>> woodruff: then, an intimate look at edward snowden. with the journalists behind the oscar nominated documentary "citizen four," which takes viewers inside the first days of one of the biggest intelligence leaks in u.s. history. >> we didn't manufacture the kind of thriller aspects to it. that actually came with the story. i started receiving anonymous e-mails from a stranger making claims of mass government surveillance, you know and then we met in congress hong. -- hong kong. >> woodruff: and it's friday mark shields and david brooks are here, to analyze the week's news. those are some of the stories we're covering on tonight's "pbs newshour." >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: ♪ ♪ ♪ moving our economy for 160 years. bnsf, the engine that connects us. >> lincoln financial-- committed to helping you take charge of your life and become you're own chief life officer. ♪ >> supporting social entrepreneurs and their solutions to the worlds most pressing problems-- skollfoundation.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and... >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. >> woodruff: a political drama that's gripped the state of oregon came to an abrupt end today. long-time governor john kitzhaber announced he's resigning over allegations of influence peddling by his fiancee. in an audio statement, the veteran democrat said he broke no laws. >> woodruff: hard-hit new england is bracing for blizzard conditions and brutal cold, again. a powerful, weekend storm could drop two feet of snow in coastal maine, and blast the region with 70 mile-an-hour winds. in boston today, crews kept working around the clock to remove six feet of snow from three earlier storms. plows are also being brought in from other states. president obama today condemned the killings of three young muslims in north carolina as "brutal and outrageous." they were shot dead by a neighbor, in chapel hill. police cited a parking dispute, but the victims' families called it a hate crime. in his statement, the president said: he said the f.b.i. is checking whether federal laws were broken. islamic state fighters in iraq attacked a major base today where 400 u.s. marines and other troops are training iraqis. u.s. officials said the americans were not involved. instead, iraqi troops killed most of the attackers at the sprawling al-asad air base in anbar province, west of baghdad. in washington, a pentagon spokesman said the assault involved 20 to 25 fighters. >> early indications are that yes, some of them did detonate their vest, detonate themselves. and then they were followed by roughly something on the order of 15 or so other fighters. it does appear now that most if not all of them were wearing iraqi uniforms. >> woodruff: at the same time, the militants have seized control of a nearby town. in pakistan, taliban militants stormed a shiite mosque during friday prayers, and by the time it was over, 20 people were dead. another 45 were wounded in the 8attack in peshawar, in the northwestern part of the country. one of the militants blew himself up to create a diversion for the others. the pro-russian rebels in ukraine made a new push for territory today, before a truce takes hold. alex thomson of independent television news is in the rebel- held city of donetsk, and filed this report. >> because the agreement said no cease fire till midnight, heavy fightings continued across eastern yiewcialg today. the country's president petro poroshenko visited troops near kiev and told them there is a long road ahead. >> ( translated ): i don't want anyone to have any illusions and so i am not seen as naive person. we are still a very long way from peace. nobody has a strong belief that the peace conditions which were signed in minsk will be implemented strictly. >> reporter: the european union has cautioned russia, if they ignore the deal they could face further sanctions. >> in rebel held sticks almost all the shops are shot, the power supply intermittent and the sound of shelling every day. >> all our friends are preparing their basements because people are afraid. they're tired from the war. nobody needs this. >> there is no zone in donetsk entirely safe from the daily shelling. several people are injured and killed with every day that's passing, not stopping in the runup to the cease fire scheduled to come into force midnight saturday. >> woodruff: the u.s. state department charged russia and the rebels are violating the spirit of the peace agreement. there are new signs of improvement in the euro-zone's economy. growth in germany, the bloc's largest member, expanded at more than double the expected rate at the end of 2014. spain's economy also accelerated in the fourth quarter. the european report, and rising oil prices, helped wall street; the dow jones industrial average gained 47 points to close above 18,000 just short of a record; the s-and-p 500 did reach a new high, near 2,100; and the nasdaq rose 36 on the day; for the week, all three indexes were up. and "new york times" media columnist david carr died last night. he collapsed in his office, just a few hours after moderating an online conversation with edward snowden, the national security agency leaker. carr was well-known for pointed observations on modern media. he also wrote a memoir about battling drug addiction. david carr was 58 years old. still to come on the newshour: what to know before sunday's health care deadline; how sensory