Corporate funding is provided by mutual of america designing customized individual and Group Retirement products. Thats why were your retirement company. Additional support has been provided by and by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. From the tisch wnet studios at Lincoln Center in new york, hari sreenivasan. Sreenivasan good evening, and thanks for joining us. The Trump Administrations Foreign Policy team is articulating dual priorities for the United States in syria. Today, secretary of state Rex Tillerson said the ongoing fight against the Islamic State group, or isis, which is headquartered in raqqa, syria, remains the primary goal. Our priority is, first, the defeat of isis remove them from access to the caliphate, because that is where the threat to the homeland and so many of our homelands of our Coalition Partners is emanating from. Sreenivasan tillerson added, in his trip to moscow this week, he will press russian leaders to fulfill their 2013 pledge to force syrian president Bashar Alassad to surrender his chemical weapons. Assads chemical attack on a rebelheld syrian town prompted President Trump to order a u. S. Missile counterstrike last week. Mr. Trumps ambassador to the united nations, nikki haley, said in addition to defeating isis, the u. S. Does not see a peaceful resolution in syria while alassad remains in power. Getting assad out is not the only priority. So, what were trying to do is, obviously, defeat isis. Secondly, we dont see a peaceful syria with assad in there. Thirdly, get the iranian influence out. Sreenivasan members of congress in both parties are calling on President Trump to obtain congressional authorization for further military action in syria. I took the same position with respect to president obama. We are a nation where you are not supposed to initiate military action, start a war, without a plan that is presented to and approved by congress. Sreenivasan in an apparent show of force against north korea, the pentagon has ordered a u. S. Navy strike group in Pacific Ocean waters to move toward the korean peninsula. The strike group was headed from singapore to australia, when its orders changed, in what a Navy Spokesman called a prudent measure to maintain readiness. The Group Includes three guided missile cruisers and the nuclearpowered carrier u. S. S. Carl vinson, which has more than 40 warplanes. Analysts say north korea might mark the april 15 rthday of its founding president with another Missile Launch or its sixth Nuclear Weapons test. National security adviser h. R. Mcmaster was asked about the maneuver in an interview today on fox news sunday. What must happen is the denuclearization of the korean peninsula. And so, the president has asked us to be prepared, to give him a full range of options, to remove that threat to the American People and to our allies in the region. Sreenivasan in egypt today, bombs ripped through two coptic Christian Churches during palm sunday services, killing at least 45 people and injuring more than 100 others. Egypts president Abdel Fattah Alsisi declared a state of emergency and ordered the army to help Police Maintain security nationwide. The Islamic State group, isis, claimed responsibility for both bombs, as it escalated attacks against Egypts Christian minority. The first and deadlier bombing was in a church in the nile delta city of tanta, about 60 miles from cairo. Later, a suicide bomber hit alexandrias saint marks cathedral, the seat of egypts coptic church. Pope francis, who plans to visit egypt later this month, denounced the bombings and expressed his condolences. Sreenivasan the Trump Administration is revamping the h1b visa program for highly educated and skilled foreign workers. The application period for the employersponsored visas opened last monday, and by friday the 85,000 Slots Available were gone. This means, as usual, there will be a lottery for the h1b visas later this year. Joining me from miami to discuss changes to the program is usa today immigration reporter alan gomez. The h1bb visas are giving people perspective, something the Tech Industry has wanted and uses for a long time. Exactly. Companies like ibm, microsoft, google have been bringing in these workers for a long time. What they argue is that there is is just not enough American Workers that are graduating in the stem fields, in steins, technology, engineering, matd mattics to fill all the jobs that they need. These workers from oversees who are especially trained in these fields to augment and to build and to continue increasing their businesses. Its been controversy ever since it was introduced, there have been people complaining this is taking away american jobs. Yes, it has been incredibly hear how undocumented immigrants are taking lower stilled jobs from American Workers but that argument has absolutely carried over into the hightech field. The argument is that a lot of these companies that people claim are firing American Workers, american computer programmers, technicians, systems ansyss, it workers and getting rid of their higher salaries and replacing them with these h1b workers who can come in in some cases and dot work for cheaper. In some cases, for example, last year disney world was accused of laying off hundreds of