Girlpepearl m . Susan yh. H. Girl on s schoonighght . Sususa mmhmhm we are going out. Girl , mom mike a additn to herork in front of and behind the cameras, Susan Sarandon is also an activist and humanitarian. She dedicates her time and resources to advocate for social and political justice. Shes an outspoken voice on issues, such as capital punishment, world hunger, hiv and aids awareness, and lgbtq rights. She served as a unicef goodwill ambassador and goodwill ambassador for the food and Agriculture Organization of the united nations. She recently shifted her focus to helping those affected by the devastating earthquake in nepal. More than 9,000 people died in april of 2015, and those who survived, they are still struggling. Susan sarandon saw that firsthand as she volunteered with live to love international. She was on the ground with the nepalese people and hopes to encourage tourists from around the world to visit that beautiful nation. Shes here to talk about her illustrious cacareer, her r rect work in nepapal. We want t to welcome Susan Sarandon to the show. Susan thank you. Mike do you feel like your life just flashed before you . Susan yeah, i feel like i should lose weight, too. Im looking at. Mike you know whats amazing is we talked about your range, and im not a a stalker,r, but t just so happened i was flipping across the tv the last two weeksand i knew i was going to be interviewing youi saw you in the calling as a police detective, and then i saw you as this grandmother in tammy, and im just amazed at all these different roles. I mean, is it serendipity, or are you just. Susan i did 3 alcoholics in a row that summer. Tammy and the calling were one of them, and i forget which the other one was. Well, you choose from what youre offered, and i dont like to repeat myself, and, you know, things change year to year what youre offered, and, um, yeah. I mean, i see myself as a character actress so i like to do different things. Im not really a very y interesting personality, so i dontyou know, theres some actors that just play themseselves and do that very well, and then there are other people that are more character actors, and im kind of that. Mike you know, uh, i had the opportunity to interview geena davis last year, and she talked about thelma and louise and that people still come up and say stuff to her, andand the great thing about having great roles, its almost like a comet with a tail. I mean, you were telling us when the clips were running that you still run into some of the band playersnow theyre all grown upin that one scene. Um, do you think about that when youre in a role, that, jeez, this things going be around for so long, and im still going to be stopped about it, and you must still be. Susan if only you knew which movies were going to turn out to be around for a while. I mean, thanks to ridldley scott,i mean, thelma and louise, he put us in a veryry heroic kindnf setting inhahat anmadede a great movie,ndnd itnd i it lasted, but erere argreaeat parts th a are imedidioc films, aor tre a areood little filmshahat thstududio dont pppport,nd s so ey disappr,r, andhen n pele finin themater. So i thinkouou learn prettyoooon, prey y earl in a caer to inst in this biness in t doing o it and leto of whahappen to it because you have no control over it, and theresyou know, its just like the rest of the world. Theres no justice. So, um, you never know. You know, you can have a really great script, and it could get ruined by the music they put in, or the editor isnt funny. You can have a mediocre script that, you know, gets better. That doesnt happen too often, butso you dont know, i dont think, and you certaininlyi mean, i have been very lucky in that or strangely zeliglike enough that quite a few of my films have had some kind of social, i dont know, turning point where they became somethingthat meant something at that particular time, and so that helps them also stay around, but certainly when we did the rocky horror show for 1 million, nobody thought it would be resurrected a number of years later and still be around as the longest running film, you know, and thelma and louise, we thought we were making a little cowboy movie with girls and trucks and didnt understand that people would be so offended. Pretty baby, i had no idea that would end up doing what it did, and dead d man walking, we were just so happy to find a way to do it, and then when people actually sat through that to the tune of over 100 million, thats a difficult film. Mike yeah. Susan and the fact that it changed the dialoguei mean, we hoped it would make the conversation about the Death Penalty more r real for both sides, um, but we had no idea it would be economically, you know, a success at all, and tim did a brilliant job withth that, and then, umwith the script and, you know, but, no, you dont know. I think you just do it because you love it, and you try to find adventure and challenge in every part that you do, andand, you know, now imi mean, ii did a movie recently where i didnt have to die or help someone die. That was really refreshing, because you get to a certain age, and suddenly, you know, everything changes. Um, so i was surprised to be off finding those scripts, you know, where there was a romance and still. Mike but its got to be a great feeling to work on something that youre passionate about, and the issues is so important, andand given the fact that you know about the ebbs and flows, you just never know, and then for it to be such a huge commercial success. Susan well, i think every film is political. Every film either reinforces sexism, a ageism, racism, or challenges it, and you dont notice the ones that support the status quo, you notice the ones that challenge it, but every film puts an audience into some place where theyre, you know, looking at their lives, and anything for me that encourages an audience member to be the protagonist inn their own life, ivethats what gets me excited, and so if i can find that and its something that i havent done before, you never know. Theres so many, you knowyou never know what the director is going to do. I i think i was i in geoe roy hills only bomb with robert redford, the great waldo pepper. So youyou know, you just never know. As i said, it trarains you not to cae about the success of what happens later and to do it for the sake of doing it, and so if youre not passionate about playing that person, if you dontif it doesnt scare you a little bit, then i think you shouldnt do it. Mike you arare also a ping pong plplayer, and,d, of