The budget next on d w. Blood weapons from the us start being used on the battlefield and yet. Our exclusive report reveals how saudi arabia and the United Arab Emirates buy weapons in europe. And hes like them on the front violating International Law such the enduser yemen and the global arms trade. In forty five minutes d w. Closely. Listen carefully. To me. To get. Discovered the. Ilads. Subscribe to the documentary on you tube. Welcome to tomorrow today the science show on d w heres whats coming up in humans colonize the moon or mars theyll have to grow their own Food Scientists are working in antarctica. Secret says protect coasts but the underwater meadows are in decline can an artificial substitute help. And we go to china or
trees are using chris because Nine Hundred Ninety Two genetically modified organisms. Christic has nine is a Gene Editing Technique used to make targeted changes to d. N. A. Its a kind of molecular system that can sniff the plants and cells genes to remove replace selected parts of the. Microbiologist in monterey charpentier codeveloped crisper decipher in the mechanism by which bacteria defend themselves against invading viruses its a groundbreaking discovery that is made crisper a widely used biotechnological method. Now a research and challenging china has sparked outrage with his claim to have made the first anetta key edited babies using crisper. He says the ultimate the genes of two embryos in order to prevent Hiv Infection Scientists in china and around the world condemned the move as irresponsible and unethical but when it comes to
breeding animals and Plants Research and Industry Secrets but as a tool with huge potential. China is going all in with crisper cast Nine Technology for example at the agricultural giant syngenta the firm based in switzerland was acquired by kim china in twenty seventeen. Beijing is head of research at the beijing laboratory Crisper Technology is being used on crops here they could one day end up on Dinner Plates. In china also make a National Strategic priority say or a need to. Be also or want to walk as a leader in this area so china put to us a National Strategic youre proud to say we need to invest think united we need to also develop the technology. Crisper technology is already proving
a revolution in plant breeding a Trend Beijing believes is urgently needed. We only have a limited demand a resource for the whole world is there are there eventually is our people population is growing and await me a lot more food if the new Breeding Technology just help us to breed much better and faster way to get those products to the market the Gene Editing Method could for example be used to prevent Plant Diseases like Powdery Mildew which is common in some wheat varieties. In older Genome Editing approaches a gene from an unaffected weak variety had to be transplanted into a susceptible variety using the new Genome Editing tool only a single gene needs to be snipped out of the susceptible wheat to make it immune to the disease. That finding is the work of gosh
a pioneering plant biologist at the Chinese Academy of sciences. She also studies we. Hear this is our call the noodle this isnt the way. This plant was sex are they using crisper economically and that here is a normal way for plants alike in fact neither one week ago for this part of the of the other you can see i hope you can see that the difference so this on the surface of this the youth and the pounds you couldnt see. A new func aykroyd father here its very clear the piles up by. Quite a Lot Fungi Growing to fend it off all the researchers had to do was switch off one gene the you know this is like a Breakthrough Technology and the this Technology Helps really a lot for basic research if you can. Here this technique is like
a conventional breathing obviously simple reading and. So this technology is a very efficient it cost the last of these very fast. And very precise. The new we could hit supermarkets soon Crisper Technology has been used on other plants as well like to create potatoes that have a longer shelf life or mushrooms that Dont Go Brown as quickly or tomatoes the ripen faster than usual Crisper Technology has enormous potential the technique allows researchers to edit genomes in small but important ways which means changes more closely mimic what might happen in nature. Increase for technology its of are very often you cannot distinguish from a need for me. If i dont tell you its in there what is this because of the. Occur only at a while maybe only one base pair
a nucleus it cannot and then this movie isnt easy either for this nature. Sullys for thought the distinguished. A Crisper Super Wheat could conquer Grocery Shelves without anyone noticing the technology has many upsides but does it pose risks too should the swarm of Genome Editing be given free rein because it more closely mimics Natural Evolution or should it be as strictly regulated as older gene editing approaches. In the European Union a decision on those questions was reached in Mid Twenty Eighteen the European Court of justice and luxembourg ruled that plants ever did with Crisper Technology are still genetically modified organisms and as g. M. O. Theyre subject to strict regulations and the e. U. So in europe at least crisper added it crops wont be planted commercially any
time soon. Allow us to introduce c. Elegans. This tiny round when is a favorite object for me said his it has a simple body plan and its genome has been completely decoded for example it has been shown to have a gene linked to lifespan and aging it turns out that humans have that gene too it seems that much of the way we age is programmed in our d. N. A. But what exactly does aging involve. We all get old. Its inevitable. No amount of moisturizing will help. And why is that. While aging is controlled by Biological Process that. When were young Cell Division or my toe says mostly results in perfect daughter cells genetic material
