Transcripts For KQED PBS NewsHour 20131012

Supporting the cause of education. Even dead did not want to kill me so how can the taliban . Woodruff those are just some of the stories were covering on tonights pbs newshour. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by my customers can shop around; see who does good work and compare costs. It can also work that way with healthcare. With united healthcare, i get information on quality ratings of doctors, Treatment Options and estimates for how much ill pay. That helps me and my guys make informed decisions. I dont like guesses with my business and definitely not with our health. Thats health in numbers. United healthcare. Support also comes from Carnegie Corporation of new york, a foundation created to do what Andrew Carnegie called real and permanent good. Celebrating 100 years of philanthropy at carnegie. Org. And with the ongoing support of these institutions and foundations. And friends of the newshour. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Woodruff our lead story tonight the truce talks in washingtons war over spending went into the weekend with much of the government still closed. House and Senate Republicans bargained separately with president obama on ways to raise the debt ceiling and end the shutdown. Newshour Congressional Correspondent kwame holman has our report. Reporter after nearly two hours at the white house, Senate Republicans returned to the capitol this afternoon with a pledge to work on a bipartisan plan. A framework put forward by maine republican Susan Collins would include a shortterm debt limit increase and funding to reopen the government. It would also repeal the tax on medical devices, used to help finance the health care law. And, it would give federal agencies more flexibility to manage mandatory spending cuts. Collins said president obama listened and seemed receptive. The president listened carefully. He said that some of the elements were issues we could work on, but he certainly did not endorse them. There were many conversations on the longterm debt problem. Many members expressed concern about raising the debt limit without a specific plan to deal with our 17 trillion national debt. Reporter meanwhile, House Republicans updated their proposal. Aides said it temporarily lifts the debt ceiling, ends the shutdown and replaces some of the spending cuts with curbs on benefit programs. At the white house, press secretary jay carney said the president telephoned House Speaker john boehner this afternoon and welcomed his constructive approach. But carney said the time frame is a problem. You know, a proposal that puts a debt ceiling increase at only six weeks tied to budget negotiations would put us right back where we are today in just six weeks, on the verge of thanksgiving and obviously important shopping season leading up to the holidays. Reporter back at the similar warning. There was greig evidence Congressional Republicans were paying the heavier political price as the long stalemate drags on. A wall street journal nbc news poll found 53 of americans blame republicans for the shutdown, while 31 fault the president. Other surveys had similar findings. Adding to the pressure to act, the head of the National Transportation safety board Deborah Hersman told a Senate Hearing that shes had to halt safety investigations. In addition to the activities these delays slow our determination of probable cause and the issuance of safety recommendations; essentially delaying safety to the american public, resulting in lost lives and injuries. Reporter there also were smaller signs of the shutdowns toll. A senate landmark the ohio clock stopped ticking this week because the workers who wind it have been furloughed. Woodruff in other news, wall street racked up a second day of big gains, on hopes for a settlement in washington. The Dow Jones Industrial average added 111 points to close at 15,237. The nasdaq rose 31 points to close near 3792. For the week, the dow gained 1 the nasdaq fell about half a percent. The Agency Working to destroy chemical weapons in syria won the Nobel Peace Prize today. The Norwegian Nobel Committee honored the organization for the prohibition of chemical weapons. It had been widely speculated the prize might go to Malala Yousafzai, the pakistani girl shot by the taliban for advocating education for girls. Well have more on the peace prize, right after the news summary. Human rights watch charged today that rebels in syria killed at least 190 civilians and kidnapped more than 200 others in attacks on august fourth. It happened during a rebel offensive in the coastal province of latakia. Witnesses told of entire families being executed. Human rights watch says islamist groups, including two linked to alqaida, led the offensive. The coordinated nature and advance planning that went into this operation shows that this is not just the work of some rogue fighters within these rebel groups, but rather this was a planned attack against the civilian population. For that reason, we do believe the abuses may amount to crimes against humanity. They certainly amount to war crimes. Woodruff the rebels are mainly sunni muslims. The victims of the attack belonged to the minority alawite sect, which supports president bashar alassad. Secretary of state john kerry made an unannounced trip to afghanistan today to help revive security talks. He met with President Hamid karzai to discuss keeping some u. S. Troops in the country beyond 2014. Talks have stalled over how to preserve afghan sovereignty. Also today, an afghan official said u. S. Troops have captured a senior Pakistani Taliban commander in afghanistan. A massive Tropical Cyclone barreled toward eastern india today. The powerful storm had grown so large 1,000 miles across it almost filled the bay of bengal. The storm is already whipping