course, our audience loves the fact ping pong diplomacy, big huge step between china and the United States. What is it about the sport that you love, andand is susan well, first let me say im more of a propagandist than a player. Im not that great. I mean, theres a rumor that im great, and well keep that going, but im really not that great. Um, first of all, little girls can be t theirads. I mean, c cuts rossss by typepe it cs acrossgege. Is something you n n playorevever itnonot exnsivive. Ust ababt erybody s had me exriencelaying pg pong. Thlearningurve is ry quick into a rtain int, so, you know, the ubs that we havespspin, ich h is franchising now alovover, u know, u can gondnd notustt drink, andououyohaveve something too o on aate. E. Y have sometngng youan d do th your family,utut i le ththe fact thaityou kno itif you rely dece to be very good, um, that it doesnt matter if youre a big, big musclebound guy, and weve been giving tables to the schools, the underserved schools in new y york, and its nonow a scholastic spoport in 4040some schohools, so you can actually get credit, and, umand they were telling g me, when i gave one of the donations recently, that 95 of the kids that joined the ping pong club, or whatever its called, have never joined anything before. So i think its great because ityou know, it is kind of a solitary thing. I mean, you play facetoface, which is whats great for dating. You dont have to wear someone elses shoes, and at spin, we have food and music, and so you can kind of fool around, and then if you want to be serious, you can come back and be competitive, but i think the game itself is very underwelell, itsitsyou know, its an olympic sport. Its not underrated, but a lot of people thought it was just so weird and that only dorky kids did it, but now that all the dorky kids are ruling the world, i thinkand weve made it sexy, andand now you can play and not be in the closet about it. Mike what is it about that papassion . I mean, how dohow o people connect with that passion in you, and you haveits varied. I mean, its not just this one susan but in the business im in, you use your imagination. If you use your imagination, then that leads to empathy, and once you can imagine what it would be like to send your kid off to war, then you empathize with the mother thats being asked to do that. So its a natural progression, and as somebody who i use the term artist very lightly, anybody thats in a creative pursuit is outside, anyway. Were kind of outsiders, really. I dont care how much you try to pretend youre in the middle of things. Its your job, i think, to observe and to give people an opportunity to reframe their lives and get information, and its the kind of business that can really use you, so i prefer to use it rather than be used, and, um, though im not really an expert on anything, it gives me the opportunity to just shine a little light or give a little voice, like today, to people that maybe arent as mediaconnected, and i find that, you know, people have such open hearts and theyre so generous andand really want to know, but theyre just not given the opportunity, and most of the news is corporately ownened and not particularly interesting and kind of on a loop and so theres a lot of little stories that get lost, and thats why we drag up all these old celebrities at the u. N. Or wherever just to be able to put a focus on an issue that it wasnt getting traction before, and unfortunately, thats the way it works these days, so thats what we do. Mike we all saw the imagery that this horrendous event in nepal, um, but a lot of us are kind ofwe watch it, we feel paralyzed, but thats not you. I mean, you went there. Talk to me about going, what you expected to see, what you saw, and what does that do to your psyche, i mean . Susan well, ive never been to nepal before. I actually had a trip planned, and the earthquake hit two days before. Um, its a long way to go. Its not easy for everybody, and honestly, you know, everyone cant just pick up and go and be helpful. Um, sometimes if you show up in a disaster area in the United States, if you cant provide a service, youre more of f a problem if youre another mouth to feed and shelter. So you have to be able to make surere that if you arere going to go somewhere, what your job is and if you can help. Um, in this case, i have friends that are there, um, his holiness, uh, andand live to love is one group, and then pushpa basnet, who i had nominated for the cnn hero and who won and washad built an orphanage, and she takes these kids out of prison, because in nepal, if you go to prison, your kids go with you if they dont have anywhere to go, and so her house collapsed and her kids were in a field, and i was very concerned, and his holiness arranged for me to go andandand the nuns protected me, and i had a great stay and could go up and help deliver rice andand oil andand baby food up in the hills and also seethe other part of my mission was to show people that everything hadnt fallen down. I mean, theres still such bututifulemplples and nepal isucuch an extrrdrdinarcoununtr i meaea ththes ve few couriries tt you cago to th h have mucuch history andandrere so beautiful, and when the monsoons end, theyll be ready to have peopleome, andand so part of iwawas tobecacaus the clips th w we we getetti, i dit pect to e anythi stding. Mean, we jt kept seeing the same buildings falling over and over, right . So, um, i think i was worried about, you know, how dangerouspeople didnt want me to go because theywell, the whole time we were there, there were still. Mike sure, aftershocks, right . Susan aftershocks the entire time, 44 and 5something, you know, but this was right at the beginning. When my sonmy son went afterjack henry went afteter i came back toto hel pushpa, and, um, he didnt experience any aftershock, so i think itsyou know, its calmed down, um, but i saw an amazing resilience ofi mean, people are having to take the bricks from their houses that havent completely fallen down and take the cement off them and pile them and rebuild, and its justyoknknow, sitss aits a big deal, um, but, um, i was happy to know what i could do toifif it meant, you know, toto skype from there and to really just bring the message back that nepal is still worth traveling to and, umand that theyre going to survive and that, you know, theseweveweve gotten some grants for pushpa so were trying to rebuild andand just to g give a hand, to sing with the kids and play with the kids, and i brought chalk, and we got donationsns of health fod