technology is taking prosthetic limbs to a new level; an inside look at boko haram's campaign of terror in nigeria; a rare glimpse of the man behind the n.s.a. leaks; plus, shields and brooks on the week's news. >> woodruff: sunday marks the deadline for enrolling in the state and federal health exchanges this year. the push is on once again to get people to sign up. there are signs that perhaps more than ten million will enroll, less than initially expected, but better than a revised estimate showed. to fill us in on the latest, we're joined again by mary agnes carey of kaiser health news. and susan dentzer, a health analyst for the newshour. good to see you both again. >> thank you. >> woodruff: time to talk healthcare. mary agnes carey, overall, how has the process been going the second year? >> the web site is better, actually works and that's better for everyone trying to enroll. the federal government said right now we've got about 10 million people who have enrolled and picked a plan. most of those people about 7.75 million, with the federal exchanges in about 37 states and the rest are from the state's run exchanges. >> woodruff: how many of these who are signing up are people who are returning, who are part of the system last year and how many are new? >> 42% are new enrollees and 58% are reenrolled. what we don't know about the 58% that's important, did they actively reenroll or pick a new plan? that's important because if you didn't go back and evaluate the price of the plan, the subsidy, how much it could buy, you could end up with a subsidy that buys less and end up in a plan that costs you more or less, if you are automatically reinvolved and didn't activate yourself. >> woodruff: so those are factors being watched. >> absolutely, we'll learn more about it later in the year. >> woodruff: soon the expectation number shifted. it was 10 million, then lowered now looks like better than that. what's going on? >> it is the fact that the administration was expecting a maximum of 9.9 million to enroll in the open enrollment period and looks like we overshot that. looks higher than 10 manager. that's lower than what others estimated including the congressional budget office which was estimating 12 million enrollees. but looks like we'll probably come in about the middle 10 million, 11 million people. >> woodruff: are they pinpointing what the challenges still are out there? >> for one thing, it's hard to get people who haven't already had coverage to sign up. we know that's the case. we also know that the congressional budget office for example, was expecting more employers to drop coverage and send their workers to exchanges and that hasn't happened. employers have actually stuck with their coverage. so that accounts for the congressional budget office lowering its estimates about how many people would bay coverage through the exchanges. >> woodruff: you have been looking at gender. you're seeing more women signing up than men? >> fascinating, second year running by 10 percentage points, more women are signing up than men. ability 55% enrollees are women, 45% are men. we don't have any reason to believe more women are uninsured than men, so what explains this? nobody really knows. people fall back on explanations that women care more about health and healthcare sometimes and they are the primary buyers of healthcare for their families. >> woodruff: more son sensuous? >> we see interestingly of people who got covered last year who actually used their coverage, the signs are a lot of the people who used their coverage were older women with chronic illness. so these are women who really needed coverage and they're using it. they're using it to get care for conditions that they have. >> woodruff: mary agnes carey, you looked especially at latinos and how the signup is going among that group. what they did you find? >> this is a key demographic for the health law, younger and healthier, and these are the people you want in the histic pool. the department of health and human services decided to devote a third of its media budget to latino outreach and enrollment versus 10% last year but it's still a rough road for a variety of reasons, like many people who haven't had health insurance before many latinos are confused about the process of deductibles and co-pace and so on. in the past, many latinos said we just paid cash. even witheven with the subsidy, they're wondering if it's worth enrolling. but much focus on this demographic group. >> woodruff: hanging out will is --the tax penalty is out there for those who don't sign up. it's going up. that's on the one hand. on the other hand, we're looking at the prospect of the supreme court looking at a skys that could end up with the subsidies mary agnes just mentioned being declared unconstitutional. how are people how are the experts dealing with all this? >> people are focusing on the fact that penalties do go up, as you said. there are different ways to calculate the penalty but more or less the penalties for not having coverage in 2015 are two to three times higher than the first year around. for example, one level of calculating it individual penalty went from $95 in 2014 to 325 in 2015. so dramatic jump. so there is that issue. we will get next month, the supreme court will hear arguments on the case king versus furwell that you're alluding to and that will have the court look at the issue of whether subsidies that go to help purchase health coverage