What exactly is the president's philosophy of international trade I'm Steve Inskeep And I'm David Greene We'll ask a veteran trade negotiator who was in China when the Trump administration announced a breakthrough in the trade war with Beijing. Also this hour a newspaper investigates what happens to kids who are in foster care but never find a permanent home and then have to leave the system at the age of 18 many end up in prison It's Tuesday December 17th Filipino boxer turned politician many Paki turns 42 years old today. The news is next. Live from n.p.r. News in Washington I'm Corba Coleman the House Rules Committee will vote today on how much time each side in the House will get to debate the articles of impeachment against President Trump a full House vote is set for tomorrow if the historic debate goes long the vote could get pushed to Thursday later today a federal judge will sentence Paul Man affords one time business partner Rick Gaines and b.r.s. Ryan Lucas says Gates was a key witness in former special counsel Robert Muller's Russia investigation gates and man of Fort who were both senior Trump campaign officials were among the 1st people charged as part of Robert Muller's investigation while metaphoric fought the charges Gates struck a plea deal in early $28.00 teen and agreed to cooperate with the government prosecutors say that Gates provided extraordinary assistance he met with investigators more than 50 times he testified for the government in 3 criminal trials including against man a fort his former boss metaphor was convicted in that bank in tax fraud trial and is currently serving a 7 and a half year prison sentence in his own case Gates has asked the court for no prison time just probation in light of his extensive cooperation the government does not oppose Gates' request the decision on how much time if any it spends behind bars rest in the hands of the court Brian Lucas n.p.r. News Washington a new survey shows Americans typically pay $2.00 to $6.00 times more for prescription drugs than people in other countries N.P.R.'s Sidney Lupton has more in the survey examined the prices of 11 drugs in the u.s. And abroad in 2017 Harmonix which cures most hepatitis c. Infection 3 months costs less than $15000.00 a month in Germany in the u.s. It's double that at $31000.00 a drug called embryo which is commonly used to treat auto immune disorders like arthritis cost $6.00 times more in the u.s. Than it doesn't South Africa only one drug kaleidoscope was more expensive in another country in the United Arab Emirates across more than $32000.00 versus just under $24000.00 in the u.s. . The survey was done by the International Federation of health plans which includes health insurers from all over the world Sydney Lumpkin n.p.r. News funeral services are being held this morning in New Jersey for a police officer killed in last week's shooting it was carried out by 2 suspects in Jersey City N.P.R.'s Jeff Brady says the officer was shot to death at a cemetery before the suspects attacked a kosher market killing 3 others detective Joseph seals is being remembered for his work to get guns off the streets of Jersey City a wake was held Monday this morning a procession that will include fellow officers is scheduled from the funeral home to a Catholic church for a funeral Mass a memorial fund set up for seals family has raised more than a half $1000000.00 and P.R.'s Jeff Brady reporting the shooting is being investigated as domestic terrorism on Wall Street the Dow is up nearly 17 points at $28252.00 the Nasdaq is down a point this is n.p.r. . Researchers are combing sites in Tulsa Oklahoma for evidence of mass graves from the city's 1921 race massacre they have identified 2 areas of interest from member station k.w. G.s. Matt Trotter reports Tulsa officials must now decide how to move this investigation forward using ground penetrating radar and other electronic equipment researchers identified anomalies they say are consistent with mass graves at 2 sites the next step would involve excavating those sites to look for remains the teams work did not offer any clues how many bodies might be in the potential graves but historian Scott Ellsworth says as many as 300 black Tulsans were murdered in the 1921 massacre and their bodies were treated as health hazards while the city was under martial law while these burials were happening the family members of these deceased individuals were all you know on your guard at the baseball or convention all along they did not know that their loved ones were dead or they did not know. What was happening in the 1921 massacre white mobs destroyed Tulsa's Greenwood district a prosperous black community known as Black Wall Street for n.p.r. News I'm Matt Trotter in Tulsa Oklahoma the Senate is supposed to vote on legislation today that would prevent local government agencies from sending mistaken warnings of a ballistic missile attack this happened nearly 2 years ago in Hawaii when emergency officials locally released a false alert warning of incoming missiles it triggered panic the federal government would now be responsible for these warnings under the new legislation on Korver Coleman n.p.r. News in Washington. Support for n.p.r. Comes from n.p.r. Stations other contributors include the n.p.r. Shop where visitors can browse Public Radio nerd and n.p.r. Gear at npr dot org and the Arcus Foundation dedicated to the idea that people can live in harmony with one another and the natural world. Support from rustic public radio comes from calling for a centrally located north state sales and service destination for Ford's full and of vehicles including f. Series trucks more than 600 trucks and vans and 200 commercial trucks over a 1000 vehicles told at Corning fork dot com or my phone 824-5434. Support comes from A.T.M.'s alternative energy systems serving North Valley homeowners and businesses with solar installation since 2003 information about controlling your energy usage battery backup options and helping the planet is available out there Chico showroom and on the web at saving energy for Live dot com and support comes from the Chico press care center a division of them nor state radiology offering comprehensive breast imaging services. As part of regular breast cancer screenings no accepting walk in appointments or same day screening