Have, the ideas that i have about history, ive put into this project that ive made. Woodruff and, economists suggest more selfrestraint as a child leads to better economic outcomes later in life. How some schools are teaching character to increase the odds of success. Woodruff those are some of the stories were covering on tonights pbs newshour. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by while we might wire your street, also your friends and neighbors. I. D. E. W. , the power professionals in your neighborhood. Lincoln financial committed to helping you take charge of your life and become youre own chief life officer. Supported by the john d. And catherine t. Macarthur foundation. Committed to building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. More information at macfound. Org and with the ongoing support of these institutions and. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Ifill the people of france spent the day on edge, mourning the victims of a mass shooting in paris, and tracking the manhunt for two attackers. U. S. Officials said they were on a nofly list for terror suspects, and French Police questioned at least 90 people, detained nine, and expanded their sweep outside the capital. Hari sreenivasan begins our coverage. Sreenivasan squads of police with helmets and shields followed Armored Vehicles into an area northeast of paris by this afternoon. They shifted their search after two men resembling the suspects robbed this gas station in villers cotterets, a little over 40 miles from the french capital. In short order, helicopters began to buzz the region, Security Forces entered nearby woodland villages and carried out housetohouse searches, on reports the gunmen might have holed up there. In paris, french Prime Minister manuel valls sought to calm public fears. translated we want to tell the french people all that we are very mobilized. We want to salute the fact that the french gathered and were united yesterday and today, and will be this weekend without a doubt, and we want to tell our will to fight to defend our liberties, our democracy and our tolerance. Sreenivasan the objects of the manhunt are brothers in their thirties. The younger, cherif kouachi, had been sentenced to 18 months in prison in 2008 for trying to join a militant Islamist Group fighting in iraq. Less is known of the older brother, said kouachi, but the Prime Minister said both had been known to Intelligence Services before yesterday. As soon as we knew the identities, the safe havens were under surveillance. Nine persons are currently in custody. Reporter a third suspect, 18year old mourad hamyd, turned himself into Police Last Night after learning his name was linked to the attacks. Friends said hed been in school at the time of the shootings. On this national day of mourning, the bells of notre dame tolled, and french president Francois Hollande led a moment of silence for the 12 People Killed at charlie hebdo. The satirical weekly had a history of lampooning islam and other religions, in commentary and cartoons. Today, people laid flowers and lit candles at the publications offices, and decried the killings. translated its a shame that because of humor, that we condemn humor and that weve gone so far to kill people for cartoons, for ideas. Its sad, its a bit devastating that today in paris weve got to this point, for ideas and for humor. Sreenivasan all across the city, Police Presence was heavy this day, but tensions spiked with the Fatal Shooting of a policewoman in a southern suburb of paris. It remained unclear if the incident had any connection to yesterdays killings. Elsewhere, in shows of solidarity, some european newspapers republished some of Charlie Hebdos cartoons. And in protests around the world and online, people everywhere joined in declarations saying, je suis charlie, or i am charlie. This evening in paris, in a dramatic display, the eiffel tower went black in a further demonstration of national sorrow. Im Hari Sreenivasan in new york for the pbs newshour. Ifill a short time ago i spoke to mark austin of independent Television News from paris. Mark austin, thank you so much for joining us. I know its late there. What can you tell us tonight about the latest in the scope and success if any of this manhunt . No Great Success yet but its on a massive scale. I mean hundreds of special forces hundreds of armed Police Conducting a hunt about 50 or 60 miles northeast of paris in northern france in a heavily wooded area of about several thousand acres. So they have a massive job but its thought there the two brothers are hiding out and its thought the police and special forces are tonight closing in, or at least thats the hope of many people here in france. Of course with darkness the initiative could pass to the special forces with their infrared equipment and its believed they may be closing in tonight. Ifill can you give us signs of how people are reacting to this . We know the suspects are on the loose. We know a third suspect has turned himself in but said he wasnt involved. Are people still on edge . People are very much on edge here in paris. There was a feeling yesterday this is a specifically targeted attack on this magazine behind me here, but today weve had more attacks. These two brothers are still on the loose, and i think there is a great sense of fear here and the real hope that these two men are caught. Its also very somber here, i have to tell you. I mean, we have been here all day just by this shrine here and hundreds thousands of people have come here during the day just to lay flowers light candles. Its been a very moving experience. But a Great Sadness but also it is still very much a country on edge tonight. Is there much tension in particular in the Muslim Community . Its interesting. I talk about people coming to