apply to only purchase coverage through the state-based exchanges or through all the exchanges including the federal ones. >> woodruff: creating a push-pull going on here? >> sign up because you will be penalized if you don't. on the other hand, the whole thing could change. >> that's right and a lot of this is people won't even know about the penalty until they file their tax ifs they haven't paid attention to act affordable care act enrollment. many didn't know about the mandated coverage till they signed their taxes. >> woodruff: we'll talk to you again. mary agnes carey, susan dentzer, thank you. >> thank you. >> woodruff: now, advancements in technology to help people feel. science correspondent miles o'brien had much of his left arm amputated last year after an accident while on a reporting trip for the newshour. he has since been exploring leaps forward for modern prosthetics. last night, he tested a prototype robotic arm. and tonight, one of the hardest things to replicate that might finally be within reach. his story is part of our "breakthroughs" series. adjust as needed, okay? hand without a sense of touch isn't really a hand at all. it's more like a pair of pliers. watch blindfolded hand amputee igor try to pick up blocks without a sense of touch. not very productive. that was no sensation? >> no sensation. >> reporter: you were -- literally going blind. >> reporter: watch what happens when the sensory perception is turned on. it's like night and day. >> if i grab it just right, i feel all three fingers, or two fingers. then i know i have it then move it over and drop it. >> reporter: is it the phantom hand you feel it in? >> to me it feels like my hand. feels like something between my two fingers that's vibrating. >> reporter: for igor who lost his hand in an industrial accident four years ago, something powered by battery and made of plastic, metal and silicon can become his hand. this is what every upper limb amputee like me dreams of, not just wearing a functional tool, becoming whole. but i probably shouldn't get my hopes up too high. >> will you have your hand? no. will you have something that will make you forget you don't have a hand? yeah. >> the implanted e.m.g. is implanted directly into the muscle knee dustin is a researcher. >> when you see the prosthesis touch something you feel it. not here but in your fingertip that's visually co-located with the prosthesis, a big jump to being what you are. >> reporter: he is hoping to find way for amputees to access the untapped potential of a new generation of prosthetic arms. >> that's incredible. >> reporter: as i discovered at the johns hopkins university applied physics laboratory, researchers have made a lot of progress engineering a near human arm, ability decipher muscle contractions in my stump, i was able to turn that into fine motor control with relative ease. >> century is a different game, more complex because you stimulate, but then it goes to the brain and complex ideas of perception like what do you feel and how do you feel it is a much more complicated process. >> reporter: the problem is twofold -- touch sensors for prosthetics need improvement but the bigger challenge is making sensory information understand bible and useful to an amputee. >> what we're looking at is the x-ray of his arm probably a couple of weeks after surgery. >> reporter: in 2011, surgeons implanted electrodes that encircle the three main sensory nerve bundles in igor's injured arm. >> you're looking at the three different electrodes, so you can see the points and the device itself, this is on the you will nare nerve. there is another one on the median nerve. news another one on the radial nerve. >> that's the index finger being activated? >> reporter: sensors in the prosthetic hand igor wears transmit impulse also through a computer and these wires into the electrodes inside his arm. the electrodes stimulate the sensory nerves they're attached to, and igor's brain does the rest. >> so in my mind i actually feel like i'm doing this when i have it between both fingers. >> reporter: really? is it second nature to you now? >> yes. >> reporter: you don't have to think about it so much? >> no i don't have to think about it so much. >> reporter: igor is able to feel this way with 20 channels of sensory data delivered by the implanted electrodes. it's statice am radio compared to what we're born with. >> to control the hand normally there's thousands of axions that control parts of the fingers. we right now can talk to ten. so you can imagine that connection, that interface still needs to be worked on and that's where we're making progress but we're still behind what biology can do from an engineering perspective. >> reporter: across the country at a lab at u.c.l.a. mechanical engineer veronica santos is trying to close the gap. >> for a long time people have been trying to build robots that emulate humans but there's now a way we can actually directly impact someone's quality of life by building a robot that becomes part of someone's body. >> reporter: in dr. santos' bayou electronics lab they're construct ago language of touch that a compute around human can both understand. they're quantifying it with mechanical touch sensors that have objects of different sizes and textures and are able to transact the information into data a computer can understand. >> for example, miles if you put your hand in there to stop it we would be able to record the