corporate funding is provided by mutual of america-- designing customized individual and group retirement products. that's why we are your retirement company. additional support has been provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. from the tisch wnet studios at lincoln center in new york, hari sreenivasan. >> sreenivasan: good evening and thanks for joining us. the presidential nomination campaign that began last february in iowa is nearing the finish line and chicialt is coming closer to clinching the democratic nomination that would find her facing reebility evere republican drumplet in the fall. she won all the caucus ever virgin islands and puerto rico, she could conceivably have enough to clinch the nomination is if very wins 85% of the vote in puerto rico. voters in new jersey, california and four other states are expected to win her enough delegates to rise her above a news conference that he plans to go after clinton's superdelegates. these are delegates who've pledged, but aren't obligated, to support clinton at next month's democratic convention in philadelphia. sanders called on the media not to declare clinton the nominee after tuesday's voting. both sanders and clinton spent the weekend campaigning for tuesday's primary in california. the state's republican party will also hold its primary that day. and while immigration has taken up a lot of time on the campaign trail, likely democratic and republican voters in california agree: terrorism and the economy are the top issues. california has also undergone demographic changes over the past two decades that have made the state one of the most reliable for democrats. special correspondent jeff greenfield reports on how california politics may be an indication of things to come for the nation. >> you know that this primary in california on june 7 is really important, because california is all about the future! >> reporter: does everything that happens in america happen first here in california? maybe not everything, but a lot sure has-- and does. the environmental movement, for example, got a huge jump start after a massive oil spill off the coast of santa barbara in 1969. other examples date back more than a century, and a couple are highly relevant today. from the progressive era more than a hundred years ago, to the student revolts of the 1960s, to the tax revolt of the 70s, california has often been an early warning system, just as it may be about a hot button political issue in this year's campaign. >> when mexico sends its people, they're not sending their best. they're bringing drugs. they're bringing crime. they're rapists. and some, i assume, are good people. >> reporter: soon after those incendiary words about immigration, trump vaulted into first place in the polls, a position he never yielded. but they echo an argument heard more than 20 years ago that helped win an election in california, and change the political contours of this state in ways that might be a portent for the nation. seeking re-election in 1994, republican governor pete wilson was facing a battered economy, and a state budget strained by a wave of immigrants-legal and not-crowding schools and hospitals. he took a hardline anti- immigration stance, to deny almost all state services to undocumented immigrants, and embraced a state ballot measure, proposition 187, that would have done just that. the prop 187 ad campaign was unsparing. >> they keep coming. two million illegal immigrants in california. >> reporter: wilson won re- election-and prop 187 passed with 60% of the vote. but that election galvanized the latino community and shifted the state's politics. latinos are now the state's largest ethnic group, more than 38% of californians, and even with a lower turnout rate than white and black voters, latinos have an increasing share of the actual vote in california's elections-- about 20% in the last presidential election. manuel pastor heads the center for the study of immigrant integration at the university of southern california. >> you know, it's important to realize that the demographic change in california between 1980 and 2000 is basically the demographic change the united states is going through between 2000 and 2050. >> reporter: the u.s. census bureau projects that by 2050, the latino population will more than double, and become 26% of the country. >> a mobilization of the latino community, a rush toward naturalization, and a rush toward civic engagement and voter engagement on the part of these newly naturalized citizens. that transformed the politics of california. >> reporter: what happened in the last 22 years is that california effectively became a one-party state. the only exception being governor arnold schwarzenegger, a strong proponent of immigration reform, by the way. today, every major statewide official in california is democrat. the party holds huge majorities in the state legislature and congressional delegation. and california has voted democratic in every presidential election since 1992. this republican decline could spread if the party does not reverse course, according to longtime california republican policy advisor mike madrid. so you've seen in your adult life, as a republican, california go from a competitive state to possibly with the exception of schwarzenegger, is one of the bluest states there is. >> yeah. >> reporter: to what extent do you think the immigration issue helped propel california in that direction? >> oh, there's a direct correlation, there's no question about it. the mid-1990s were really a definitive time for the party-- the republican party of california. and i think that's really a precursor, a preview of what's likely to come nationally. >> reporter: just as important, the state's view of immigrants has undergone a fundamental change. dan schnur, was governor wilson's chief spokesman and has spent his career in california republican politics. he now directs a think tank at u.s.c. >> a young californian who went to school grew up in a neighborhood of people of a whole range of races and ethnicities, they don't think of undocumented immigration as a crisis, or even a problem. >> reporter: the presumptive nominee of the republican party is not, does not appear to be sharing that view. so what does that portend for the party? >> well, there's a growing number of republicans who do believe that the party has to change its approach on issues relating to immigration reform. that said, when pro-immigration reform republicans talk, they tend to frame the issue not as an economic or a social or a moral imperative. they're being told it's a political necessity to help elect people to office who they'll never meet to serve a party with which they're becoming increasingly disenchanted. >> reporter: back when proposition 187 passed, angelica salas, a child of undocumented mexicans, decided to get involved in politics-- she is now executive director of the coalition for humane immigrant rights of los angeles. >> 50% of the population of california is either an immigrant or a child of immigrants. so what the state really sees itself as an immigrant state, and that if we're going to advance collectively, not just for immigrants, but collectively, that we have to embrace immigrant integration. >> this is cesar chavez and that's me when i was 25 years old and ted kennedy. >> reporter: part of that integration can be seen in the corridors of power. when art torres was first elected to the legislature in 1974, he was one of the few latinos in sacramento. >> then there was only three latinos in the assembly and only two in the state senate. now, we have close to 26. what's accounted for that is reapportionment and also increased voter registration in those districts which had a propensity-- to have a larger latino community. >> reporter: this spring, volunteers from salas's organization have been knocking on doors in those communities, urging legal immigrants to become naturalized citizens, and to vote. that's happening not just in california, but across the country. latinos nationwide are expected to come out to vote in record numbers this fall-- over 13 million voters, by one estimate, up from 11.2 million in the last presidential election. >> what i see for the rest of the nation is that we're going through this situation where certain politicians think that in order to win they need to attack us. they need to offend us. and i think that that is actually going to backfire on them. >> reporter: between a shift in demographics and attitudes, undocumented immigrants have found a far friendlier climate in california than two decades ago. proposition 187 never went into effect; permanently blocked by a federal judge's injunction. later under a democratic legislature, laws were passed to let undocumented immigrants obtain driver's licenses, pay discounted in-state tuition at state universities, and have their children's medical bills paid by medicaid. in state politics, the harsh anti-immigration rhetoric has all but disappeared. but the prevailing view in california-that the immigration issue has been completely resolved-is not unanimous. >> well, the big equation is economics. >> reporter: scholar and author joel kotkin argues that unskilled immigrants came to california during a manufacturing and construction boom that has since ebbed, and that the state's economy could end up paying the price for its large unemployed and undocumented population. >> the economic opportunities are rather poor. so what you have is, you have a population that's almost isolated, you know, with almost no way out for many of them. maybe for their children, but maybe not for them. >> reporter: is this putting a very heavy burden on state resources? >> well, it's a tremendous burden on the state. we're going to start to see it move particularly in the area of housing, where there's a lot of pressure now to build subsidized, low-income housing for this same population. and when the economy weakens again as it will, i think they're going to be very vulnerable. >> reporter: former state legislator torres, who also chaired the state democratic party for more than a decade, believes that california's large immigrant population benefits the state's economy. he argues that some of the conservative talking points on immigration are wrong. for example, the number of undocumented immigrants in california has fallen 11% since 2010. torres says that's due in part to lower birth rates and a growing economy in mexico, as well as an increase in u.s. border enforcement. >> those three factors, i think, have all contributed to a substantially lower-- immigration, illegal immigration into the united states so that those people who call for a wall or