bars, and i broughtmy son brought boots the next time that we, you knowwe were justbecausejust to get things to people was very difficult, so we were also carrying as much as we could to help i iediately. Mimike well, getting stuff to people is still a bit of an issue. Live to love, very much involved with that. Youre very much involved with them. Carrie lee from live to love is going to join us right after this short break, and well continue our conversation about the latest efforts to rebuild nepal. Want to welcome you back to full frame. Susan loves our music, by the way, and joining us now is carrie lee. Shes with live to love international, and so the two of these obviously connected and know a great deal about whats going on in nepal. Were going to continue our conversation about a country that was really hit hard, hammered by this earthquake, and, carrie, i know that your people are still on the ground. Theyre still in tents. Kind of us give an update, because susan makes a really good point, you know, that this news cycle, its 24 hours, unless its caitlyn jenner, and then it seems like it goes on for forever, and this important stuff tends to kind of go by the wayside. Give us an idea ofa scenesetter, if you will, of whats going on right now. Carrie absolutely, and first of all, thank you to full framee and susan for keeping a spotlight on nepal. Its probably the most important thing, um, for us in this development of relief work, and susan, who has done movies about helping people die, well, shes done a lot of work on helping live in nepal, so thats greatly appreciated. Um, on the ground now is monsoon season. Welive to love focuses on particular communities where there are a lot migrant workers. A good chunk of nepals population goes abroad for work, leaving women, children, and the elderly to cope with recovery. So those arere the communities that we focus on. Mike mmhmm. Carrie um, once monsoon season is over, and i think nepalim prettyty convinceded that nepals ready y to take on tourists. Y u know, we were First Responders at one point, and now were sort of coping with monsoon season and making sure that there isnt widespread disease and getting everyone sheltered and building up, and by the time monsoon seasonseason is over, umum, well be e ready for tourism. Mike let me ask both of you, and, susan, maybe you can take first crack at this. It seems to me that storys always, thethe battered, you know. Theyretheyre battered, and i think the one story that often is missing, and im sure you saw it firsthand, is the resiliency of people when theyre dealing with Something Like this. So what were some of the takeaways for you . Susan well, you see people sharing. I i mean, when wewe wet up into the hills, uh, the nuns were so organized, and they had everyones names, and so we were meeting with all these people, and they were taking care of each other and finding the people that werent there, so i think theres s a lot of cooperation. Um, you did see a lot of women and children. I think that, you know, so therewhatever the males were in the village that were still around or the young guys that hadnt gone off to work were helping taking care of, you know, some of the older people, um, but i see it in the kids, too. You know, i see how much they resespond to the love t tht pushpa gives them, even though theyve had very difficult beginnings and even though theyve had, um, a very difficult time surviving and have a bit of a stigma on them. Theytheyretheyre very resilient, and, um, iii think that there have been so many plans. I mean, his holiness came up very quickly. They were coming up with anot just a plan, but a, umthe actual tin roofs and things to build to rebuild and howhow they would shelter these people because ththe pressure was knowing that the monsoons were coming, so, i mean, it wasnt as if it was total chaos, you know. Itthere was a lot of need, and there was a lot of devastation, but there were also a lot of minds that were figuring things out. Mike yeah, and the strength of the people, i mean, you must have seen that, as well. I meanand youand youand people on the ground see it every day, im sure. Carrie itthats absolutely right. Um, theyre survivors, you know. Thethe himalayas isbeen critical to stabilizing that region, and its often overlooked, and the Nepali People have given so much to the rest of the world in terms of culture and tradition and art, and now its time, i think, that people give back to nepal. Mike and ive t talked to people, you know, shortly after the devastation about what its like to come into an area thats been devastated by a huge earthquake or a tsunami or whatever, and thatthat rebuilding stage isis so lengthy, and, as you said, the spotlight goes off. Um, any idea how long its going to take thefor nepal to get back up on its feet . Because this person was saying one of the things that you hope for anytime you go into a situation like that is a really strong infrastructure, and in nepal, thereits not as strong as youd like. So im sure that adds to the layers of complexity. So what was your sense coming away, susan . Susan um, well, i thinkyou know, i think that there are a lot of individual groups that are helping in very real ways. I mean, look how long it took us to deal with ground zero, and that was bureaucracy and some corruption and everything else, you know, andand what i saw therere was that thethe difference was made by individuals who were going out when i was down there for months and months. There are individuals going out and getting pizzas and, you know, before anything could come in, and i think that thats the strength of nepal, also, is that theyre not waiting for the top to come and do it. There are all these on the ground people that havehave very quickly and very efficiently found ways to deal, uh, and to build, andand, like i said, you know, one of my jobs was shopping. I took the nuns shopping to go to these really cool little crafty places and stuff because we wanted people to see that theres a lot thats still up. Its nottheres hotels and there are restaurants, and, you know, there was a lot of devastation, and we cant minimize that, and there is a great need for money to keep coming in, but its alsoits important not to just write it off. Mike you know, i think susans hitting on something thats really important, and we saw this with haiti, where, you know, these big institutions come in, and theyre going to do everything. Itit really takes the people. It takes this collaboration for it to work right and susan