workers and evening having them train their indian replacements to take over their jobs. So this is something that has gotten a lot of people very upset and a lot of traction throughout the republican president ial Campaign Last year. That wasnt the intent of the law as it was designed. How does the Trump Administration plan to fix it. This is one of the areas that were not exactly sure where President Trump sits. There are people within his administration, for example, attorney general Jeff Sessions has been railing against the h1b program for years. And so we saw just on monday the department of justice issue a notice on that first phase of the h1rbgsb applications saying the department of justice was goes to increase their audits of American Companies and overseas companies that use these visas to crack down abuse and to make clear that they prpbility going to allow just basically entry level computer programmers to come in through the h1rbgs b program to really focus the program on what it was intended to do these very high skilled, very hard to find experts to bring in to the United States. What is the Ripple Effect if these audits take place or if the process slows down. What could happen is you have got these Tech Companies t is already hard to geese these. As you mentioned one out of every three or four applications are put in actually get granted. So that is already hard to plan for something that you have to put an application in, it takes several months for it to come in and then if the federal government comes and says in auditing the request and the visas granted, that creates more ll, businesses need stability,ry they need some sort of predict ability what what their workforce and future is going to look like t will just make it more difficult for these companies to operate and plan for expansion, plan for new programs, things like that. All right u. S. A. Today immigration reporter alan gomez, thanks so much. Thank you. Sreenivasan President Trump has asked congress for funds to hire an additional 10,000 federal immigration agents. Thats to help increased efforts to arrest and deport some of the estimated 11 million undocumented immigrants in the u. S. The administration also plans to hold back federal funds from socalled sanctuary cities, that limit local Law Enforcement cooperation with federal immigration officials. In tonights signature segment, newshour weekend special correspondent Joanne Jennings reports on how the trump approach is playing out in two different parts of california, where an estimated twoanda half to three million undocumented immigrants live. Reporter Fresno County, in the heart of californias central valley, is best known for its agricultural products, and the vast majority of people picking those crops are immigrants from mexico and central america. More than half of Fresno Countys one million residents are latino, and about 85,000 are estimated to be undocumented. Like this woman we agreed to call gloria, a farm worker who came to the u. S. As a teenager 20 years ago. translated i left my family behind, my parents, my brothers, in mexico, so i could come here to work. Ive continued to work and never stopped. Its heavy, heavy labor. Reporter even though the work is hard, gloria says, she has a good life with her three americanborn kids. But shes afraid she might lose it all. translated i fear that at any moment i can be separated from my children. Reporter gloria says many immigrants in fresno are nervous about local Law Enforcement working with federal agents from immigration, customs and enforcement, or ice. This highly publicized ice operation in february, resulting in 160 arrests in los angeles, exacerbated those fears. It took place less than two weeks after President Trump had signed his executive order broadening the types of individuals targeted for deportation. If you get deported by ice, Child Protective Services cannot take custody of your children if you have somebody in charge. Reporter lawyers like aida macedo have fanned out across the county, providing know your rights trainings for immigrants. I think the community is just, to put it simply, is afraid to just be outside, to go outside. Theyre afraid to be in trouble for a broken tail light. You know, theyre afraid to be even close to a local Law Enforcement jail or place or anything like that. Arms straight down. Reporter at the Fresno County jail, one of the first questions Corrections Officers will ask a new inmate is where were you born . Fresno county sheriff Margaret Mims says its one way shes cooperating with immigration and customs enforcement. So if they state a country other than the United States, thats where ice will take a look and determine their legality in the country. Reporter ice typically makes detainer requests asking local Law Enforcement to hold inmates suspected of immigration violations for up to two days beyond their scheduled release date. But that practice has been successfully challenged in court. So, instead, mims now gives ice agents access to the county jails database of bookings and criminal histories and allows ice agents to interview inmates. At one time, all sheriffs in california respected the detainers and complied. Now, no sheriffs in california comply with those