mammography information about Chico breast care center and Chico Breast Care dog cause. And here's something today is both national maple syrup day in national right brothers day you'll have to decide for yourself which of those is the most important to celebrate. This is Morning Edition from n.p.r. News good morning I'm David Greene in Culver City California and I'm Steve Inskeep in Washington d.c. a Few lines of a federal spending bill offer meaningful changes in American life for the 1st time in decades the government will fund research on gun violence the federal government will set a new minimum age for using tobacco $21.00 and federal workers get their largest raise in some time N.P.R.'s congressional correspondent Kelsey Snell has been reading through parts of an enormous spending bill which has been agreed upon either Kelsey good morning so what if lawmakers been doing while we've all been focused on impeachment Well they have spent the last several months working out 2 huge spending packages there based on this big spending caps deal that they reached back in July and then they could never figure out how to actually spend the money they agreed to spend so it's taken them all of this time to reach the deal and you know this is a really big it's more than a 1000 pages but if you talk to House Appropriations Committee Chairwoman Nita Lowey She says it's part of the job that she was sent here to do the appropriations committee is charged with one of Congress's most awesome responsibility is the power of the purse I'm proud that we have use that power to make investments that will give every American a better chance at a better life now it's important to remember the House and the Senate still have to pass this and there have been you know difficulties in getting spending bills passed in the past but this was worked out with the White House Treasury secretary Steven the Newton was part of these talks it's kind of an odd job for a treasury secretary to do but he has a good amount of great relationships with Democrats and Republicans did everybody want to have this matter settled heading into an election year perhaps that is a big part of it they also just wanted to have some certainty if you're going to go into impeachment it's probably good to tell the American people that you've got the government running Well let me ask about some of these details the federal government allowing gun research this overturns an effective ban. What became an effective ban since the 1990 s. Yes this is the Democrats were not able to get gun control language in the spending bill but they are getting $25000000.00 for gun violence research and that is a big change and the idea being that as with other public health problems if you had more research maybe you would find more solutions that would be more politically acceptable to more people right that's right and Democrats are touting this as one of the major victories and I spell There's also the matter of the age of tobacco going up to $21.00 both Democrats and Republicans Ok with that this is a very bipartisan bill part of the bill it was negotiated by Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell in negotiations with several Democrats including branch shots of Hawaii and Tim Kaine of Virginia so this is a big bipartisan when can I ask about one other thing Kelsey Snowe you and I in recent years have both benefited because we work for a company that gives some weeks of paid family leave now federal workers get 12 weeks how's that happy yeah this is part of a different very large bill the National Defense Authorization Act It is a massive defense bill that they have to pass every single year but Democrats worked with the White House on this to get paid family leave through they worked with a vodka trump the president's daughter on this it was a major issue for her and let's just figure this out there's already 12 weeks of unpaid family leave there anybody American can claim and now it's 12 weeks of paid family leave for federal workers could that have an influence beyond federal workers that is what the Democrats say is they hope that the federal government is kind of setting a new standard for America and that if the federal government is going to paid leave then private employers will have to follow suit because we are talking about millions of people just the ones working for the federal government Yes absolutely and it is one of those changes that both sides are saying that really makes a big difference in people's lives Kelsey thanks so much thanks N.P.R.'s Kelly snow . So California produces 90 percent of all the wine made in America but historic wildfires devastating droughts and other extreme weather has many in the business struggling with how to adapt to a changing climate as N.P.R.'s Eric Westervelt reports a growing number of vineyard owners in the country's best known wine region are calling for less talk and some more action. On the beautiful Keith Lampe terraces an elegant tasting rooms of Napa and Sonoma the cabernets these days are often paired with talk of extreme weather and a warming earth is a romantic in me always believes that the wine industry is something that is long term at Annapolis the lark Mead vineyards head wine maker damp atrocity shows me around the test plots he's preparing 3 and a half acres of experimental grape varieties from the southern hemisphere and the southern Mediterranean this resurging it is focusing on the great Fridays that we believe will be important to Napa Valley or even to the future of California wine as for thinking about how the climate is changing here over the course of the next couple of decades the idea is to find out which groups do better in drought conditions or in an air of cold or cold snaps in warmer heat waves like me was founded in 1905 and Pataki is not looking to replace its famed cabernet but he'll test for resilience and flavor tryouts you might call it for which grapes will become supporting actors in the finished winds of a near future warmer Napa the test blocks he says are part of a broader long term strategy to try to mitigate climate change how we think about irrigation or Naanee irrigating or how we think about keeping the temperature down not only in the search zone but on the canopies with installing misting systems and shade cloth so we're going to