Since 2001, more than 500 bbillion u. S. Dollars have been poured into the country. Another key problem is education. Only around 30 of the Adult Population can read and write. Thats one of the lowest literacy rates worldwide. Women are particularly disadvantaged. Many are married off as young girls and never have the opportunity to go to school or work. Tradition and islam govern everyday life. But there are small opportunities to escape. Correspondent its the final of afghanistans popular talent show afghan star. Throughout the country, fans are cheering on their favorites. Who will be this years winner . The remaining candidates are two outsiders, sayed a barber. He won the hearts of viewers and the jury with some bold rap lyrics. And then theres 18yearold zulala, who until recently had never sung before an audience. In the end the sayed takes home the title. The way he was rapping was all the problems of the society. So he was talking the language of every afghan thats living in this country. So thats why he came up. Correspondent sayeds grand prize was a moped and a short vacation to kazakhstan, an opportunity to leave afghanistan for a week. He comes from the Northern City of mazarisharif. Thats where taliban fighters recently killed dozens in an attack on an army base. The disastrous security situation is one of many problems that sayed rapped about. Despite the problems, i dont want to leave afghanistan for good. My fans are here and i have a mission here. I want to express the pain of my compatriots in my lyrics. Im angry because the government doesnt do anything for the little people. Instead of taking care of the poor, those at the top are fighting for power. Whoever pays the most can be a minister as the country goes to ruin. Correspondent sayed is delighted with his victory, even though he says zulala deserved the honors. She has such a great personality and she comes from a dangerous region. Her courage alone was enough to deserve the victory. Correspondent never before has a woman made it so far on the talent show. But a young woman who sings and does it in public is a major provocation for many afghans. The shows producer is also well aware of such attitudes. He lives dangerously. Last year the taliban attacked his television station, killing seven employees. He says zulala faces a serious threat. If i say right now no theres no risk for her id be lying, because going back to jalalabad, if you go to the city of jalalaba so being a singer performing on a big stage like afghan star is not out of danger. Correspondent jalalabad, in the east of the country, is considered a fundamentalist stronghold. Zulala returned to her home here after the final and quickly went into hiding. She lives with her mother, a widow who encouraged her to take part in the show. But now she refuses all contact with the media. Talking to locals its easy to , understand why. When a woman performs in public like zulala, everyone will hate her. And allah will punish her. The whole show is immoral and should be forbidden. It shows the wrong image of a woman and seduces people. Correspondent this is where zulala normally lives with her mother. But since the final at the end of march, she hasnt been seen. Its said that they went to friends in the countryside and wanted to wait there until the discontent subsided. Even her own relatives turned against her. A cousin appears and gives his opinion. If she continues to sing, well have a family meeting and forbid it. Thats clear. Correspondent hes not impressed by the fact that his cousin has a lot of fans across the country. On the contrary. Her performance brought shame on our family. A woman belongs in the home, nowhere else. In the home or the grave. Correspondent zulala may have no choice but to follow the lead of rapper sayed who moved to the capital kabul. Thats where she spent perhaps the best moments of her life, when sayed handed his trophy to her, the secondplace finisher. It was a symbol of suppressed womens rights. And half the country was moved to tears. The courage she had, the bravery she had, she was really deserving that prize. So i think when mubarez gave her the prize, i was so proud of him. Correspondent a moment like in a fairy tale. But so far without a happy ending. In 2016, human beings pumped more than 36 billion tons of co2 into the air. Despite all the warnings. If this continues, forecasters predict that by the year 2100, the average temperature on earth will have risen by up to 6 degrees. With dramatic results, melting glaciers and polar ice caps and rising sea levels will cause islands and lowlying areas to sink under water. The warming will cause more water to evaporate, leading to heavy rains and storms. In those regions that are already dry, the deserts will become even bigger, like the sahel. Millions of people will be forced to leave uninhabitable areas. Its a horror scenario, and it is becoming reality for many across africa. Correspondent this could be a preview of the effects of climate change. Here on the coast of ghana, sand is engulfing the village of totope. Chief theophilus agbakla was born here. He says it all began about thirty years ago. The sea started coming closer , bringing with it lots of sand. As a child he often helped his , grandfather at his corn mill at this spot. The remains of the roof are still visible. Its now buried by the sea. Now when you put a corn mill here it would rust very fast. Back then there was no effect. But when it started coming. You had to move the whole thing away. Otherwise you lose it. You lose the property. Correspondent the residents of totope put rocks on the roofs of the houses that are still inhabitable. The nails that used to fasten the corrugated sheet metal are corroded. Chief agbakla shows us where the people live. Now they have to crouch down to enter the homes. Despite the changes, nearly 3000 people still live here. The people of totope are predominantly fishermen. Now when you send them there, that means you must find an alternative livelihood for them. That would be maybe farming. Correspondent but the Agricultural Land belongs to others. So the fishermen of totope persevere, even though they can barely live from their work. The sea is dangerous. And the residents say fish stocks off ghanas coast are badly depleted. Life is becoming increasingly difficult. Sometimes the water comes into our houses at night. Then we have to stand up, take our