other kinds of attitudes, it's not necessary. >> reporter: if there's no consensus about the impact of immigration on california's long-term economy, there clearly is one about the political lessons california has for the nation, where the tough immigration line that worked in one election proved disastrous for the republicans in what followed. >> just as we were starting to see the prop 187, governor wilson days disappear and, you know, barely visible in the rearview mirror, up comes this new national dynamic of the trump candidacy and everything that comes with it-- which is really branding-- everything bad about the republican party into the minds of a new young generation of latinos, which are going to be the largest, fastest growing of the electorate. >> sreenivasan: a new investigation by the associated press finds that hate-crimes in the united states are significantly under-counted in annual fbi statistics. between 2009 and 2014, the a.p. found that more than 2,700 police and sheriff's departments did not submit a single hate crime report to the f.b.i. that's about 17% of the nation's city and county law enforcement agencies. the investigation found that at thousands more agencies, reporting was inconsistent, with hate-crimes reported only some years, or parts of the year. the majority of places neglecting to submit reports were small towns. but several larger cities with histories of racial issues also didn't submit information- including birmingham, alabama; jackson, mississippi; and baton rouge, louisiana. f.b.i. director james comey has called on law enforcement agencies to be more aggressive in tracking and reporting hate crimes. cleanup and damage assessment is underway in northern europe where the death toll has reached at least 18 people with a third person confirmed dead in france. the french government says it fears more bodies will be recovered as waters begin to recede from cities and villages that have seen some of the worst flooding in over a century. french president hollande said he'll declare a state of natural catastrophe when his cabinet meets on wednesday, which will trigger compensation packages for victims. the national association of insurers is estimating almost $700 million in damages in france alone. the district of weilheim in the southern german state of bavaria declared a state of emergency today after heavy rains continued to drench the area overnight. learn about the obama administration's efforts to close the guantanamo bay detention center before the president leaves office. read the report online at pbs.org/newshour. >> sreenivasan: and the reuters news agency reports that the 17- month u.s. effort to train and build up the iraqi army has fallen short. current and former u.s. officers and officials told reuters that despite u.s. efforts, the army's combat capacity has barely improved and that the government relies too heavily on shiite militias to do the fighting. for more about the readiness of the iraqi army, i am joined via skype by ned parker of reuters, who co-wrote the report. give us a lay of the land here. what's the mix between the iraqi army and the militias? who is doing the fighting? >> it's a mic'd bag really. the iraqi army has only five functioning divisions according to u.s. officers and most divisions are about 60 to 65% capacity. so on the ground now, when fighting happens, the iraqi military has basically a shortage of labor. and the one good fighting force that's there, that's effective from the state, is the iraqi special forces. and according to u.s. officers, those forces are in real danger of burning out because they are the only force the state has been able to rely upon time and time again over the last two years. so the other force fighting alongside the special forces are militia groups that many of them are funded by iran, they have hard line sectarian ideology and have been deeply controversial. on the ground, what happens is many places north of baghdad in areas like tikrit or beiji that have been taken by israel forces, the militias take over. local officials, ordinary citizens see not the state but the militia forces athe ultimate power. >> in part of your story you also talk about the supply chain and that it's not all getting to the iraqi army. sometimes that the weapons that the united states is sending is actually getting to these militias. >> what has happened is as supplies go down the depot such as taji which is the largest weapons warehouse for the iraqi military in iraq on bases like that if militias have influence whether through corruption or intimidation they can take what they want. u.s. officers i've spoken to say that there was a huge effort last summer to tamp down on this and to stop it and there are very few cases. but it stills still continues. >> sreenivasan: so what's the u.s. supposed to do in this? >> some officers say that the americans are not thinking about this enough and aren't doing enough politically to push the deal and whether you speak with u.s. military spokesmen they'll say our job is not to police iraq. and the military track movers far faster than the diplomatic track. but then if the military track is shaping a reality on the ground, that is only further antagonizing and pushing sunnis to perhaps a new radical force that could emerge after the islamic state, then it's -- that's a problem