detainers. So i had a meeting with our local ice office, and i said, well, let me make it as easy as possible. You come into our jail, where you can do your work, and it will prevent somebody violent or a serious criminal from being released. Reporter the jail informs all inmates of the procedure at booking. This is just notifying you that ice will be looking at everybodys records that comes in here, okay . All right. Reporter since fresno started this in 2015, ice has taken custody of more than 330 individuals right from the jail. Angelica salcedo, an attorney for the American Civil Liberties union, says the program violates due process rights. Theres a lack of transparency. There are no written contracts. Theres no policies or practices that are associated with that program, so the community has no way to keep the sheriff accountable or know how that program is supposed to operate, including the limits or restrictions that ice might have within her jail. Reporter sheriff mims believes giving ice access to inmates reduces the number of federal immigration raids and arrests on the streets of fresno. If we dont take people into custody here and allow ice to do their job, the only other alternative that ice has is to go out into the communities to do their work. This is the Perfect Place for ice to able to do their work, to identify those that they need to take into their custody and to get them out of the country, or at least involved in the process. Reporter Jorge Galicia is one of the undocumented immigrants in the Fresno County jail who ended up in ice custody. After a february arrest, ice agents determined his four drunk driving convictions made him eligible for deportation and sent him back to mexico. I reached him in mexico city. translated when i was at the fresno jail, i didnt know i was going to be detained by ice. I was talking to an officer who i thought was my probation officer. Reporter galicia says his wife and daughter, both american citizens, are struggling without him and his income as an iron worker. translated i lost my Health Insurance through work, because i stopped working when i was locked up and detained. My wife has high blood pressure, and she cant pay for her medication, which is too expensive. Reporter last month, the federal board of immigration denied galicias request to reverse his deportation order, saying his drunk driving was putting lives and safety of others at risk. 200 miles west of fresno, in San Francisco, local Law Enforcement has a different approach. Its been a socalled sanctuary city for 30 years, meaning it does not get involved with enforcement of federal immigration laws. Dennis herrera, San Franciscos City Attorney, says sanctuary policies make all of the citys residents safer. Theres been absolutely no doubt that it has promoted cooperation between immigrant communities and police and Law Enforcement. And over the course of three decades, we have seen a dramatic increase in the amount of people that are willing to report; that are willing to step up as to be witnesses. Reporter that was the case for eva, who asked us not to use her full name. She was severely abused by her exhusband, a legal permanent resident, who warned her not to go to the police. translated he would tell me things like, dont go outside because theres immigration. So i thought the regular police were immigration police. Reporter he was convicted and sentenced to probation. Eva later obtained legal status and works as an afterschool teacher. translated i want to tell all those women who have been violated by those men, yes, we can continue to stand up for ourselves, because this will always be a sanctuary city. Reporter during his campaign, President Trump railed against sanctuary cities and called attention to a 2015 shooting death in San Francisco. Another victim is kate steinle. Gunned down in the sanctuary city of San Francisco, by an illegal immigrant, deported five previous times. And they knew he was no good. Reporter steinles alleged killer, Juan Francisco lopez sanchez, had been released from jail days before the shooting, because San Francisco, as a sanctuary city, had declined to honor a detainer request from ice. Reporter City Attorney Dennis Herrera says if ice had been serious about apprehending lopez sanchez, it could have tried to obtain an arrest warrant from a judge. They could have asked for, come to us with the Court Order Say they were interested and follow the processes that would have allowed him to be turned over. And they didnt. Reporter ice declined newshour weekends requests for an interview, but in a written statement, a spokesperson said, in part ice will no longer exempt classes or categories of removable aliens from potential enforcement. All of those in violation of the immigration laws may be subject to immigration arrest, detention and, if found removable by final order, removal from the United States. When cities and states refuse to help enforce immigration laws, our nation is less safe. Reporter just two weeks ago, attorney general Jeff Sessions announced the federal government would start to withhold funds from sanctuary cities that dont cooperate with ice. Herrera has filed a lawsuit to block that. Somewhere between 1. 