babies and children in our arms and hold them tight. Often until dawn. Sometimes the water even carries our food away. Correspondent the beach at totope is full of trash from far and wide that have washed up on the shore. Each day the garbage continues to pile up. Chief agbakla rarely takes a walk on the beach of his home village, because it makes him too sad. When you see rubbish like this coming from the sea, what it means is that diseases. It will befall the half of the people. They have wishes already, but because of the situation under which they are living, you have seaweed, you have plastics, all coming from the sea. Correspondent chief agbakla is angry at the government. During the last Election Campaign a lot of politicians , came here promising change. But nothing has happened. Barriers have been built to protect other villages along the coast, but not in totope. Three decades ago things looked very different. Before you see the sea, you have to climb a coconut tree, a very tall one, because the sea was about one and a half kilometers away. And you know when the men are going to fishing, the women are going to carry the fish from their home. Correspondent the rainy season finally gives local people a chance to get some fresh water. The encroaching sea means the groundwater is full of salt. The residents collect every drop of rain they can. Its a valuable resource. Totope in ghana, a sobering example of how vulnerable coastal communities are to climate change. And now we leave ghana to head across the atlantic to north america. The u. S is one of the worlds top oilproducing countries. Much of it extracted using the highlycontroversial fracking technique. This involves using a drill to bore into deep layers of oil and gascarrying rock. The boring is done vertically and then horizontally, to exploit as many deposits as possible. The rock is loosened and then a mix of water and chemicals are injected into it under high pressure. The gas or oil is released and pumped up to the surface together with the poisonous fracking fluid. Its a technique that has many opponents in the u. S. The foothills of the Rocky Mountains are home to huge reserves of oil and natural gas. The fracking industry is booming. And thats why colorado is now on the frontline when it comes to protests against the Environmental Policies of president trump. The earth is our mother, well never have another correspondent the leader of this demonstration is still a teenager but Xiuhtezcatl Martinez is already a star in the American Environmental protest movement, which has seen its numbers swell since donald trump came to office. To fight for the things we believe in. I think this is a great demonstration of people power, of what the rest of the 4 years are gonna look like with trump in office. People arent going to stand for the oppression of our government anymore. Correspondent today xiuhtezcatl is leading a march against fracking, a controversial practice that trump wants to see ramped up. Outside the Capitol Building in denver, xiuhtezcatl has a message for the states politicians. They are failing to do their job. They are not protecting peoples safety and health. They are allowing Fracking Companies to go into peoples backyards and schools, near hospitals and drill and extract this fossil fuel in a way that is harming the people of colorado. We are here to say no more. Correspondent you could say xiuhtezcatl has activism in his blood. A quarter century ago his mother tamara founded the activist movement earth guardians. Her son is now a poster child for the group. Xiuhtezcatls father is descended from the aztecs. Thats where his name comes from. The teenagers roots have contributed to his views on life. Well i think because he was raised in these traditions and very connected with the earth, he all the time was in nature and just like i dont know as a little boy remembering him walking through the woods and you could feel he was really connecting in this deep way. And then i think just being aware in our household, how we live our life and our conversations as a family about taking care of the earth and just that combination. And correspondent and that combination has already taken xiuhtezcatl a long way. He became one the youngest people ever to deliver a speech at the united nations, which he has now addressed several times. His very first public appearance as an activist was at the age of six. I just said a prayer in my native language. Im too young to vote, but im making this film because i wanted to try help make a difference. Correspondent before long, xiuhtezcatl was touring the country to promote his cause. And he developed his own way of getting the message across. Rap. But xiuhtezcatls campaign is not just limited to music and protests. Hes also taken legal action. He sued the u. S government for violating his constitutional right to life and freedom by not taking sufficient action against climate change. 21 other young people joined the lawsuit. This is the scene before a hearing at the appeals court. But with cameras not allowed into the courtroom, we have to stay outside for more than an hour. But eventually xiuhtezcatl emerges, and gives us his immediate impression. What the judges care about isnt the stories of the kids being impacted, its not the human element, its not these theyre not faces, the people , being impacted by these issues that the stakeholders in this , problem for them its legal documents, its testimonies. Correspondent xiuhtezcatl then takes us on a tour to show us some of the risks associated with fracking. The process involves drilling down into the earth before a highpressure water mix is directed at the rock to release the gas. Colorado currently has around 55,000 fracking wells including one here in the middle of a residential area and right by a childrens playground. The Health Impacts from this thing arent only if it ignites or if it combusts, whereas any house within a distance of this place of a couple of miles is already being impacted because of all the chemicals that are coming off of it that are entering the air. So any child playing on this playground is breathing this in, us standing right here every breath that we take is filled with volatile organic, cancercausing, endocrinedisrupting chemicals that are entering our system. Correspondent xiuhtezcatls friend and mentor shane tells us about the sign outside. Its just a fancy name for toxic