but even in haiti, like, the money didnt get spent by a lot of these big groups, and artists for peace and justice that i work with in haiti built a high school over the years since the earthquake and have gotten in there and done things, and, again, itsyou know, youifyou cant go into a placeanytime youre trying to do help, you have to have a really Good Relationship with the people that live there. You have to understand the culture. Mike exactly. Susan you have to understand how to get things to them not only physically but psychologically. You know, you cant just go in and be big and bulky, andand then i find that theresyou know, i saw one of the big agencies that i wont mention, but they were staying in the best hotel. They were all eating these great lunches while everyone else was scurrying around in nepal, and so i always say if you want to help, find the groups that are in there that have the history thatand see what they do and investigate where youre putting your money, and thats why i stand behind this group and pushpa because i know, you know, thereres not a lot of overhead. I know that they know what theyre doing. I know that the money goes there, and thats really important if you want to help. Mike and one of the things youre advocating is tourism. I mean, you knowow, likeand, carrie, you had a chance to chat with me about this, too. I mean, yes, itsits hip, but as you mentioned, you know, hotels are still there. Itsits a good time to go back. Thats the lifeblood ofof that country in many respects. Its really important that people support it in that way, as well. Susan absolutely. Mike yeah. Andand you see this as critical, as well . Carrie i do. I do. You know, itsits not just about getting first aid. Um, its not just about rebuilding buildings. Its about empowering the peoples to have a livelihood and empowering the economies that need to be jumpstarted again, and this is a great opportunity, also, to empower women and children who havent had Economic Opportunities before to be able to have a fresh start and partake, um, inin the new economies that are going to risese. Mike and come back even stronger. Susan thats a goodyeah, come back in a different way than there has been and actually see this is a rebirth of new ideas and better ideas. You know, sometimes when things have to fall apart to be rebuililt in a more interesting way. At least thats what im hoping as i look at everything falling apart, um, and here, too, that it gives you a chance to regroup, to reboot, to rethink, and thats a great point that you can start all these Little Industries for women that have been so successful in so many countries. Mike susan knows how to sift through and find organizations like yours. Whats your suggestion to people out there who may be watching andand want to actually connect with the right kind of organization . Carrie you know, i believe in investing in ngos that arere flexible on the ground and that are alreready part of the indigenous fabric. So live to love has been in nepal since inception. Were a big part of the himalayan community. You can learn more about us at livetolove. Org, but also keeping the spotlight on nepal, keeping engaged in whats going on, and, um, keeping the awareness wheel going is very important. Mike and, sususan, you gave, yu went, you were there, you were on the ground,d, butbut you get, as well, when you leave there. What are some of the takeaways, thethe lasting images or things that stay with you . Susan well, ifirst of all, im moved by everybody that helps. Im moved by the way the communities bond together. Im moved by pushpa and the kids and how, you know, in thein the face of everything else, these kids are so hopeful. Its so easy in the world today to lose faith because the stories that get all theallall of the heat are horrible stories and the worst of humankind and the worst of greed and selfishness and everything else, and so when you go to a place and you see peopleand its funny, because, for instance, in new yorkand im a born and bred new yorkerthe same people that you see building houses for habitat for humanity were down at ground zero. I mean, itsthe community of bad guys is all the same, and the community of good guys is all the same, andand i think that really its so selfish to get involved in these things because it gives you hope at a time when thats really difficult to have sometimes when you pick up the paper and everythings so overwhelming, and so i came back just feeling like i had been to a different world where i wasnt so important, and people were gigiving everything they had andand joyfully. You know, i think the misconception that people have about dogooders, every country ive ever been in, theyre just the most passionate, happiest, most celebratory. I mean, his holiness is laughing all the time in the face of everything, and so something must fill you up fromffrom having a connection, a passionate connection with your country with something that you believe in and with being able to see that you affect even one life, you know, and turn someone around and give them options that they never wouldve had with just a little bit of money, too, or just a little bit of time to empower these people that areare doing it the real way. I mean, im just a little dilettante compared to what people that really dig in and do these things all the time, but, um, i left feeling empowered. I left feeling grateful that i could be part of it, just being very, very grateful for, um, all the support that the nuns, my posse, the nuns were great. These young women that just glow because theyre connected to what they want to be connected to and, of course, his holiness and pushpa and the kids, so i came back. I hadnt slept at all. I was completely turned around. Seriously, i was on the verge of hallucinations, i think, but i never slept, and i never felt tired. I really justyou know, its a big trip, and youre completely in the wrong day or something, and 15 minuteslike, its a day and 15 minutes or something crazy. Carrie well, i just saw the kung fu nuns yesterday, and by way y of bacround, u l live love has on ouound ptners. W callhehem unficicial the k kg fu nuns. Thearare thnunsns o the druk o orderandd traditiolllly, ithe e hilayann region, nunserere suervivien to men a d didnt t ha much h a leadshship re. H his liness, the gyalngng drua, who sun n has en r refring to, cicided e empow thehese men to take leaderipip rol, and fofortunely,y, me consvavativeockeketsere quque upset,ndnd the nununs ar thehe brunt a a lotf acactsf