this shrine today. There was a visit by a number of Muslim Leaders today who laid their own flowers and said their own prayers because they believe that this was an attack that was not in their name and not in islams name. I spent time today in the muslim quarter here and that is a belief shared by thousands of muslims here. We spoke to a number of people, Young Students who say this is not in their name and they want nothing to do with it and they want unity and togetherness. There are some 6 million muslims in france and they have to get on. I think theres a real sense here the fabric of this country is being tested like seldom before, and there are calls tonight for unity and togetherness. Ifill mark austin, we can only hope that that actually holds. From independent Television News, thank you very much. Ifill well talk more about radicalization of, and attitudes toward muslims in france, after the news summary. Woodruff here in the u. S. , stock markets soared for a second day on hopes for an upbeat jobs report tomorrow, and possible economic stimulus action in europe. The buying binge more than made up losses from earlier in the week. In all, the Dow Jones Industrial average gained 323 points to close at 17,908; the nasdaq rose 85 points to close at 4,736; and the s p 500 added 36 to finish at 2,062. Ifill recordbreaking cold hardened a deep freeze that stretched to day from the midwest to new england. Wind chills dipped below zero again, prompting schools to push back classes or cancel them for a second day in a row. But commuters had little choice but to brave the elements, as the cold caused breakdowns in public transportation. Hopefully summer comes sooner, like real soon, you know . I cant take this anymore, man. Do you see my eyes are running, my nose is running, is it comfortable . I dont think so. Im originally from the caribbean. So im freezing. I dont know what im going to do to change this. laughs but its very cold, and i got to go to work so thats why im out here. Ifill and there is another socalled Alberta Clipper coming behind this one. Minnesota and the dakotas could face wind gusts of up to 50 milesanhour. Woodruff overseas, frigid temperatures also gripped the middle east again, prompting appeals to help syrian refugees. Blizzards, rain and high winds have buffeted camps in jordan and lebanon, where hundreds of thousands have fled the fighting in syria. Today, activists warned conditions are catastrophic. But the storm silenced the guns inside syria, with no reported deaths for the first time in three years. Ifill there was no letup in the violence across iraq, where 23 people died in suicide attacks. The first bomber rammed his car into a checkpoint south of baghdad, killing three Police Officers and four civilians. A second attacker targeted police and shiite militiamen in samarra, killing eight more people. Later, a bombing in baghdad claimed another eight lives. Woodruff egypts army is making new moves to curb the influx of guns and militants across its border with gaza. Today, the military said today its doubling a buffer zone. The decision means more than 1200 homes will have to be destroyed in one of egypts poorest districts. Ifill rough seas blocked efforts today to recover the black box recorders from the airasia plane that crashed off indonesia. Shaky underwater video showed divers examining the tail section after it was located yesterday. The recorders are believed to be in that wreckage. Crews may try raising it to the surface tomorrow. Woodruff the u. S. Government has fined the Honda Motor Company a record 70 million for failing to report complaints of deaths and injuries. The national Highway Traffic Safety Administration imposed the penalty today. Honda has acknowledged that it never reported more than 1,700 complaints on safety issues going back to 2003. It also withheld warranty claims. Ifill back in this country, one of the senates leading liberals california democrat Barbara Boxer announced today she will not seek reelection in 2016. The fourterm senator issued her statement in an online video, answering questions posed by her grandson. I am never going to retire. The work is too important. But i will not be running for the senate in 2016. Im going to continue working on the issues i love. Ill have more time to help other people through my pack for change community. I have to make sure the senate seat stays progressive that is so critical, and i want to help our democratic candidate for president make history. Ifill boxer was elected to the house in 1982, and to the senate, ten years later. Shes been a staunch advocate of abortion rights and environmental protection. She is 74yearsold, but says age was not a factor in her decision. Woodruff and, police in colorado springs, colorado, appealed today for tips on a bombing this week near an office of the n. A. A. C. P. The Civil Rights Organization joined in the appeal. The bombing caused only minor damage and no injuries. The f. B. I. Is investigating, but says its too soon to tell whether the n. A. A. C. P. Was the target. Woodruff still to come on the newshour. Whats driving the rise of anti muslim sentiment in france. Why are more westernized muslims turning towards radical interpretations of islam. The director of the film selma on her take of a pivotal time in the civil rights movement. Teaching selfrestraint to even the most outofcontrol students. And the thin line walked by political and cultural cartoonists and satirists. Ifill we return now to france, yesterdays attacks, among other things, put a spotlight on the growing tensions between the countrys muslim and immigrant community and a large portion of french society. Newshours Megan Thompson got a firsthand account of that divide on a recent reporting trip to the southern the city of marseilles. This city of more