industrial liquid waste. So they change the language so that it looks and sounds ok. A truck comes by, they open the gate and they suck out that toxic water and then they inject it underground somewhere else. Correspondent a Scientific Consensus has yet to be found on the dangers of fracking. There are huge lobbies both for and against, and opinions have become entrenched. But the activists have scored some victories. Fracking is now banned in five communities in colorado after xiuhtezcatl managed to convince local citizens and authorities of its dangers. What makes xiutezcatl a good warrior . Truth and absolute resolution, and him knowing that hes fighting for a purpose higher than himself. Hes fighting for all the footprints of his ancestors and the people of tomorrow. Correspondent right now, the generation of tomorrow waiting on the other side of this curtain. He and his sister isa are making a guest appearance at a workshop for young people. Their rap calls on people to join the fight against environmental pollution. Correspondent their performance is the highlight of the event and their message has clearly been heard. Even though im young i can still make a difference in the world like we are the future and were positive, even though were young and we can stand up for whats right. I think its really cool that hes actually out there doing something about what he believes in. And i just think thats really cool. Correspondent xiuhtezcatl is happy to do an encore. And of course they all want to hear the antifracking rap. And staying with people dedicated to conserving our natural world, its time for our global ideas series. In africa, Electricity Supply is frequently a problem. In rural areas in particular, theres often no access to power. But many people own mobile telephones which need regular charging. In east african rwanda, our reporter Dan Hirschfeld came across a simple but ingenious idea which is creating jobs and protecting our climate. Claudine kamikazi has a precious commodity thats in high demand. She runs a mobile solar kiosk at the central bus station in the rwandan capital, kigali. Correspondent many of the phone users alighting here have been on the road and offline for hours. Claudines kiosk enables them to charge up their phones or surf the net, courtesy of solar power. Business is good, i chose this because its something new. The fact that they always come to me shochoi. Made a good correspondent the mobile solar kiosk is the brainchild of this man, henri nyakandi. The idea was an obous solution to the situation on the ground, he says. 70 of rwandas 11 and half a million inhabitants have a mobile phone. But only 22 have electricity. People spend a whole day here. Theres no plug, if you look around, there is no plug for people to charge. So its a convenient way f people waiting for the bus to charge their phone, pay a small fee and go on their business. Or whether we are in a rural area the convenience stay the same. People dont have time to carry their charger with them, to go to a store and ask somebody, now they can do that. Correspondent its been 4 years since nyakarundi built the very first mobile solar kiosk with the assistance of a german company. There are now 40 spread across rwanda each one managed by independent operators like claudine. A portion of their earnings goes to the inventor. For him, what began as a simple idea has evolved into far more than just a business model. The social impact its very key to our business. Thats what we focus on. So were mostly looking for women, or people with a disability that dont have any job, no other opportunity but want to work. And it also brings a certain, i wouldnt say pride, but selfesteem. Correspondent demand is substantial in rwanda, both for new jobs, and for access to electricity and the internet, which is why Henri Nyakarundi sees huge market potential. By the end of this year he plans to expand his pool of kiosks from 40 to between 600 and 800. He also wants to take his invaluable experience from rwanda and introduce the successful microfranchising model to neighboring uganda, where the majority of the kiosk components are made. Its not just creating jobs though microentrepreneurship. Its building this ecosystem that will support them through that business. So we transport the kiosk to the location for them, which is including all the fees. We give them support on the uniform they wear, they have an app where they sell services. Correspondent the mugombwa area is a threehour drive from kigali. Most people here get around on foot, whether to go shopping, pick up water, or to reach the nearest generator or electric socket. Emannuel gakindi set up business with a solar kiosk three years ago. Its the original edition, with no Internet Access. But people still come flocking wherever he shows up. Now i also have a paid assistant. And i can cover all my expenses from the phonecharging business. Correspondent hes even added a second kiosk. He would also like to provide Internet Access to his customers, which would require one of the new kiosks. Henri nyakarundi is introducing the next generation at the smart africa conference at the Kigali Convention center. It brings together politicians with entrepreneurs, donors and investors, to discuss Technical Solutions for the continent and its people. Henri nyakarundi is happy to see so much interest in his innovation. Our goal for the next ten years is 20 countries in africa. Weve already selected the countries. We estimated 50 to a 100,000 kiosks in all those countries. Thats about 50 to 100,000 microbusinesses well be creating. Correspondent a mobile solar kiosk currently costs more than two thousand dollars. Henri plans to maximize the number of components made in africa lowering the price, and , creating even more jobs. Claudine, the kiosk operator from the bus station, has finished work for the day. Now shes helping her children finish their homework. She can more or less determine her own working hours, and how Much Commission she earns from the sale of phone credits and electricity. I cant afford to stay at home with my kids. I need to have an income. And the job helps me to make ends meet. Its made things a lot easier. Correspondent she earns around 100 a month from the kiosk, which in rwanda amounts to double the average income. Thats all for today. But remember we love hearing from you. 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