violencehihis honessss, e gyalwangrurukpa oughght ng and hard owhat to a and whether was timtoto bac down but deceded, inead, to ain thesnuns in the art of kung fu,hihichich h al gave them a l of physal selfcondence, a now ey local re modede in thr villag, in comnities theve tveled e world d did monstrions at ympic park, atxford unersity, t the eat partas theyve nosince ve iested, since e lineage d his holine and theommuni inveed in poweringhese nuns aand givi them a sense of confidence, they felt Strong Enough to be First Responders, and theyre the ones that are river rafting supplies to the most remote villages. Its a great example of what women could do i in this region. Theyve been traditionally overlooked, and now theyre paying it forward. Mike well, weve got two great women here. Susan thank you. Mimike growing that community f good guys, and its good to see, and thank you both for coming on. Susan thank you foror having u. Mike anshararing your s storie. Really apprereciate it. Coming p next, well meet another female visionary working to make a global impact. The american magazine people calllls her, quote, the most famous woman in china, while Time Magazine proclaimed her the queen of the middle kingdom. Chineseamerican yuesai kan is an awardwinning Television Host and producer, fashion icon, bestselling author, humanitarian, and successful entrepreneur. Shes been a figure in both chinese and American Media for decades. She produced and hosted the chinese series one world, making her the First American to host a tv show in china. That made her a household name in the c country. Shortly after, she launched her own cosmetics brand, the first foreignowned Makeup Company in all ofof chin. It soon became the leading cosmetic company in the country. In 2001, unicef named her its first and ononly chineseamerican say yes ambabassador foror children. N. s also dedicated to several chinese nonprofit organizations which are commmmitted to the betterment and advancement of women and children, and shes launched her own initiative to build schools, libraries, and award scholarships to outstanding underprivileged students. Joining us now to share more about her remarkable crosscultural life is yuesai kan, and welcome to full frame. Yuesai hi. Hi, michael. Mike so tell me about your childhood. Iii get the sense that art was a big part of it. Tell me about growing up andand whether or not that contributed to who you are today, you think. Yuesai im sure that childhood is very important for justst about anybody. My mom was never a, really, artist, but my father was. Mom was aaanan enabler forfor artist. Mymy mom was very supportive of my father, and when i wanted to play the piano, for example, she would drive me to the schoolto theto the class every day. I mean, she would arrange for the piano lessons and everything. So in a way, you know, my mom was most instrumental in helping us to become very artistic, but my father was a true artist and a true gentleman. You know, hes a typical chinese gentleman. Hefor example, he played the erhu, which is a chinese instrument. My father paints beautifully. Hes ahes ahe was a calligrapher, and so we grew up when we were little just with a lot of art in ourin our family. We had awe had the piano first before wewe had a tv. So it was really fun, andand i remember, we used to have his paintings all over thehe house, so having paintings in the bathroom is ais a normal thing for us, andand, you know, and in china, you dontyou dont see that, actually. So wewe feel very privivileged that we grew up in such a family. Mike so you start there, and then at some point, you enter a beauty pageant. So its not just art, its art and beauty, which is why you are who you are today, i guess, in a sense. Tell me how that changed you. Yuesai well, i was in school in college in hawaii at byu, and one day, they came to me and said, the school voted you to represent the university to run in ain ain a beauty pageant. I said, beauty pageant . I was 19 years old. I was, you know, clueless. In those days, 19i was a clueless 19yearold. Ok, we had no internet, no nothing, andand, of course, you know, as typically a girl who grew up in a chinese kind of family, my mom never thinks that a girl being beautiful is an important thing. You know, we never even thought of that. So when i entered the contest for the university, theiit was the first time i got in touch with somebody who actually taught me how to use makeup. Wow, ii said, this is magical. I can change the way i look by using purely a lipstick or eye shadow, you know, tototo change. If i dont like my nose, i can make it differently. You know, imit is just magical. I wasi think it has a lot to do with thelater on, the fascination i have with cosmetics, and then, of course, when youre being trained forforfor a beauty pageant, they teach you how to face the camera, how to answer a question, you know, even difficult questions, andand as a young woman, i really was very impressionhow do you say itveryvery impressed by this whole entire experience. So i think it had a lot to do with what i did in the future in television, and if i didnt have that beauty pageant experience, i probably never would have had my careers afterwards. Mike yeah. They were all kind of building g blocks along the way, in a sense. So tell me about going into tv, and, umandand the interesting thing is that you have been able to bridge thisthiswhich is astonishing, in a sensein that that you have been able to capture an american audience and a chinese audience. Theres very few that canto claim to do that. So tell me about theentering tv. How did that come about . And was itwas it just happenstance, or was thisthis goaloriented . Im going to gotvs next or. Yuesai no. No, no. No, not goaloriented. A friend ofof mie came to me and said he was starting histhe First Chinese language cable showin those days, cable showand for chinese, in chinese, and he said, can you come in for a day everyeveryevery week . And id like you to interview some people and do some [indistinct] translation and read some news for me and all that, and i said, oh, this sounds like a lot of fun. You know, and i took it veryvery lightly, but i did give a day of my life in thosein those two years, and, i must tell you, that was a lot of fun. You know, television is a lot of fun. You know, before you and i do this interview, it didnt exist, right . Our talk did not exist, but we are now, right, creating a story, wherewhere, i think, that maybe hopefully millions of people will see. So to