posture when it came into contact of you and the general areas of the fingertips making contact and how much pressure there was or how much the skin was deforming as you made contact, but those are the types of raw precepts you would give to someone and with training they would put it together and say, hey, i think i'm touching something soft. >> reporter: the training includes machine learning. the data is used to create a formula or algorithm that gives the computer ability to each common patterns between items it has in its library of experience and something it never felt before. >> we're interested in developing this idea of artificial haptic intelligence. >> reporter: making it useful for an amputee is the big challenge. patrols thect and robotic technology has far surpassed the ability of an amputee to command a limb or understand what the device is sensing. the bottleneck is melding the technology with the biology. >> i think one of the challenges is understanding how much information can you flood someone with before, you know, they can't make use of it in. a per pocket world, if we did our job right, you wouldn't even know we'd done our job. your prosthetic hand would feel like your native limb where all of the robotics algorithms and intelligence we it bilt in at the very low level act just like your spinal cord. you don't even know they're there. all you know is it's more fun to use this arm, it's easier to use the arm, and our job would be done. >> you know obviously -- >> reporter: step by step, researchers are finding ways to let amputees know what they're feeling and how hard they're squeezing. dustin tyler is working to make his technology implantable like a pacemaker. for now the work is confined to a lab. igor looks forward to the day he can take his touchy hand home. >> i want to know what it will be like holding my wife's hand again after four years. >> reporter: this will mean a lot for amputees, won't it? >> i hope so. one little step forward it's big to me. >> reporter: huge step. i get it. if the next person gets it that's even better. >> reporter: thanks to you, igor, i might be one of those people. for now i must make do with the tried and true hook reliable, rugged and easily repaired. well suited for my far-flung adventures in the field. but for me, it's too hot, too uncomfortable, and not useful enough to wear all the time. so mostly i do without. turns out navigating with one arm in a bimanual world is not only possible, with some creative thinking a few gadgets and practice it becomes trivial, sometimes low-tech or no-tech is really all i need for now. miles o'brien, the pbs "newshour", washington. >> woodruff: online, miles reports on a man who, since losing his own arm, has become a pioneer of advanced prosthetics. that's at pbs.org/newshour. now to nigeria, and those running away from the terrorist group boko haram. jonathan miller reports from a camp where thousands are seeking refuge and meets a young woman who was recently held captive alongside the abducted school girls. >> reporter: in the heat and the dust, there's a desperate scramble for handouts for those left with nothing. bereft, disenfranchised and broken by boko haram, these survivors of rebel attacks across northeastern nigeria live hand-to-mouth, with little or no help from their government. 2,000 in this informal camp on the outskirts of abuja. no money, no food, no work, no hope of heading back home. >> so many places, 27 local governments affected in borno all has been target to boko haram. >> when they start burning the houses, everybody will run away from the houses and then they will fetch out all the men from there. anyone that they fetch they may kill him. >> reporter: if you have had one of your relatives killed by boko haram would you raise your arm? >> so many of them. >> reporter: a chorus of voices: all of us, they say, for some it's their father, for some it's their husband, brothers or children. "my mother," says one. some miscarried, others buried their husbands before starting walking, for miles. every single person who has fled the scorched earth rampage of boko haram has a horrifying story to tell. many still shudder at the very sound of their name. they have turned lives upside down, split up families, looted, torched, raped, murdered and kidnapped. it was when i was talking to one escaped kidnap victim that learned she'd been held with some of the missing girls from chibok as recently as three months ago. monica was abducted, then marched for weeks into the sambisa forest, the lair of boko haram. for three days, last november she was held with 24 of the missing 219 schoolgirls from chibok. >> reporter: this is the first news of any of them since this video eight months ago purporting to show their forced conversion to islam. monica says they remained true to their christian faith. she said they'd been coerced to cook for their captors butter but were unharmed just terribly home sick. they had been divided into several small groups. when monica escaped, she walked for days through the bush with no food. her baby died on the way. she says she is haunted by memories of the day boko haram attacked and burned down her village and her young life changed forever. >> when they came >> reporter: there is now a vast tract of this country where going to school is an act of defiance, but there's not a school child in nigeria who doesn't know of the girls from chibok and will rejoice in