up seas, and could have winds of 135 milesanhour when it hits india tomorrow night. Tens of thousands of residents along the coast have been ordered to flee to safety. The u. S. Air force has fired the commander of its Nuclear Missile force. Major general Michael Carey was responsible for the air forces 450 intercontinental ballistic missiles. Hes been reassigned over alleged personal misconduct. Earlier this week, the navy fired a vice admiral who oversaw nuclear weapons. Hes being investigated over gambling issues. Still ahead on the newshour a Nobel Peace Prize for destroying syrias chemical weapons; the 16year old whos captured the world stage to promote girls education; a new documentary on americas economic divide; shields and brooks and world treasures at risk in modern societies. And we return now to the Nobel Peace Prize and the littleknown group that won the award. Ray suarez has more. The Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided that the Nobel Peace Prize for 2013 is to be awarded to the organization for the prohibition of chemical weapons suarez the announcement in oslo, norway honored a group formed in 1997, and affiliated with the United Nations. Since then, the organization, based in the hague, has enforced the Chemical Weapons Convention banning the production and use of such weapons. Recent events in syria, where chemical weapons have again been put to use, have underlined the need to enhance the efforts to do away with such weapons. Reporter indeed, the events in august, the u. N. Assigned the o. P. C. W. To investigate alleged Chemical Attacks by the syrian military. This week, the groups experts began inspecting and destroying Bashar Al Assads stockpile of poison gas and nerve agents with a goal of finishing by mid 2014. The groups directorgeneral voiced hoped today that the world will refocus on syria. I truly hope that this award and the o. P. C. W. s Ongoing Mission together with the United Nations in syria will help broader efforts to achieve peace in that country and end the suffering of its people. Suarez Syrian Rebels criticized the prize. The Syrian National Coalition Said it misses the real point. It seems that the world insists on forgetting that we have over a 110,000 Fallen Heroes using conventional weapons and yet the world for reasons which are obvious to everybody, focuses on the issue of chemical weapons that only killed less than 1,400 people. Suarez the Assad Government said the peace prize underscores its credibility in cooperating with the inspectors. To tell us more about this years peace prize winner, im joined now by Charles Duelfer a former top United Nations weapons inspector. Is it fair to say that outside your line of work, the o. P. C. W. Was not a widely known organization. Well, its one of these organizations with a lot of letters in it, but the key thing that they do is they implement the treaty that bans chemical weapons and theyve been around for about 15 years and theyve been pretty successful over those 15 years. The number of countries left with chemical weapons is very, very small. So the prize not only recognizes the work being done in syria but it works the work theyve done for the last 15 years, which is quite substantial. Suarez since they won they have described as u. N. Associated, u. N. Affiliated. What is the nature of the organization. Do they get money, support, from the u. N. Or are they really independent . Its complicated. The implementing organization for this treaty is separate from the United Nations and the Security Council but it does have a relationship. Its important in this case where the Security Council, which is mandating the disarmament of syria, has elected to use the o. P. C. W. As their implementing arm. Theyre tied together in a Common Mission here. The Security Council iil with russia, the United States, france, china, the u. K. , with veto power, and they have the ability to really make this higher law are causing o. P. C. W. To act in syria. Suarez what theyre doing in syria, confiscating, ca can categorying and then destroying chemical weapons, is that a kind of expertise that it not widely distributed that you need an organization like this to do. They arent. In many ways this is a good thing. There arent that many chemical weapons around. There arent that many chemical weapons experts, so to get rid of this stuff you need chemists. You need people familiar with the safety issues and know how to respond if theres an accident. You need security people because in syria theres a lot of security issues. So theres a mix of people that they need. Theyre going to have to be hiring, frankly, to execute this mission. Mission. Suarez they are now in syria because in part syria final plea became a signatory to the chemical weapon convention. Is that what gives the o. P. C. W. The authority to do this work . Once you become a signatory you are submitting yourself to the gaze of this outfit. Thats right. Syria made the decision largely made on advice i think from russia to join the Chemical Weapons Convention, and in doing that they assume a lot of obligations to have inspectors, to disarm. Theres a long process and theres a long track record for accomplishing this that they have to now follow. The Security Council has laid down a very tough timeline and time schedule and have also increetsed some of the authorities of the weapons inspectors itself to execute this mission. Suarez as far as you know, are they doing a good job in syria so far, both sides are doing what they signed up for. The weapons inspectors are there. And the sir jans so far, laid out what theyve got with pretty good credibility. You know, sometimes good things happen. So far, so good. Suarez when organizations like Doctors Without Borders win the Nobel Peace Prize thelps them a great deal in their outreach to the world, in their