2 and 2 billion of our nearly 10 billion budget comes from the federal government. This is vitally important to the interest of San Francisco as a city, to residents of our city whether they are immigrant or nonimmigrant. Reporter now, the democrats who control the state legislature in sacramento have upped the ante. A bill called sb54, which passed the California Senate last week, would essentially create a sanctuary state. It would bar Law Enforcement from helping federal immigration officials. California state Senate Leader kevin deleon is the bills sponsor. Hes also the son of a single mother who was once an undocumented immigrant. It was a very simple measure, to make sure that our local tax dollars are not utilized to be a cog in the Trump Deportation machine. Were cognizant that the federal government has all the authority to enforce immigration law, but we want to make it very clear that we wont lift a single finger or spend a single cent to separate children from their mothers or mothers from their children. Those felons are bad guys. They should not ever become u. S. Citizens. They deserve to be deported. Reporter republican state senator Joel Anderson strongly opposes the bill, saying it will protect undocumented felons. I think that this bill is a departure from what california has done up to now, with the felons first. We have in the past allowed ice to go into our jails, identify those felons who are deportable, and we have allowed them to deport them. Reporter the California State Sheriffs Association is also fighting the bill. It would prohibit me from working with ice in the jail. And to say we cant communicate with another federal Law Enforcement agency, it doesnt make sense. In fact, it would make our communities much less safe. Sreenivasan see how a group of volunteers in arizona pays tribute to migrants who died while crossing the u. S. Mexico border, online at www. Pbs. Org newshour. Sreenivasan if you add up all the College Student loan debt in the United States, it stands at 1. 4 trillion with a t. Thats more than americans owe on their credits cards or car loans and just about anything else except their homes. This month, as students begin to decide which universities theyll attend in the fall, families increasingly want more proof that the high costs of a College Degree is worth it. Beyond Graduation Rates, theyre looking for data on job placement rates and salaries, but getting that information reliably is not easy. Wall street journal reporter melissa korn knows about that, as she researched her story. She joins me now in the studio. So whats soo difficult about finding an apples to apples comparison of how students do when they graduate college. Nobody has the same apples. The federal government looks at Graduation Rates. They look at students who are enrolled for the first time on a fulltime basis. So meaning they didnt transfer somewhere. They didnt stop in, stop out. And they are not going part time. And that leaves out a huge swath of students of todays College Students, many of whom are adults attending school part time or started school, left, to go back to another school. So even though the most basic Graduation Rate isnt a very clear number. One of the things that we forget is the sort of hollywood notion of a four year residential experience is not the norm of how most people get their education after high school. Right so about 40 of College Students now attend part time. Thats a huge shift over the past few decades. You have people who go to commuter schools, they go to school at night, they go to school online. They dont live in ivy covered dorms t is not the way college is for most people. W the traditional student. Are getting data on them, getting really useful data on how they will fare at college and afterwards isnt hard. What about that comparison . A lot of parents are thinking about is the student going to get a job or are they going to move back into my basement. I know parents dont necessarily want their kids moving back into their basement. So it really depends on what the student is going to be studying, in the broader Economic Conditions at the time of their graduation. So its not very helpful for a school to say 80 of our graduates are employed within six months of graduation. Because thats often selfreported data, from the graduates. Sks months after graduation doesnt say much about where they will be five or ten years after graduation. Its also an average. So maybe all the engineers are employed but none of the film majors are. So you really have to be drilling down department by department, major by major and you cant just rely on the schools for this information because they dont have it themselves. They dont do a great job tracking their graduates. And they dont really have an incentive to do so. If anything it exposes their competitive advantage or disadvantage. They have an incentive to highlight the really Great Success stories. And when they have good numbers they will boast about those. But oftentimes when you have Student Outcome surveys that they conduct themselves, they have Response Rates of 15, 20, 25 . Its not really telling you what is is happening with the graduating class. And yeah, if they have a lot of students or graduates going into teaching or social work which are incredibly