me, it was just a fascinating process. So it got me so fascinated that i decided that im going to just really do it, andand besides, when ni was doing that volunteer job, and i would do a show on qigong, and the phone would ring off thethe hook, and i would do a program about how the chinese will celebrate a chinese new year, all the dishes, and all that. People will ring off the hook. So i knew that there was a group of americans in america who are verywho were very, very interested in asia, and, you know, thereyeah, there was absolutely no place where they could getget that information. So i started a show called looking east, and that showand later on, we filmed all over asia, and it was actually really the forerunner of anthony bourdain, you know. Mike yeah, right, right. So tell me about looking east. I mean, was itwas it a hard sell . I mean. Yuesai no. There wasof course, everything, as we know, is hard, and theres nothing easy about doing anything, actually, because you have to findi was the boss, and i had to find the cameramen. I have to find sponsors. I havei have to do all of that by myself because iits a small little company. So it was not so very easy. The hardest ththig is when we went around the country, around the world, you know, really to do local shooting. That isthats, you know, its hard, because, you know, especially when i started shooting for one world and went all over the country, language is a problelem, you knknow, and financining is a problem. Its hardits not easy. Mike so you had mentioned you were a clueless 19yearold. Do you think you were clueless whwhen you entered the tv business, if you knew how difficult it was going to be . Yuesai totally. Totally. Totally. But, actually, what was encouraging is that i got a phone call from mike wallace, and he said to me, he said, you know, byby circumstanceceby happenstance, i saw you on television interviewing an expert on netsuke you know, thethe japanese, you know, thethe carvcarvingandand he said, it was fabulous. He said, it was and iand iand i was so stunned, you know. That was mike wallace, and i said, mike, can you do me a favor . Give megive me that [indistinct] in writing so i can put it in myinin our material. And he did. Hehe saidhe said, yuesai is aan unsung glory on television. You know, wow. I said, that was veryit was very encouraging. Ii enjoyedi enjoyed television only because itsit isagain, you know, its aa magical media. You know, itit actually make things happen, you know, at that moment, ititbut the key realally i prododucing both for china a and United States, itsits athe difficulty is that i need to make sure that i know exactly what the american audience want, andand i also have to know really what the chinese audience wants, and whenif i know that clearly thatat i can prepare t the programs. If i dont know, itthe biggest problem sometimes is that the people dont know the cultures well enough. Mike right, right. Well, they want different things, dont they . The u. S. Audience andtheres probably some similarities, but theres probably differencnces, too. Yuesai yes. Yes, absolutely, you know, and thats where communication sometimes breaks down because some of those translations are different, you know, andandandand theand the mindset is different. Mike do you think you had a sixth sense going in of what the audiences wanted or. Yuesai no, no, no. Mike was it something that evolved over time . Yuesai well, for example, when i was d doing lookining east, i know American Culture very well. I have lived here for many years, soand i happen to know the eastern culture, so i was able to say, oh, well, this would be very interesting for the americans. So that was a big help, you knowow, and when i was producing for china, the same thing happens. I said, you know, i know what the Chinese People want to hear, and i know i can produce that for them. Mike youve hadad such an amazing trajectory, and yet one of the things i think is interestingbefore the broadcast here, we were chattingyou just went to the state dinner, and you sat next to Henry Kissinger, and im just thinking without Henry Kissinger and richard nixon, your life would have been entirely different. Yuesai yours, too. Mike andyeah, exactly. Youre absolutely right. And here you were sitting next to this man, who manyin many ways opened so many doors to you and really created this rich life. Did you talk to him about it at all . Yuesai yes, of course. Ii have interviewed Henry Kissinger twice, and wewe have done a number of things together, and i see him all the time, and in fact, he has incredible memory even at thisat this juncture. You look at him, hes sort of a little bit slower and, you know, is sort of stoopy, butbut he was very alert. You know, when hewhen obama came over to o talk to us, obama waws actually asking him for his opinion about something. So kissinger is an extraordinary person even today, and he reminded me a few days after the state dinner when i saw him again, he said, didnt we like neyo, you know, the performer, andand i thought, wow, this guy really had an amazingand he said, wasnt that a great dinner we had . It was a greathe was wonderful, and he said to me, he said, you know,w, obama hates s state dinnerers. He said to m me, he said, ive hadive gone to hundreds of state dinners, he said, all through the years, and do you know that obama really does not like state dinners . He saidand i was laughing, and i said, if i were obama, i wouldnt, eitithe, because he has t to shake 200 pairs of hands, and who the hell wants to do that, right . Mike [laughs] thats a good point. O one of the things i wat to talk to you about is cultural dialogue, um, andand communication, you know, this bridge concept, again. One of the things i think is really interesting about the chinese president , president xi, of course, years ago, went to muscatine, iowa, had this amazing experience. Doesnt even have thedoesnt have the language but still has this connection, and hes, of course, pushing a lot of that, the back and forth. In muscatine, theythey have pictures of him everywhere. I mean, theyyou know, this little town in iowa, theyre in love with china and the chinese president. Talk to me about opening that door, because youve been successful with that, and cultural dialogue, the back and forth, how important is it . How much more needs to happen . Yuesai oh, a lot more. Mike yeah. Yuesai a lot more. Ii think that still americans know very little about china. I was talking to the chinese consul general here and this brilliant