fundraising, in their name recognition. Is o. P. C. W. The kind of outfit that actually needs a boost tots profile along with its contributions . I have to support committee, which is a Norwegian Committee selected them because they could make a difference at this point in time. The prestige associated with the prize, i think, will probably make it more likely that syria will fulfill all its obligations. In fact they, do need to raise money and having the nobel prize and that prestige will help them get the resources to execute this mission. I think it brings attention to a problem which has been global, which near eradication in a sense. In some ways i think i would compare it to the effort to get rid of smallpox. Theyre pretty close to getting rid of all the chemical weapons, declared chemical weapons by countries on the planet. Suarez quickly, before we go, who are the final hold outs . Where can you still find chemical weapons, these weapons are that are judged as just beyond use, odious by the rest of the International Community . There are two parts of the answer to that. One there are the countries who declare they have them and havent gotten rid of them all, and thats largely the United States and russia where they have massive stocks left over from the cold war and theyre still working their way through getting rid of those. There are a few outliars who havent subscribed to. Egypt stands out. They have not subscribed to it. I think there will be increasing pressure on the few remaining countries to join with the rest of the world on this gl charle. Suarez Charles Duelfer, thank you for joining us. Thank you, ray. Woodruff now to a closer look at one of the favorites for this years peace prize Malala Yousafzai of pakistan. Our own Margaret Warner spent time with the young activist in washington this afternoon and begins with this report. Let us pick up our books and our pens. They are our most powerful weapons. Warner spending her 16th birthday as no one else ever has, this pakistani student captivated the world when she spoke at the United Nations three months ago. One child, one teacher, one book and one pen can change the world. Education is the only solution. Education first. Warner and in march, she became the youngestever nominee for the Nobel Peace Prize. Malala yousafzais call to educate girls began in 2009 in what once had been pakistans vacation paradise, the swat valley. Just 11, she began writing a blog for bbc urdu about life under the ultraconservative taliban, who had taken over swat. Encouraged by her father a girls school owner and activist himself she raised her voice against the talibans brutality, and its ban on girls education. With the release of a New York Times documentary that year, she became a media celebrity in pakistan and beyond, but her work drew the ire of those who opposed her message. sirens and a year ago this week, as the 15yearold was riding home in a school bus with her friends, a taliban gunman boarded the bus and shot her in the head. The injuries were life threatening. She was unconscious for days. But, once flown to the u. K. For surgery and rehabilitation, she made a remarkable recovery. Boys and girls from pakistan and around the world rallied to her side and her cause, proclaiming i am malala. She now goes to school in the u. K. , where she lives with her family. But the awards kept coming and the demands to speak. We can fight war through dialogue, peace and education warner and shes now on the road promoting her justreleased book i am malala. In the face of the worlds praise, some back in pakistan are more skeptical. translated all this recognition may be good for her internationally. It may be good for her family. But we have not benefited from it. Neither has swat gained from it in any way, nor our educational warner but she continues speaking and raising money to bring education to more girls around the world, despite renewed Death Threats against her from the taliban. I spoke to the young activist leader earlier today. Malala yousafzai, thank you for joining us. Tell us what inspired you at such a young age to star start speak out for girls education, and really in such a dangerous environment. First of all, my father inspired me because hes a great father and a great social activist and womens rights activists. At that time, when they were suffering from terrorism, he spoke, he spoke out. And he spoke for womens rights because at that time, more than 400 schools, people were slaughtered, markets were closed. There were bans on women to go to market. Girls were not allowed to go to school, and in that hard situation, he inspired me because he spoke and thats what i learned from him. Warner did you ever think, though, your outspokenness, and the fact you became a media star in pakistan would make you or your family a target . I think being living in such a hard situation when there are terrorist terrorists and they slaughter people every night, its still hard. Its still a threat. So its a better idea to speak up for your rights and then die. I prefer that one. So thats why, we spoke at that time. We said one has to speak. Why are we waiting for someone else . The governments were not take an action. The army was not taking a good action. So thats why we said that we will speak up for the rights. This is what we can do and we tried our best. Warner now youve been forced, of course, to leave pakistan. Youve become this International Symbol of bravery and speaking up for girls education. But what has happened to the girls you left behind . What is their situation . The girls some pakistan, its really hard for them t to go to school. Many girls will not go to school because of poverty. And some because of child labor and trafficking. Some parents dont send their children to school because they dont know its important at all. And some girls