the news that we now know some of them are alive. >> woodruff: president obama went to silicon valley today to call for more cooperation between private companies and the government when it comes to defending against cyber-attacks. in the wake of major hacks against health insurer anthem, and sony pictures, the president told executives they need to share more information. but today's summit also comes amid growing tensions between tech companies and the administration over privacy and civil liberties, a point the president acknowledged. >> in all our work we have to make sure we are protecting the privacy and civil liberty of the american people. we grapple with these issues in government. we've pursued important reforms to make sure we are respecting people's privacy, as well as ensuring our national security. the private sector wrestles with this as well. >> woodruff: several c.e.o.'s of top tech companies including google, facebook and yahoo did not attend, reportedly over anger and disappointment about a lack of reform in the government's broad surveillance programs. the revelations about the government's reach are the subject of a documentary nominated for an academy award. jeffrey brown picks it up from there, part of our series, "the newshour goes to the movies." >> my name is edward snowden. i go by ed. >> brown: the documentary "citizenfour" brings us into a hong kong hotel room as former national security agency contractor edward snowden reveals secrets that would make for blockbuster headlines beginning in june 2013: the large-scale collection of phone and internet data by the u.s. government. >> even if you're doing nothing wrong, you're being watched and recorded. >> brown: news organization would public stories of a massive database, assembled since 2006, under the patriot act, collecting call data from millions of phone company customers, and tapping into the central servers of major internet companies. for some, snowden was a free speech hero. others, including president obama, called for him to come back to the us and face charges for espionage. others including president obama called on snowden to come back to the u.s. and face charges for espionage. >> no i don't think mr. snowden was a patriot. so the fact is, is that mr. snowden has been charged with three felonies. if, in fact, he believes that what he did was right, then like every american citizen, he can come here, appear before the court with a lawyer and make his case. >> brown: beginning with encrypted emails and then in hong kong, snowden met with and told his story to journalist glen greenwald, then with the guardian newspaper, and filmmaker laura poitras, the director of the oscar-nominated documentary. i spoke to the two earlier this afternoon. >> welcome to both of you. laura poitras, let me ask you, what did you want the film to do that the steady drum beat of news revelations would not do? why a film? >> as a document rifilmmaker although components of journalism have to be truthful and factual it's really saying something about bigger issues. for me it was looking at the story of the n.s.a. and individual stories of courage of not just edward snowden but other whistleblowers coming forward and looking at because we had a good sense that this was something significant and important. >> brown: the critics of edward snowden would look at what you are doing as collaborating with him, in a sense, working with him to bring out this story. >> this is a standard accusation that gets made to delegitimize journalism burks what we did was classic journalism. we had a whistleblower come to us with secrets he thought should not have been concealed that the public had a right to know and asked us to use the standard journalistic process of reporting it. we did and feel good about it. >> brown: laura poitras, the film plays like a thriller. how did it feel in that room? what was it like with edward snowden? were you surprised when you finally met him? >> we didn't manufacture the kind of thriller aspects to it. that actually came with the story. i started receiving anonymous e-mails from a stranger making claims of, you know, mass government surveillance and then we met in hong kong, so it felt very much like a thriller from my perspective, there were a lot of unknowns. when glen and i went, we were very surprised when we met somebody much younger than we expected. we expected to meet somebody in his 50s, so it took us a bit of time to adjust to that. the person we met was incredibly calm in the circumstances he put himself in and given the risks he was taking. >> brown: again glen greenwald, fast forward, is there evidence we can point to that collecting the data has harmed people? is it the fear of it, the idea of it or is there actual harm? >> there's all kinds of harm. we have been able to report on the targeting of political dissidents, of people who visit web sites like wikileaks who have their data trapped targeting on economic conferences, on the u.n., eavesdropping on people while they negotiate trade agreements, but, you know, i think more broadly, it is the fact that knowing you live in a surveillance state chills the actions of not just journalists but human rights activists and political organizers and lawyers and psychologists and medical professionals, people who need secrecy. >> and how do you see edward snowden even now? >> i see him as somebody who did what we should want people in government and with access