be losing this as an opportunity to test not only new technologies but also the test the finished product in the absence of federal leadership on climate change a growing number of wineries in Napa and Sonoma like lark meter trying to reduce their carbon footprints organic farming solar panels composting instead of burning discarded vines and most wineries in this region are now certified sustainable in the management of their energy water and soil but I'm not sure that's enough we're dealing with. A larger global issue of planets ability. I think in neighboring Sonoma sisters Katie and Julie Jacques. And aren't sure it's enough either and we need to stop talking about the problem we need to actually start implementing and scaling the solutions now Julia and Katie are part owners of one of the world's biggest wine producers Jackson family wines they help run $42.00 wineries around the world from California to South Africa Jackson recently teamed up with another global wine giant Spain's Torres family wines to create international wineries for climate action sitting at a picnic table overlooking the vines at their luck cram a winery he Jackson says the new group's goal is nothing short of radically decarbonising the world's wine industry it's an organization that's asking members to reduce their carbon footprint 50 percent by 2030 and by 80 percent by 2045 We need concrete significant action immediately and also for the mid and long term to join wineries pledged to meet those ambitious goals and show they currently get at least 20 percent of their energy from on site renewables like solar and wind and they have to agree to conduct a thorough carbon emissions inventory audited by a 3rd party every year looking at all aspects of production through delivery Jackson lines has been measuring its carbon footprint for 11 years one of several changes they made after an energy audit they switched to lighter glass bottles cutting their emissions footprint 3 percent and saving on shipping and production costs right through. So far the new global wine climate group only has 6 members change come slow in wine land tradition not transformation is often the eat those it's an industry driven by personality passion individuals who are fierce competitors sometimes averse to working together Katie Jackson says that mindset has to of all we believe that our intelligence together is going to be more powerful and more impactful than any one winery trying to figure this out and go it alone there's another challenge many small wineries can't afford to invest in climate. Billionths such as an annual emissions inventory they're struggling to get the harvest in and survive and maybe spending any extra cash on new generators to adapt to the new normal of rolling power blackouts due to the heightened risk of catastrophic wildfires driven in part by climate change Eric Westervelt n.p.r. News in California is Napa Valley some other news now Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu faces another election next year but 1st he must face his party's primary next week for the 1st time in years someone is challenging him for leadership of the Likud N.P.R.'s Daniel Estrin reports. So you don't Sar is called up to the stage at a hotel in central Israel last night he launched his campaign for leadership of the right wing Likud Party he's a long time member and some consider him more right wing the Benjamin Netanyahu and he's been waiting in the wings for years for this moment he don't start began his stump speech praising the man he wants to replace me I mean that then you know Benjamin Netanyahu he says is one of the most important leaders Israel and the Likud Party have ever had but I thought over to Lucky of. The writing is on the wall that Netanyahu won't win another election he says it's on Yahoo faces corruption charges for allegedly giving favors to media moguls and businessmen in exchange for gifts and glowing press coverage the scandal has paralyzed the country it's led to 2 inconclusive elections and in March there will be a 3rd polls predicts are could get more votes for Likud the Netanyahu and some longtime The Tanya who supporters have abandoned the prime minister likely could lawmaker Sharon has his role in sort of the Torah more at the moment we've had 2 elections and unfortunately we weren't able to form a government we were worried about the forming of the government itself I believe that that is the level of behavior of the other actually building czars supporters say party officials close to Natanya who are tampering with the primary and purging thousands of Likud members on allegations that their left wing infiltrators expected to vote for Sar outside the hotel where SARS supporters gathered to turn Yahoo supporters chanted their traders. On Yahoo is expected to win his party's primaries most senior party leaders still back him but mostly because they're also vying to lead the party one day says Tal Schneider who covers politics for the Israeli newspaper Globes based thinking about the. Next round there is a belief. Official is the key if you are closed for the leader then you will be. The next 3 there Israel heads for a 3rd election and there's a Hebrew expression 3rd time ice cream so Ben and Jerry's local Israeli factory is calling for suggestions for a new ice cream flavor to mark the occasion some have suggested nuts in this nutty political season Daniel Estrin n.p.r. News for you Huda in central Israel. Today all things considered all I want for Christmas is new it's all over the radio again why have there been few Christmas classics since tell your smart speaker to play n.p.r. Or your member station this is n.p.r. News. 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RINGBACK On the next Julie Andrews she has a new memoir about her Hollywood years which began when she was brought to the Disney studios to play Mary Poppins also talk with her daughter theater director and writer Emma Walton Hamilton who co-wrote the book and was born just a few months before and began work on Mary Poppins joining us. Support for n.p.r. Comes from this station and from dual lingo a language app whose mission is to make language learning fun and accessible to the world with lessons in more than 30 languages including French Spanish and Chinese available in the App Store or it dual lin