that is damaged. By radiation for example. Its fixed by d. N. A. Repair mechanisms. But as we get older theres an accumulation of damage caused by oxygen free radicals radiation or errors during my ptosis. Our cells become less efficient. We suffer a loss of organ function. In the heart become weaker our lungs no longer work as well. Liver and Kidney Function also start to decline our main organs that filter waste. So we start to show signs of where one thing leads to another decline in cardiac and Lung Function means our bodies arent adequately supplied with blood and oxygen so they become weaker the downward spiral continues because
we feel we can we exercise less. Its a vicious circle. Regular exercise is one way of delaying the Aging Process. The Immune System is powerless to stop aging it produces fewer Natural Killer Cells these help defend us against viral bacterial and fungal infection. They can even recognize and destroy tumor cells the fewer killer cells we have the greater the risk will fall sick. Auto immune disorders can also a care as we get older. This means our Immune Systems can mistakenly attack and destroy healthy body tissues this can be to remove Toit Arthritis for example. So there we have it. Oh and by the way the brain ages differently. Most neurons the Core Component of the brain cant reproduce so damage through
sound division doesnt occur the biochemical changes do occur such as changes in the levels of new. Transmitters the brain becomes slower in Processing Stimuli but there is good news the knowledge and insight that comes from a lifetime of experience help with complex thought. And surely thats more important than smooth skin. We asked you for your thoughts on aging. Multiple on your says aging is inevitable but what matters is how you face it. Elizabeth vargas describes growing old as a triumphal crown requiring courage and dignity so one day you can say i have loved and been loved and i leave behind a better world. For torres and tell aging is a curse he sees it as a sign that the body is deteriorating. Gonzales frank has
a wish for his old age he says when youre young you foolish and the youth vanishes foolishness doesnt so he wishes for wisdom in his old age. And believes still calls aging the most disagreeable part of life but says that accepting it may make it less unpleasant. In fact theres plenty you can do to stay fit as you age be active and keep up with the latest research on aging heres one exciting project. This go around the world. These researchers are holding a conference via skype half the team is located in hamburg soon aversive the heart center the other in San Francisco three years ago the u. S. Space agency nasa contracted hamburg based heart specialists on your script for to research the Aging Process of the human cardiovascular system. And you think once
you know what to do that we have to look at the Immune System because the Immune System is involved in a cardiovascular Aging Process. Yes here on earth and why do we use the arrow gravity because weightlessness imitates the Aging Process. The team has discovered that the body ages faster in zero gravity the problem is especially obvious in Long Term Missions like scott kellys The American Astronaut spent a year on the International Space station longer than anyone else on his return he was physically incapable of leaving the capsule without assistance it was thought to be a Muscle Problem but furnish that first says thats not quite the case what would you say that i know that even if his leg muscles and everything were still working you still wouldnt be able to climb out because the Blood Vessels especially here in the Carotid Artery Change so much over time he couldnt regulate his Blood Pressure effectively. The researchers who small tubes called tissue chips to
imitate the Human Vascular System by simulating zero gravity with this random Positioning Machine they were able to show evidence of the Aging Process and cell changes. The tests will be replicated on the i assess to try and confirm the results in genuine microgravity. The philosophy of it not that we expect the results to be validated if thats the case then well have a relatively good understanding of how the Aging Process functions as a resi two mechanisms in the process where we think we can intervene and effectively stop it by blocking it. And we hope that will hold Immune System aging of to have. Those two mechanisms remain a closely guarded secret for now but if all goes well then three year Long Missions to mars would become feasible and it would open the door to new medications for
cardiovascular diseases down here on earth. These fruits of the earth that end up on our Dinner Plates can be really tasty. But if we are to leave the earth and move to other planets its high time we thought about what will be easing their. Chances are our diets will feature home grown plants rather than meat. Is it possible that one day you will inhabit the moon or mars and even plant vegetables. That would require water light and some kind of soil moss for example is pretty arid water does exist but mainly in the form of ice then there are high levels of radiation still there are a number of scientific projects that are looking into how plant life could be sustained
in space on one of these all of the initial of my vision is certainly to move towards mars or the moon its clear that we need to expand our resources whether we go for asteroids or planets at some stage well need to move beyond the euros thats the nature of human exploration or. Could be stoops hold the secret for growing plant life on mars or the moon klaus lenska has spent thirty five years working for a company in germany that supports European Space programs although hes a biologist he always wanted to be an astronaut so he combined his two passions and began studying how life could be sustained on other planets one challenge is the aggressive meteorite dust found on the moon which would destroy the plants lens cap believes is the solution so as often as in the the front so if you try to grow plants there are the tiny root hairs that we are all familiar with because if