to secrets to do like daniel ralsberg who is wildly considered a hero who discoarse something the public ought to know about and did it knowing he was putting his life and liberty in jeopardy and to me it's an incredibly admiral act. democracy depend on people like edward snowden. >> brown: but even many people who are glad to know the information think that he should come back and pay the price for an act of civil disobedience. >> i think it's easy to say he should come back and submit to a cage the rest of his life but i don't think that's his obligation to do. he's been given political asylum. daniel asburg who submitted to the judicial system in 02, said in the united states in the post nine9/11 era, if you are convicted of security leak, you don't get a fair trial and said edward was right to seek asylum because his political rights would be abused and not protected. >> brown: since the revelations, there's been a lot of talk of reforms, calls of reforms from the president, from congress, from tech companies. do you see any changes that have come from snowden's revelations? >> we're seeing loot of changes happening in the tech companies. i think that the disclosures have created an awareness of the need for privacy, that they know the customers are going to want. so we've seen a lot of changes happening there. we see google is using encryption of servers when it was disleased the n.s.a. was tapping into their nervers, so we've seen those changes. what we've seen less of is government changes. also, i think internationally there's a shift of consciousness of the threat and dangers of the kind of indiscriminate mass surveillance that is disclosed. >> brown: and what do you want people who are companies or governments to take from the film? do you want some action from the film? >> i make films because i believe in the power of communicating. so how people then use that information, you know that's up to them. so i do hope that it raises awareness and maybe takes an issue that's abstract and makes it a bit more human or visceral so you can understand the consequences. >> brown: the film "citizenfour," laura poitras, glen greenwald. thank you very much. >> thank you. >> woodruff: it's been a busy and serious news week. president obama asked congress to approve military force against the islamic state group. congress is struggling and near a deadline to fund the department of homeland security and the media world faced multiple surprising headlines. to analyze it all, shields and brooks. that's syndicated columnist mark shields and new york times columnist david brooks. so a lot to talk about. the toughest news of the week had to be the confirmation of the death of the american aid worker kayla mueller at the hands of i.s.i.s. mark it raises the question how is this administration, how is it united states doing and dealing with i.s.i.s. and specifically this authorization of force for the use of force the president sent to congress. does it look like they've struck the right formula there? >> first, kayla mueller, this is a woman who devoted her life generously from every report to comforting the afflicted. the tragedy of her death is even compounded more by the life she led and the loss she leaves. judy, i.s.i.s. and the middle east remain a rubrics cube that the united states has not figured out. everything over there is five-sided, and we haven't figured out. this is not a war to be won. they are a force to be controlled, to be reduced, to be managed. but this is not -- we are really not going to introduce american ground troops in the area? we may to some degree restrict their military effectiveness but that is the reality. we've already done that once in this century. we sent american ground troops in and we're not going to do it. as far as authorization of force, a shout out to senator tim kaine of virginia, alone he's been a voice saying we're sending americans into combat, into harm's way, we are at war. the congress has abdicated its responsibility by not declaring or confronting that or dealing with it or passing any resolution it's the most column responsibility congress has and they ducked it ducked it through the election. they want carte blanche, they want to decide when to use power and don't want their hands tied. we're finally going to have a debate and i think senator tim kaine from virginia deserves credit for forcing the hand to have the administration. >> woodruff: the language in the request the white house sent over thor authorization, does it get the white house any closer to this. >> no, it's ambivalent. the means and the process and the duration, i don't know why we need to put that in the use of force. last three years we're not going to this, we're going to do this. if we're going to use force we need to do what the president and the military leadership think is proper and that shouldn't be in the norgs. the killing of the hostages is an outrage but not really the most important thing that's going on over there. i happen to be in conversation with a bunch of financial analysts this week and asked them what's the biggest threat to the world economy and i expected them to say the euro crisis. they both independently said i.s.i.s. if i.s.i.s. destabilizes the middle east, that is an economic cat centuriesum with human suffering. >> woodruff: because of oil? because of oil, because of the destabilization of this most fragile region of the country, and so i think i