than 850,000 is frances second largest and one of its most diverse. About 500 miles southeast of paris and on the med trainson, marseilles is home to tens of thousands of immigrants throughout europe and more recently from north africa. By some estimates, the city is now 30 to 40 muslim one of the highest concentrations of muslims anywhere in this overwhelmingly catholic country. Even before yesterdays attack and two other recent attacks by muslim men, tensions between muslims and nonmuslims had been raising in marseilles. This is complicated with the arrival of the foreigners who changed everything in the town of marseilles. This photographer lived in marseilles his entire life and felt things change over the years. Before, everyone knew each other. Even the first immigrants in marseilles, the italians spanish, all that. It all worked fine perhaps because it was the same religion. What came after is more complicated, less integrated. Reporter he said that has given rise to uneasiness. Difficult encounters are already occurring. The old marseilles are annoyed to have people who come and bother them in their hometown because we have our ways and the new arrivals feel not well accepted and you feel their hatred increasing. You can see it in the buses. There are fights, and that didnt happen before. Reporter we asked if he believed new imgrants are to blame . Im absolutely convinced the main problems come from this. Reporter there are a lot of verbal insults. The stares, people in the streets looking at me. Natalie was born in france, the daughter of an algerian immigrant. She converted to islam in her early tweents and is married to an imam. The mother of seven says once or twice a month she is ridiculed because she wears a scarf. She says shes been excluded from her childrens field trips and in 2012 nearly had a confrontation in a store. A woman tore into me really insulted me. She said youve rejected our origin because she knew im french because i told her. She insulted me with all these names. She almost hit me. Reporter she said she reported the incident to police but nothing happened. According to one survey taken last spring, about a quarter of the french population had an unfavorable view of muslims which is actually much lower than other European Countries. During our visit to marseilles last month, many muslims we spoke to told us about what they say is widespread job discrimination, unfair media portrayals of all muslims as terrorists and a pattern of mos tile remarks. It doesnt bother me. I ignore them. But when you have your kids with you and someone insults you its degrading. Frankly, when it happens on the street, its hard to justify it to the kids. They dont understand. My son, he says when im big, i am going to fight these people if they talk to you that way. I say you cant respond to aggression with aggression. Reporter why do you think people treat you this way . I really i think its fear of the other and also a lack of understanding of our religion. Also i think that muslims dont make enough effort to reach out and explain the fundamentals of our religion, that there is a lot of respect for others. Reporter we also heard stories about a right wing politician from marseilles whose actions offended some members of the Muslim Community. He once interrupted a muslim wedding because the bride was wearing a veil covering her face a violation of french law. He explained it to us this way. We have an identity and we also have laws. So french law forbids anyone to be entirely veiled. So i have only applied the law. There is no islam phobic, racist of extremist motivation on my end. Reporter last September Javier was elected to the french senate, the first time in history when anyone from the far right front party has been elected to the body. The National Front gained ground in france as worries of economy and security have grown. So i am saying to the french muslims who want to live their islam that they have the right to do so, of course. Our country, secularism, allows them to live their islam. Reporter but javier also insists despite frances separation of church and state, the nations long christian traditions must be respected. I would like to remind people that france is a christian country, an identity, a culture. So im telling the french muslims that dont forget that here it is french soil and france as is done around the world, we also have to respect religions, rituals, customs and codes. So there is islam and islamism which is growing. Reporter he is critical of National Leaders like the french president for not fully appreciating the threat he says some french muslims present. Just yesterday following the mass shooting, the leader of the National Front party says time is up for denial and hypocrisy. The absolute rejection of islamic fundamentalism must be proclaimed loudly and clearly. Massive immigration is causing islamization. We can see there are some extremist elements at the heart. They are very active. The french authorities are frozen because they fear being labeled islamaphobic. Reporter officials estimate 1,000 muslims left to join jihad. We need to take measures to match the danger. Reporter theres still another aspect to all offthis. Many believe relations between christians and muslims are further strained because many muslims are poor and during difficult times that leads to resentment about providing for them. The National Unemployment rate in france is now about 10 . The Economic Situation is exreerl serious. We welcome immigrants who have nothing and many have no skills. They become the states ponsability. We will have to house them, provide healthcare assist them at all levels. Reporter so what does the future hold for relations between muslims and christians in marseilles . There seems to be little optimism. I think that well