wont go to school because of the cultures norms and tabus so there are still many issues stopping us to go to school. Warner why do you think the taliban what is their vision of islam that makes them so opposed to girls education, and if so, can you really change that, and can you change that culture just by educating girls. The first thing is the taliban have misunderstood islam. They have never studied islam deeply. I think they have not read the koran, even, because in islam it is said that it is the right of every girl and every boy to get education, to get knowledge. Islam says about equality, theres no difference between a man and a woman. Islam tells us to respect each other, dont judge each other on the basis of religion. So i think the terrorists have forgotteterrorists have forgott. They must read koran first, they must learn from it first, so thats why they are misusing the name of islam for their own personal benefits. Warner there has been a backlash against you. Some pack takens say you shamed their country or an agent of western interest who want to undermine pack stab or islam. How does that make you feel when youre out here fighting this fight . The first thing is its ones right to express his feelings or her feelings. When i look at the groups that speak against me in pakistan or anywhere, its a very small group, a very tiny group. I must look at the millions of peoples prayers, and the people who are supporting me. I think i must not lose hope and i must not look at the small group. Rather i must see those millions of people praying for me and supporting me in my cause of education. Warner there was a new threat issued just this week from a taliban spokesman who said essentially if she keeps speak out like this we will target her again and attack whenever we get the chance. Do you feel youre still in danger, even living abroad . I think the taliban reminded me of the threats. Warner is there a difference . The thing is that theyve already threatened me when i was in swat, and later on they attacked me, but the thing is now im living a second life. And god has given me this new life for the cause of education. And believe even death is sipting the cause of education, even dead does not want to kill me, so how can this taliban kill me . I think i must not be afraid of death. I might have been before, but now they threat me, im not afraid of any threat. I have seen it already. So now im more powerful. Now im more courageous, and i will continue my campaign. Warner now, do you get to go to school yourself anymore with all these public appearances . Do you have any semblance of a normal life in england . I go to school in a car because its part of it. Its true when i go to a market, when gito a park, people gather around me and they want to talk to me. They want to have picture with me. Some people want autograph. It is the love of people, and i think its a great honor for me nanow people now i can reach people. Warner there was a lot of iepgz this week, the last few weeks, nayou, the youngest ever nobel prize nominee, was going to win today, and it went elsewhere. What was it like what did it feel like, first of all, to have all those expectations . And is it a letdown not to have won . If we just forget about the decision that was taken about the Nobel Peace Prize, i think people gave me that prize. They nominated me, and that is the great prize for me. If i get an award, if i get a paper, it does not matter. Because when i look at the prayers of people and their support and how much they love me, i think that is the biggest prize that i have ever received. And then i have a prize in my mind for which ill struggle, for which ill do the campaign, and that is the prize, that is the reward to see every child to go to school and ill serve my whole life for that. That is a prize i want to get in my life. And i think Nobel Peace Prize committee, the decision they have taken, is the right decision because i need to work a lot. Warner Malala Yousafzai, thank you so much. Nice to tuke you. Warner it was a great honor to meet you. Woodruff next, a professor and former Government Official whos been on a decadeslong quest to combat inequality. Now hes become the focus of a new film. Newshour economics correspondent, paul solman, has our look. Its part of his ongoing reporting making sense of financial news. My name is robert reich. I was secretary of labor under bill clinton; before that, the carter administration; before that, i was a special aide to Abraham Lincoln. laughter reporter the improbable star of an unlikely feature film the chartand graphfilled, often funny, sometimes sad documentary inequality for all. Of all developed nations, the United States has the most unequal distribution of income, resurgent or even great inequality. Robert reich, welcome. Thank you. Reporter whats the basic argument here . The argument is that inequality is bad for everyone, not just the middle class and poor. 95 of the gains, the economic gains, since the recovery began in 2009 are going to the top 1 . Meanwhile Median Household Income keeps dropping, adjusted for inflation. Well, where are people going to get the money they need to keep the economy going . Reporter i first met you in early 1980s and you were already beginning to talk about this phenomenon of inequality right . I am so boring, paul. I mean, i really, i bore myself. In this movie, i see myself talking about this same issue, and im in my early 30s and im in my 40s, im in my 50s and its, you know, if you ever want to get a sense of your own personal failure, you know . Look at yourself trying to get across a point that nobody is listening to and the situation gets worse and worse. Reporter in the film, reich reveals a very personal reason for his persistence. When i was a kid the bigger boys would pick on me. That was what you did. Thats