woman. I s said, what is the difficultmost difficult thing for you . She says, most difficult is to make americans understand china, because theres a lot of misunderstanding, a lot of fear about the power of china today, uh, andand its theitsits aits a lot of misgiving. I think that a lot has to do with the fact ththat they dont rereally travl between each other that much. You know, ififif you take a trip to china and you see it for yourself, what china is all about, and you are connecting with real chinese, you know firsthand what it is happening, what is happening there and what they are really like. The same thing as coming to United States. You know, theres ai see a lot of negative things in thein the social media. Theres some chinese say terrible things about, you know, americicans. I said, i wish they would come here, speak the language, and understand what they really are. So wonderful people. Truly, americans are wonderful people. Mike and the same is true of the chinese. Yuesai exactly. Mike i meanandand itt really is. Itsits frustrtrating. I mean, i imagine it must be more frustrating for you because youve been doing this a lot long than i have, but sometimes i sit there, and i talk to people. Im like, what planet are you on . I mean, the ignorance leveland itand it gets to the heart of what youre saying. I mean, if you travel there and really see the country, which ive had the good fortune of, and you have, as well, um, theres so many similarities. Theres not as many dissimilaritieses. Yuesai well, president xi jinping said something really thatthat i remember very well during the state dinner. He said, you know, we have a lot of things in common, america and china, and yet we also have many things that are notwe dont sesee eye to e eye, but we must have a very, umwe must have an open mind about the things that we are not in agreement with and try to resolve these agreements, so that when one adds one, it is more than two. I thought that was just the most impressive thing. You know, it was ait wasit wasit was exactly, i think, how he feels about our relationship, and ifif we can take that as an example of how we should look at our differences between you as an american, i think we will do very well, much better, actually. Mike youyou were mentioning to me that youre very involved ininin charity work. You just did an event, i think you were sayingng, with brent scowcroroft here inherere in the u. S. , but you do it in the u. S. And china, so i want to ask you about howwhat are the differences there in terms of doing charity work in both countries . Yuesai oh, charity by itself is really something very new in china. America is a giving country. Its one of the most generous countries i know. Itsthe americans compared to the europeans, for example, are so generous, and there is a culture of giving, and you look at these big, big, big entrepreneurs in the old days. They were already beginning to give a lot of differences, and just look around america. You know, youll see how much ishow much giving is done on an hourly basis, a minute basis. You know, the americans are great givers, and china, you know, because of communism, you know, the chinesethethethe doctrine is that from the day youre born, from cradle to grave, the government is supposed to take care of you. That is whats supposedthat its supposed to do. So when the workthe idea of Charity First came, there was a lot of embarrassment from the governments point of view, that theythey arethat they are unable to take care of their citizens. Its very interesting, right . Mike mmhmm. Yuesai and now its very different now. I have been doing a lot of charities, and especially in the last 20 years, people are changing. People are changing. Well, of course, i can say that a lot of people are doing auctions at an extraordinary amount of moneyfor an extraordinary amount of money because they want the television to be on them, you know, because they want everybody to know how rich they are, but the same thing happens in america too, right . Mike it sure does. Yuesai it sure does. So they are beginning to be giving. They are beginning to understand the value of giving. I think that thisthis is athis is a v very good beginning, and i find the chinese really quite generous. I have no problem doing our charity in china alli mean, every year, we do extremely well, and sometitimes, i have hd an incident where prince robert of hautbrion gave me two cases of wine, amazing wines, to auction. Weour auctionthethe success of our auction, the money that we raised with those two cases were bigger than hong kong. Mike wow. Yuesai they have the same two cases. Soso i am very impressed with how generous the Chinese People are these days. Mike let me ask you one final question, more kind of for my own edification. Um, youve done so many interviews in your career. What do you think the key is totooto kind o of unprying the person andand really openining them up toto getting them toto reveal who they are, because you do a fantastic job at it. Whatwhats the key to that, do you think . Yuesai ask outrageous questions. Ha ha ha questions that he would never expect you to be asking. I remember one time, iii interviewed thethe Prime Minister of thailand, and i saidi saidpeople would never expect me to ask such a stutupid questioni saidi saidi said, mr. Prime minister, you are still single. Doesntdoesnt your mother get very n nervous about you being single . And he just startedhe just cracked u up, you know. It wasit was so funny for a ququestion t thatd it started him talkingng about, you know, the fact that he really is very h happy being single, blahah, blah, blah. Sososo i think that, youou kn, you have to know them well enough, you know, to be ablo ask such questions. I think the more personaldont you think the more personal it is, the better it is that, you know, you findyou know, you find out more about that person . Mike yeah, some people dont want to open up, but youve done a great job of it. Thanks so much for coming on the broadcast, really enjoyed it. Thank you. W well be right back with this weeks full frame closeup. Stay put. Hes known to break every rule of typography and design. Edward fella is an exceptional Graphic Designgner, artist, and educator. Two typefaces he created, outwest and fella, have had a huge influence on contemporary typography. His work can be described as original, idiosyncratic, and authentic. During his commercial art days, fella rarely used the computer. He preferred handmade compositions. Other designers