disagree with mark a little. the middle east has always been the middle east. for 5,000 years it's been a troubled zone. the islamic state seems to be a new order of magnitude, a new order of threat and evil even by the standards of the middle east. so taking them on and containing them seems to be a higher order than anything we faced in the middle east for a long, long time, and the president and future presidents should do what they need to do to do that and they shouldn't have sort of resolutions which are really resolutions of ambivalence. >> woodruff: but the administration is being criticized, mark, at least what i am reading for not being specific enough, i mean for -- they need to say more about what they're going to do. david's point is they didn't need to say as much as they did. >> they would not have a permanent land force is what they said, but they would have freedom, the next president, including this one, for three years it would be in force, would have the authority to pursue i.s.i.s. or its sister-brother groups throughout the region. so there isn't a geographical restriction. so it's facing criticism from both sides prrks both democrats who wanted more limited and rvps who want this large mandate. judy, i just don't understand where this fits in, in terms of how we define what the objective is. i mean, how will we know when we've won? i mean for thousands of years it's been the dream of a caliphate in that area, of a muslim caliphate to out that area. and we're not going to end that dream. we might with this latest it regulation we can control it, we can debase it, but we're not going to totally eliminate that. i welcome the debate. i want to hear everybody be heard on this because really it's an insolvable mystery now. >> woodruff: you're saying nobody has the correct formula? >> well, i think there is a national consensus we don't want to send ground troops. we need to degrade i.s.i.s. a national consensus about that. i want to see leadership fully in on the goal not one foot one out. this will administration, we go in, we don't go in we declare red lines, we don't act on red lines. there's been a lot of seesaw action. if i.s.i.s. is worth going after, it's worth going after. i don't think anybody can know what the world will involved in the years coming forward but there's no one like i.s.i.s. before. the assad wasn't, yasser arafat wasn't this is something more different and threatening. >> there's a lot of politics involved here. the unwillingness to take a stand and to be heard and to vote. the last time the congress did this, you recall was 2002, when they gave up the authority to president bush to go into and invade and okay pay iraq. and the democrats who voted for that, hillary clinton, john edwards, joe biden, chris dodd basically killed their presidential chances, and that gave the opening for barack obama. so be mindful of this -- in 1964, the congress, 535 people, two, win morris of oregon and earnest greening of alaska were the only ones to voted on the gulf of tonka resolution which led to 550,000 americans in veevment. so there is some history of this president and understandably some political wariness. >> woodruff: two things -- one, congress wrestling with the immigration executive order, tied up in the department of homeland security in a time when you think the country would be focused on homeland security. republicans are pointing fingers at the democrats saying they're holding this up, but republicans aren't agreeing with each other on what to do about it in the house. >> and republicans run the congress so they get ultimately responsibility. this is turning from a comedy to a farce to a travesty. why have they started their reign in the majority of both houses with something they're bound to lose? why they started with a measure the house the senate, even the republican side can't get together, and then in the atmosphere of the past three or four years in which shutting down the government has turned into a code word for dysfunction. so why do you want to walk into something badly you're not doing well? just as a question of leadership, not even ideology just competent leadership, i don't understand why they're leer. >> i agree with david. the "wall street journal," scorching editorial this week of the republican leadership in its first month not flying well and dividing themselves rather than democrats. the "wall street journal" editorial page attacking republicans this way is like romano going after the pope. this is not where you expect to take incoming criticism so i think they will have to back down. the house has done what it does, it passes similar polk legislation going nowhere. 