what is done. So i got an idea that i would make alliances with older boys. Just one or two who could be my protectors. The summer when i was about ten, one of the older boys who i depended on to be a protector was michael schwerner. The summer of 64, i learned that mickey had been in mississippi registering voters and he and two other people who had been with him registering voters were tortured and murdered. I think something just kind of shifted in my brain. I thought, i have to make sure in whatever way i can that people have some degree of protection, that the Vulnerable People of which there are many dont suffer the economic bullies. Were the richest economy in the history of the world. For the majority of americans not to get the benefits of this extraordinarily prosperous economy, you know theres something fundamentally wrong. Reporter the early 1980s was when the growing divide first emerged the early signs of the rich getting richer while almost everyone else was falling behind. Is it not plausible that whats happening is that were living in a more and more skills intensive World Economy and that some people, perhaps because of who their parents married and their natural endowments and certainly their cultural environment just have more of those skills than everybody else and theyre getting rewarded for it . Well, undoubtedly thats part of the story but we also know that we have less upward mobility than any other advanced country. Reporter so you mean natural endowments cant explain it all. Natural endowments dont explain it all, cant explain it all. We have a School System that is not very good, particularly for poorer and working class and middle class kids. We also know that its getting harder and harder to finance higher education. I think its wrong to be an economic determinist, i think its wrong to simply say well inevitably if youre poor, youre going to get a lousy education, if youre lower middle class, the cards are going to be stacked against you, youll probably never get anywhere. Reporter but a lot of people think, particularly the people who have benefited, that theyre entitled to the fruits of their abilities, their labor. What do you expect them to say . Some of them like warren buffet and nick hanauer, whos in the film, say, i should be taxed more, this is crazy. But many of them say, if im wealthy, i must be really smart. I want a shot for people like me to grow up and do something with themselves. Reporter like reich, director Jacob Kornbluth has personal reasons for his focus on inequality. I grew up poor. My mother raised a family of four on between 9,000 and 15,000 a year. Im 40 years old, what ive seen my whole life is widening income inequality. But so what, so the economys grown so unequal, what, why should we care, why should we care, thats the subject of the movie, thats why we made it. Who is actually looking out for the American Worker . The answer is, nobody. We are losing equal opportunity in america. Any of you who feels cynical, just consider where we have been. Reporter why do you care so much . Because equal opportunity is what this country is built on. So many people feel like the game is rigged, paul, that theyre. Theyre sort of giving up on politics. You know they. They. Reporter oh, for sure. Theyre totally cynical. Well if you give up on politics, youre giving up on democracy and if you give up on democracy youre basically saying to the moneyed interests, the powerful people and institutions and society, take it all. Thats a selffulfilling prophecy, then we give up, then we are 100 plutocracy. Reporter robert reich, thanks very much. Thanks, paul. Woodruff and to the analysis of shields and brooks, syndicated columnist mark shields and New York Times columnist david brooks. Gentlemen, together again. So the Government Shutdown, the debate, the argument over the debt ceiling, mark, help us understand where we are withaul this. Were struggling to understand it. Well, substantively and politically, politically, judy, this has been an unequivocal catastrophe for the republicans. The Republican Party is pagan enormous price. Theyve got the political equivalent of halitosis right now. Voters have turned against them. They have the lowest rating in the history of the wall street journal nbc poll. Its bane disaster poop people blame them for it. Barack obama now gets less blame for this than bill clt did in the 19951996 closing which was regarded in the retrospeck to an enormous blow to the republicans then and an advantage for clt running for reelection. Theres no question, that part of it is is resolved. Wherever we go forward from here, its on the carcass of the republicans. The republicans are really in the position now of essentially suing for peace. Woodruff wherever we are, where are we gdavid . I think were going towards a deal, the government will reopen. It will not be a complete surrender by the republicans but pretty close. They may get the medical device tax removed from obamacare. Thats not exactly what this was fought over. I suspect that i ever going to extend well have budget negotiations in the future. I dont know how long theyll extend the spending. The polls are just, as mark said, catastrophic. Im not sure how longstanding they will be. The problem with the republicans it theyre tectonic. Theyre catering to 28 of the country, and theyre just estranged from the other help me here 62 . 