followed whatts known as the swiss ststyle of graphphic desi. It w was developed in the 19505, and it emphasized cleanliness and readability. Fella went in another direction, creating something more eccentric and quirky. Now retired, he still influences the art world and encourages artists to keep their work authentic despite what others are doing. Ed when i worked in the profession, iii was pretty conventional. You had to work wiwith the c conventionsns. It o be appropriate for the audience. I always said design was,s, you know, permission givn and allowance taken, so, you know, from the permission that the culture gave you or the demographics gave you or the necessity gave you, you could take a little bit of allowance and, you know, tweak it a bit or twist it a bit. So thats one of the problems with Graphic Design. So it has these different audiences. If you are doing a manual for a brain surgeon, you want it to be very readable. In fact, youas a Graphic Designer, you try to make it even more readable, right . But then if its something more radical or experimental or provocative, then you can do these kinds of things. You knowow, detroit was itsat t its height bacack in e sixties and seventies, a and, yu know, it was a major city and a major place for advertising design. So i was a commercial artist or Graphic Designer in the profession for 30 years, and those were all good years when there was lots of work. The second part of my life was when iafter 30 years, imy kids were grgrown up, so i decided, well, its time to reretire from that. Uh, and then i went to graduate school and then graduated at the age of 49, and then i got a teaching job here at cal arts. Then i taught here in the graduate program for 25 years, and then i retired. And during that career of teaching, i didnt do any more professional work. I just did my personal kind of explorations and my, you know, experimenting. And,d, also, i dididnt do c cor work or didigital rk b because that was just t at the pointnt e i retired whwhen the digitital a began, so i nevever did anythihg didigital, otherer than concepeptually. I alalways saym a Graphic Designer and artist from thehe last century, the middle of the last century. This body of work, these flyers that i did probably for 30 years, allowed me to play out all these type of graphic ideas, so i wouldif i did a lecture, i would briring aa stack of the flyers that i did, that were kind of a souvenir piece. It was the sameit was an announcement for the lecture that i just gave. Like, even this was an announcement for an exhibition that i had. The gallery was called red cat, so instead ofit never says red cat on there. Theres just this red cat. Andbut then, these became kind of my body of work, but then they becamebut then, in a sense, they became art, right . Because theythey never did function as communication. Art is always after the fact. Art starts when its shown, right . It doesnt exist literally ununtil you show it. Then there it is, and then itthen its there forever, riright . It just has a beginnin. It has no end, whereas Graphic Design has an end. The end is always the event, the communication, theyou know, whatever, thethe magazine, the newspaper. So these flyers kind of contradicted that. They didnt have to be persuasive, for example. They could just be about typography itself. In 1976, somebody gave me a sketchbook, and said, why dont you put all those kind of stuff in a book . Also, it would be this size. Thats when i started the little sketchbooks, the pocket sketchbooks. So this isyou can see howhow many there are. Each page is a finished page. So its a kind of experimental typography, using. And theyretheyre carefully done, and some of them have to do with typography, and some have to do with collage, and some are just pure drawing. Well, this is an example of totally, there are now about a 139 of these books, and each book has about 100 pages in it or 80 to 100 pages. Its not like i spent all my time drawing. It looks like it when the years go by. So, yeah, younger people sometimes say, oh, my god, you must do nothing but draw all day lonon but, no, its not true. I always t tell them, yeah. Youthe factor is time, time. Ha ha ha my reputation is something that just came because i made some work, and i always say, you know, to students, ive always said, you just have to make an undeniable body of work. And then people somehow respond to it. I dont want them to be ed fella. I want to them whoever they are. What iwhat i am to people is a model, a model for practice, not a model for the work, riright . Its a model on how toto make your work, how to think about design, andand all that, but not a style or aor an answer. You have to, or you want to, and people do want to have their own, right . Nobody wants to copy somebody, realally. The visionary business then just becomes, you know, a moment in time. It comes, and it goes, and i dont know if theyre deliberately visionaries, but just because they have a certain idea of what they want to do, and they bebecome that, and i always quoted for years to my students, Barnett Newman said, i paint so i have something to look at, and i think thats the best. Heyou know, you just do it so you have something to do, and then, hopefully, it will also satisfsy you or a larger culture, and if not, then itit doesnt, and if t does, then, hey, lucky you. Ha ha ha but youre still making it because you believe somehow in wanting to do that. Mike thats it for this week. Join the conversation with us on social media. We are cctv america on twitter, facebook, and youtube, and now you can watch full framam on our new mobile app, available worldwide on any smartphone for free. Get the latest News Headlines and connect to us on facebook, twitter, youtube, and weibo. Search cctv america on your app store to download today. All of our interviews can still be found online at cctvamerica. Com, and let us know what youd like us to take full frame next. Simply email us at fullframe cctvamerica. Com. Until then, im mike walter in new york city. Y. Well see you next time. Bq was it a conscious d decisio, or a momentary lapse of reason . Be considered a way of life . Could it be we are connected to all things in the universe, not the center of it . That suburbsbs in los angeles affect the melting icecaps of antarctica . Deforestation in the congo affects the typhoons of japan . Now we must face the insurmountable challenges for what they really are opportunities to reinvent and redesign. E2, the economies of being environmnmentally conscious