57 times they repealed obama caimplet that's what they did in this case. they sent it to the senate, and it's going to die there. it's on the republican's doorstep. >> woodruff: one last thing to make time for. this is a tumultuous and in many ways bad week for the media. brian williams suspended at nbc news, the death of david carr, bob simon with cbs and the news from jon stewart. david, on the brian williams question, what i'm curious to know is does that reflect on everyone in the media? how does the media come out of this episode? >> i think it speaks to a couple of truths. one is no amount of public success is satisfying. you can have all the accolades in the world, be where brian williams was at the tippy top public's fame is still ever thety and still leaves you hungry and you still want to brag a little more on the hope you will get what you want which is some sort of adulation that will satisfy you and that never comes, so it leaves you hungrier and hungrier and that's what we saw with brian williams someone who wanted to be seen a little cooler and made up some stuff. i think the reaction is way out of proportion to what he did and i think we should cultivate a capacity of forgiveness for what he did and i hope he continues his job. quickly on my colleague david carr whom i was not close with at all. first act of his life, a drug-riddled life second act, encouraging to be yourself. he had a majorly large personality which he never checked and glowed in his prose and presence. >> david carr was the antique "new york times" man. if the "new york times" is the guy who went to the best boarding schools knows the best wines and has two last names -- >> talking about me. david. david carr was large than life, totally authentic, great reporter, enflinchingly honest and incredibly thoughtful of everybody he came across, whether a waitress or youngest intern. he was a wonderful wonderful person in addition to being this larger than life character. brian williams yes, self-inflicted, judy, but this is a good and decent man and the people in a rush to tap dance on his grave that provide the gallows and the rope to hang him, it just really is disturbing and unseemly. >> i don't think we've seen a week like this one in a long time. mark shields, david brooks, thank you. >> woodruff: finally, our "newshour shares" of the day. something we saw we thought might be of interest to you, tonight's was sparked by your viewer e-mails. on wednesday we brought you some winter photos from the "bangor maine daily news," but i mispronounced the town name as "banger." as we learned from your e-mails, this is a longstanding problem for the city, so much so, that a local marketing firm went on youtube to correct it. we saw the video, to the tune of "we are the world" and had to share. in every region's lives ♪ when we must come together in song ♪ ♪ there are people ♪ ♪ across this u.s.a. ♪ ♪ and they all say the name of our city wrong ♪ ♪ we are bangor ♪ ♪ we are not banger ♪ ♪ and when you misbrowns mispronounce our name it causes anger ♪ ♪ our city is the star on the edge of night ♪ ♪ so the least you folks could do is say it right ♪ ♪ >> woodruff: duly chastised. >> woodruff: again, the major developments of the day. oregon's democratic governor john kitzhaber announced he's resigning, over alleged influence peddling by his fiancee. and iraqi troops repulsed an "islamic state" attack at a base where 400 u.s. troops are training government forces. and a reminder about some upcoming programs from our pbs colleagues. gwen ifill is preparing for "washington week," which airs later this evening. here's a preview: >> ifill: is there room for middle ground anywhere? in ukraine's shaky cease fire? in the search for a way to defeat isis? in the congressional debate over funding homeland security? or on the 2016 campaign trail? maybe not, but we go in search of it anyway on tonight's "washington week." judy? >> woodruff: on pbs newshour weekend saturday, colorado's decision to legalize marijuana has angered some of it's neighbors. now they're suing. dam award is the sheriff of this county in nebraska by the state line with colorado. sheriff hayward said his work has not been the same since colorado legalized recreational marijuana. >> keep it there. it's still legal here. we don't have a choice. we have to enforce the law. >> the sheriff said he arrested people carrying marijuana from colorado back across the border. >> we're a small department. if they run across someone, they call many someone out, we have to pay overtime -- >> drivers registration. regardless where the person is from the county picks up the bill for housing and medical treatment for those in custody and the cost of hiring a public defender. >> woodruff: tune in for the full report on saturday's pbs newshour weekend. and that's the newshour for tonight. i'm judy woodruff, have a great weekend, and don't forget tomorrow is valentine's day! thank you and good night. >> major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by: >> lincoln financial-- committed to helping you take charge of your life and become you're own chief life officer. >> carnegie corporation of new york. supporting innovations in education, democratic engagement, and the advancement of international peace and security. at carnegie.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these institutions and friends of the newshour. >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org this is "nightly business report" with tyler mathisen and sue herera. record friday. the s&p 500 closes at a new high. so do small cap stocks and the dow jones industrial average break through 18,000 for the first time this year. are there more big gains ahead and where should you put your money now? fighting cyber crime. it is one of the biggest threats to business and today at a summit in silicon valley president obama urged cooperation with the private sector to make the internet safe. all th tonight on "nightly business report" for friday february 13th. good evening, everyone. i'm tyler mathisen. sue herera is off tonight. well the bulls are back on wall street turning friday the 13th into a lucky day. the

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