72. My math girls, great. My math skills great. Theyre in an insular rut. And the question for me Going Forward with the republicans, take on the suicide caucus. If you cant take on ted cruz, then you dont survive as a party so they have to make thats decision. Short term i think the government will reopen soon. Woodruff its that bleak, mark, for the Republican Party . Judy its not a great lift for the democrats. The democrats obviously are profiting from the republicans problems but it isnt like the democrats have soared. Its a little bit like the Rodney Dangerfield question, how is your wife compared to what. Compared to republicans the democrats look like george washington, Abraham Lincoln and f. D. R. Rolled into one. The president s numbers have not gone up dramatically. I agree with david, its a tom davis was on the broadcast last night pup interviewed him, and he made the point 80 of republicans go home to districts and all they talk to are republicans. If you only talk to people who agree with you, its pretty easy to come to the conclusion that, boy, youre in the majority. I just think this is its not simply a republican problem but i think right now its a republican problem when theyre caught in this situation. The real cost beyond the political advantage right now is the erosion and hemorrhaging of confidence in government. And our ability to act collectively. We dont have the optimism or the confidence right now to build an erie canal, let alone a federal highway system or continental railroad. I mean i just i think that in the long run is a terrible price were paying. I think thats a price for the country. Its also, frankly, a price for liberals and democrats who is the party of government. If you had told me a couple of years ago wed have a financial crisis caused by wall street, an oil spill caused by an oil company, stagnant wages, the things bob reich was talking about. You would think wed be in a big liberal era. Why arent we . Because people dont have faith in the instrument. They dont have faith in government. And a lot of perverse things have led to that erosion of faith. Some of it events like this. I think 60 minutes without meaning to every week if you do scandals in government, ung a lot of scandals there in washington. And so theres been an erosion of support over a generation. Woodruff but youre not saying thats just due to what the republicans are doing . Or are you . Is that what youre saying, the republicans, one party has called confidence in government to drop . I think its fair to say that the Republican Party right now is dominated by antigovernment spirit. And an antigovernment belief. And davids right. The democrats believe historically and presently that government is an instrument of social justice and of economic progress. And one of the problems and david made good point is that we have not celebrated the successes. We have 215 land grant colleges and universities in this country. Were the envy of the world. What a public educational system. We never celebrate it. We dont celebrate the fact that weve taken 98 of the lead out of the air. I think democrats have failed to do it. I think when you just come before people and talk about a litany of whats wrong, that we are a more just, more humane and compassion at bob reich made very good points and veiled point, but we have had enormous progress. Thats how you build confidence about doing something in the future. Its a generational thing. The trust begin to go down late 60s, early 70s, vietnam and watergate played a big role. But the expansion of government into all areas of life like the war on poverty and other things. I think that probably hurt. Its over helppromise and its a case we have become a less trusting society. If you ask americans do you trust the people around you, for most of the 20th century, yeah, i trust my neighbor. I trust the people around me. The majority now, no, i dont trust people around me. Its hurt all institutions, media, government, law. Woodruff what does that mean for the future . Elections, the congress will go on. The executive branch will go on. It will continue to what does it mean dune the road as the government tries to solve problems, the country tries to solve problems. Costs are enormous. Id say if we had a parliamentary system right now wed be looking at a democratic landslide because the democrats have emerged in the wall street journal nbc poll as the more popular party. And i think that its going to take the republicans its going to take a real cold shower. Theyve had a stone wall of reality theyve bun runinto. The idea, judy, that a Serious Political Party john boehner is speaker of the house would propose repealing a statute that was ratified by the definition of mitt romney and paul ryan in the last election having opinion obamacare having been passed. They said the election was going to be about obamacare, both of them did, and the idea you could repeal it with one house control of the congress i mean, its beyond delusional. Woodruff ive talked to members of the tea party this week they still believe thats the right thing to do, just because its law doesnt mean you cant take another look at it. Well, you can take another look, and i might be in favor of taking another look, but you have to look at reality. You have to know what country youre living in. There was never a pact for ted cruz to be successful. So part of politics is having the passion of your beliefs but the priewbs of the reality, and he might have had the passion of his beliefs, but its demagoguery to think you can just do that without doing the practicality. He, ted cuz, mike leigh, they led the Republican Party on a suicide mission. The republicans know that. They knew it beforehand. Woodruff why did they go along with it . They were all afraid of the primary challenge. I think most could beat the primary challenge, and they chose to ride it again. I investigate been told this, John Boehners speakership was fragile, but for him to have fought the fight, i think his speakership might be more secure because he can say to those people the speaker help isnt going to be secure if the republicans lose the house. You think thats possible. I do . I dont. Woodruff . The next election. I think this has the possible of scrambling it. If the republicans