important areas for graduates to go into, they dont pay very well. So their earnings numbers might not look so good. They might keep that quiet. Melissa korn from the wall street journal, thanks so much. Thanks for having me. This is pbs newshour weekend, sunday. Sreenivasan in a show of unity today in sweden, thousands of swedes gathered near the site where a man rammed a hijacked truck into stockholm pedestrians and shoppers on friday, killing at least four people and injuring 15. Police now say the 39yearold suspect in custody is an isis sympathizer from uzbekistan, who was denied asylum but eluded agents trying to deport him. Swedish police also say they arrested a second person in connection with the attack, and at least four others are being held for questioning. In neighboring norway, Police Safely detonated a bomblike device they found near a busy oslo subway station last night, and took one suspect into custody, a 17yearold russian asylumseeker. The u. S. Military says a special forces soldier has been killed in combat against isis militants in afghanistan. The soldier was killed yesterday during operations in eastern Afghanistans Nangarhar province, an isis stronghold. Isis has been increasing its presence there, where it is battling both Afghan Government forces and the more powerful taliban. Officials saidnsurgents killed at least 13 Afghan Security forces in attacks today. A brush fire thats been burning for several days in south florida is 85 contained. High winds and dry conditions caused the fire in Broward County to grow to more than 6,500 acres. A smaller, nearly 200acre brush fire outside orlando forced residents from their homes and partially damaged a girl scout camp. In coastal hernando county, north of tampa, firefighters are battling a brush fire thats grown to 300 acres. It is 20 contained. The impeachment proceedings begin tomorrow against alabama governor robert bentley. Hes accused of misusing state resources to cover up an affair with a former aide. Alabamas Supreme Court ruled unanimously yesterday that impeachment proceedings in the state legislature can move forward against the twoterm republican governor. Bentley denies doing anything illegal, and says he will not resign. Sreenivasan finally, judge neil gorsuch officially joins the u. S. Supreme court tomorrow. Hell be sworn in by President Trump in a public ceremony at the white house, and earlier by chief Justice John Roberts at the court. The Senate Confirmed the nomination friday in a 54 to 45 vote, with only three democrats joining the republican majority. This after a controversial rule change in the senates process for confirming Supreme Court nominees. The 49yearold gorsuch will become the 113th justice of the Supreme Court, an appointment for life. Thats all for this edition of pbs newshour weekend. Im hari sreenivasan. Have a good night. Captioning sponsored by wnet captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org pbs newshour weekend is made possible by bernard and irene schwartz. Judy and josh weston. The cheryl and Philip Milstein family. The john and Helen Glessner family trust supporting trustworthy journalism that informs and inspires. Sue and edgar wachenheim, iii. Barbara hope zuckerberg. Corporate funding is provided by mutual of america designing customized individual and Group Retirement products. Thats why were your retirement company. Additional support has been provided by and by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Steves at the anne frank house, visitors learn the story of eight jews who, in 1942, went into hiding. They went behind this secret swinging bookcase, into the attic above a shop, and hid almost silently for two years. Among them was 13year old anne, whose journal has inspired millions of people. Youll see how annes father, otto, tracked the progress of the allies after dday. And pencil lines tracking how anne and her sister were growing up in hiding. Annes room is still decorated with photos and magazine clippings showing the idols, dreams, and passions of a 13yearold girl. A small window letting in a splash of the outside world lifted her spirits. Then, one fateful day, the gestapo came. All eight were deported, sent east to concentration camps. Only her father survived. Anne died just weeks before the end of the war. Her handwritten diary inspires visitors, and her book has been translated into 70 languages. Visiting the anne frank house humanizes the horror of the holocaust through the story of just one of six million victims. [male narrator] coming up on reel south. On the brink of extinction, red wolves get a new start in the wild spaces of eastern nortcarolina. [male] since colonization of this country, weve handpicked, weve said, we dont want this, we dont want that. What were trying to do with the animals like the red wolf is to fix it, what we broke. [male narrator] but many landowners arent happy about the predators protected status. [male] i cant see why any society would not want to protect what is meant to be here. [male narrator] next in red wolf revival on reel south. [female narrator] this program is made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by the following. bluesy guitar rock
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