because the political solution is so far behind, the new realities are creating problems. >> sreenivasan: ned parker of reuters joining us, thanks so much. >> thank you. >> sreenivasan: 17 states will have new voting regulations in place for the presidential election this november. twelve states will join the ranks of those requiring voters to show a government-issued photo i.d., including wisconsin, north carolina and texas. and in kansas and ohio, some voters are being removed from the rolls. for some insight into these new regulations, yesterday i spoke with reuters national affairs editor jason szep. >> you know, the idea that new voter i.d. laws have been coming on the books i mean this is something we've been hearing about really almost since president obama got into office. what's the difference now? >> the big difference now is 2013 you had a supreme court decision, the shelby decision. since the shelby decision states you no longer have to clear any kind of changes to voting laws with the department of justice. so we're seeing a lot more changes to the laws, a lot more friction over this issue. in a number of states. and a lot more litigation now over this issue. >> sreenivasan: what's happening in ohio that's different this cycle? >> well, ohio has a law on its books, it's had this law on its books for quite some time and this is a law that essentially means if you haven't voted for three elections you would automatically be purged from the voter registration rolls. this law has been on the books for quite some time but what's different this year is twaif you had huge -- 2008 you had huge turn out, you had a large number of african americans voting. many of those voters are what are called infrequent voters. sat out the next few elections. when they go to the polls this time they'll find they're not registered. >> sreenivasan: what about in kansas. you have to prove you're citizen before you can vote. why last it become so difficult? >> the requirements to register in all states are for the most part, you show an i.d., and you sign a document that basically swears that you're a citizen. what's happening this kansas is they've taken it a step further, and required proof citizenship. and they're actually three states that have this law on their books. kansas, georgia, and alabama. and a lot of young voters were getting caught up in this. a lot of young voters wouldn't necessarily have the kind of proof of citizenship documents that they might need when they go and register at a local sort of dmv. there has been litigation around this that a court ruled in may that the dmvs should no longer require you to have your proof citizenship but in kansas the law is still in effect in other areas still in effect for example if you want to mail in your reamg or if you want to -- registration or if you want to go to a different location, sort of two tier voling system, where people have the ability to vote in state elections and some can't, county officials have described a sense of chaos around this. but it has been litigated and i think the concern from the democratic party the people we've spoke to on this is there's a concern that it will be used as otemplate in other states, this -- as a template in other states, and this would affect younger voters and unaffiliatevoters. are. >> sreenivasan: is this focused on race or party? for example in texas you can use your concealed carry permit but not your state-issued student i.d. >> the answer to that really is -- depends on who you talk to. the democrat party, officials say look it has a lot to do with race and that has in turn a lot to do with party. but if you talk to the republican party officials in a number of states, they'll say look this is really about fraud. and there are concerns about voter fraud and tightening the restrictions to prevent that from happening. >> sreenivasan: all right, jason szep from reuters, joining us from washington, thanks so much. and finally in a referendum today, swis voters rejected a proposal to pay almost all adults $2600 a month. as automation increases in the workplace, yes vote paraded in zurich dressed like robots. captioning sponsored by wnet captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org >> pbs newshour weekend is made possible by: lewis b. and louise hirschfeld cullman. bernard and irene schwartz. judy and josh weston. the cheryl and philip milstein family. the citi foundation. supporting innovation and enabling urban progress. the john and helen glessner family trust. supporting trustworthy journalism that informs and inspires. sue and edgar wachenheim, iii. corporate funding is provided by mutual of america-- designing customized individual and group retirement products. at's why we are your retirement company. additional support has been provided by: and by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. announcer: explore new worlds and new ideas through programs like this, made available for everyone through contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪ hey, we... announcer: the kingston trio celebration. ♪ my grandfather and me featuring the current kingston trio, george grove, bill zorn, rick dougherty, and paul gabrielson. with special guests al jardine of the beach boys, barry mcguire, formerly of the new christy minstrels, timothy b. schmit of the eagles, trini lopez,