continue the way they are this is if this voice remains dominant theyll go through 2016 exactly what they went through in 2012, which was mitt romney essentially beat used antiimmigration to isolate rick perry and Newt Gingrich and his principal opponents and married himself to a policy that was unacceptable to the country but necessary and imperative to be the nominee. If it is going to be that litmus test after litmus test, theyre going to be a Minority Party pup cant hold on as an island in congress and continue to Lose National elections decisively. I agree with you on the National Election front. The demographic problems are well nope. I think in the midterms i think its hard for the republicans to lose the house. Theyre entrenched in the district. This is frankly not a big news event to people. Its not a transformational news event. Most people dont notice the federal government is shut down. We had nice traffic in washington last week. I like it. Some people are suffering, thats true. But as a national transformative thing, the way water gate and vietnam were. I couldnt disagree more. Were talking judy about going on, passing the debt ceiling and keeping government closed. That comes to 9 million americans under womens and infant child care who will be cut off. Thats nutritional. Thats postpartum. Thats pregnancy. Counseling, and assistance for all kinds of people. Thats 66 qix,000 kids in head start. Woodruff the white house is saying they wont go along. To be fair im not saying i approve. The polls show 80 dont notice. Peter hart, said if you were a democratic partisan youd look at this poll with glee. But as anybody who believes in democracy, this is an enormously serious survey, and its one of those bench watermarks in Political Attitudes and public attitudes. I think we may be on the cusp of that. I really do. Woodruff under a minute where does the be president go from here. What is his standing coming out of this . I think he need to figure out if this is a big defeat for republicans are, they weakened on immigration . Is the tea party weakened . Does he have an tune there or is that still probably not going to happen. I would be looking at the other party to stee what opportunities do i now have. He may have more. I think the president is very much in a strengthened position. But his own numbers dont begin to approach those of president clinton or president reagan in their second terms. I mean, he looks and withed stood really severe winds, whereas the republicans havent. But i think he has to at the same time having prevailed in this encounter you cant say we closed the government and made people suffer for the repeal of a medical device . You cant that cant be the answer. At that point, theres going to be Greater Public outrage. Woodruff mark shields, david brooks, thank you, gentlemen. Woodruff theyre under threat by war, the environment, Economic Development and much more. 67 sites in 41 countries and territories are on the 2014 world monuments watch released this week. Jeffrey brown has the story. Brown the list includes the famous and littleknown ancient and modern urban and remote. Among them the world renowned destination of venice, overrun by cruise ships and tourism, and mimars capitol as development encroaches on a historic city center, with its vast real estate of temples and colonial architecture. In the u. S. , six sites were singled out including the gateway arch in slaus, experiencing corrosion threatening the symbol of expansion. Bonnie burnham. What is the criteria that gets something on this list . What are you looking at . Were looking at sites that are on the cusp of going in the wrong direction, where theyre facing some kind of physical issue, some kind of developmentrelated threat, sites that have been through catastrophes, and even sites that are pregnant with opportunity, and we feel that by making bringing more public attention, we can change the situation. Brown you have different examples, different themes. One obvious one we cover on this program all the time is war, notably today, syria. Tell us give us an example of whats been happening there to cultural artifacts and sites. We put all of syria on our watch list because there are so many wonderful sites in the country that are in harms way, especially the urban ones in the city where theres been a lot of fighting. But even in the countryside now, the place is so disrupted, people are looking for places where they can camp out if theyre refugees. Theyre staying in monuments that have not been disturbed for hundreds of years. Theres a lot of looting going on. And its just a situation of general disturbance. Were concerned about whats happening now, but were also concerned about the future. Brown i mean, how much can happen while the violence continues . Cant do much except express concern, but as soon as its over, assuming it will be over, we like to make sure we get it right when the time comes. Brown another very different type of example i mentioned in our introduction, venes, which has the opposite problem from syria, i guess too much attention, right, too much love. Venice is being loved to death, and weve been concerned about it for a long time. That huge escalation in the numbers of people that are there now, even more in a year than far more than the population of the city. And these giant tour boats, no one really knows exactly what kind of Environmental Impact theyre having. Brown those are stunning photos when you see the cruise ship over the whole city, overlooking the city. Theyre staggering, and there are so many of them now, theres never a moment when youre in the the most beautiful city in the world when the boats are not in the harbor. Brown thats not a new problem and the City Government has known about this. Whats the status over the debate whether to somehow lighten the load on the city . We understand the mayor of venice is very interested in having a dialogue, and hes interesting in expression of concern from outside. Hes turning to the International Community and saying help me to bring this into bbs because its not his gigz disigz alone. There are a whole bunch of Government Agencies that have in voice because its economically beneficial to the city. And at the same time, you really have to think about the impact. Brown speaking of economics, another area on your list of many sites is what happens when theres economic dwerntle whether theres a recognition of the cultural her cadge. And one example is mimar. Its a country opening up in a way. Its a positive development, and yet, youre citing the potential for some problems. Thats it it. Its a very dynamic environment. There are many, many people interested in investing there. Businesses cant fiend places to have their offices, and at the same time, the government with all that it has to do to struggle to get on its feet, has not really confronted the question of what will happen to this beautiful colonial city, and in fact theyve moved the Government Agencies out of the city to a new capital, leaving a lot of very important monumental buildings to an uncertain future. Brown lets take one american example, the one i citeed i citeed in the introduction, the arch in st. Louis. I think a lot of people are going to be surprised, as i was, that it would be on the list. Its corrosion . It is corrosion. And i guess that the overarching theme is vigilance, and knows whats happening in your community of the things you treasure and in this case its the National Park service facing a conundrum. Many of these great modern monuments were built in experimental ways, and we dont have standard procedures for how to address problems of this kind. Brown that leads to my last question. What happens next . You create this list. What happens to these monuments and sites once theyre on it. What do you hope for . Each and every one of them has a strategy. In some case theyre looking fair higher level of recognition, in miramar, where the local Heritage Organization created policies but the government has adopted them yet, and thats really their main be objective. In other cases it is other kind of advocacy, as with venice. We want them ton people around the world care, and in some instances they really need money and Technical Support and we do what we can to provide that. Brown well continue this conversation on line and state some other examples. Thank you, very nice opportunity. Woodruff again, the major developments of the day house and Senate Republicans bargained separately with president obama on ways to raise the debt ceiling and end the shutdown, but there was no agreement yet. And the Nobel Peace Prize went to the organization for the prohibition of chemical weapons the agency thats working to destroy syrias chemical arsenal. Before we go, we share a question posed to Malala Yousafzai by one of our student reporting labs reporters about whats next for the education activist. My question for malalulaa, youre 16 years old. Only four years older than me, and yet you have accomplished so much. So what are your plans for the future . Thank you, rene. It was such a great question, and i think i have made plans for my future from now on, and i think we must start working and we set up the malala foundation, and we will educate girls, and doing work building schools, teachers, training, trying to motivate the parents and children to send their children to school and we want to recognize those girls fighting for their rights. And in the future, when i grow older, much older, i want to do politics and i want to serve my country through politics and i want to help my people and i want to help in education. Woodruff students from around the country also recorded messages for malala. You can find them all on the rundown. And a reminder about some upcoming programs from our pbs colleagues. Gwen is preparing for washington week, which airs later this evening. Heres a preview lots of news developments to discuss tonight tonight. As the Government Shutdown is poised to enter its third week, the Supreme Court returns, and a fed chair steps on deck. Well have those stories and more later tonight on washington week. Judy. Woodruff tomorrows edition of pbs newshour weekend includes a report by William Brangham on uighurs, the ethnic muslim group persecuted in china, caught up in the war in afghanistan, sent to guantanamo and now displaced around the world. Heres an excerpt. Then, right here on monday, the nobel prize in economics and a report on education in pakistan. Im judy woodruff. Have a nice weekend. Thank you and good night. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by moving our economy for 160 years. Bnsf, the engine that connects us. And with the ongoing support of these institutions and foundations. And. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Captioning sponsored by Macneil Lehrer productions captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org  this is nightly Business Report with Tyler Mathisen and susie gharib brought to you in part by. Thestreet. Com. Interactive financial multi media tools for an ever changing financial world. Our dividend stock advisor guides and helps generate income during a period of low interest rates. We are thestreet. Com. Weekend watch, a critical few days ahead for invest tors as washington tries to end the standoff. There is no deal yet. What the markets are doing ahead of mondays opening bell. 2 trillion, thats the hit the nations Retirement Savings could take if no deal is reached the and u. S. Defaults. What can you do to lesson the risk . The Financial Sector makes up a large portion of the u. S. Economy but are the big banks a good place for your investment dollars now