Transcripts For DW The Day 20190914

The local bendix you know sort of climate protection is a human task as i think it is we must pay this price because otherwise we pay completely different prices to do it would be the politicians really need to act and not only claim to be doing something to try to School Points that are not immediate. Cause theyre coming up us democrats face off in another president ial debate well talk about the candidates agenda to defeat donald trump and if any can take down the leading hopeful joe biden you just said 3 minutes ago that they would have to call you or do you said they would have to rout out a bar you are going to do for getting what you senator out its really. A warm welcome to all of us around the world and on p. B. S. In the United States its great to have you with us we start the day with germanys last ditch attempt to stave off embarrassment on a global stage and little over a week the u. N. Climate action summit brings together signatories to the Paris Climate Accord on. It is there in new york the german chancellor Angela Merkel has vowed to unveil a raft of new measures designed to get germany back on track including billions of euros in investment to clean up the countrys transport system that is if a coalition cant agree until now political infighting has paralyzed her climate cabinet germanys environment minister says that the government should fall if Coalition Parties cannot come up with the goods speaking in Parliament Earlier this week made an appeal for action as a user they mentioned i see it as a challenge for mankind its a question of whether we as industrialized nations are prepared to do something about her fit to print in terms of resources and consumption that industrialized nations are at the forefront of overcoming this footprint as well as stopping or reducing the rise in temperatures she quit into the 2 and stick stop without speaking. Merkels apparent base to be the climate chancellor follows a string of elections in germany and europe which saw a big boost for green issues to fridays feature rallies have been a key part of that sea change and today protesters kept up the pressure on merkel by forming a human chain around the chance were going to demand more action. And across the atlantic the teenager who started the Global Movement play to turn back that the fridays for a future rally in washington taking a protest to the steps of Donald Trumps white house unlike chancellor merkel the u. S. President openly doubts the science of Climate Change and is pushing a fossil fuels agenda e. W. Washington correspondent on a sun it was at the demonstration outside the white house and sent us this. She might not have attracted records of protesters but greater tuber does get attention on her trip to the United States trying to raise awareness for Climate Change in a country where she says that some believe it but others dont well. Little tumor wants to change exactly that and her biggest appearances still lie ahead of her with more protests an invitation to testify before congress and her participation at the Climate Action summit at the United Nations. On of a summit there and joining me here in the studio this evening is noranda shaw is a professor of environment and Climate Policy good evening to you thank you very much for joining us today now we saw. In washington d. C. Today shes the son of the young woman some people have credited with for saying im going to market in fact to you know walk the talk on Climate Policy to what extent had germany dropped the ball on the environment well its absolutely right that germany in the past set really high standards and really was pushing forward on Climate Change but we saw that some of these targets werent being met so in some areas Renewable Energy chairman has really succeeded and now has about 38 percent of its electricity from renewables but on the other hand when you look at the transport sector or if you look at the building sector theres still a lot to be done and the 2020 targets that were set in the past arent being met as you said earlier why not what went wrong for germany well i think part of the problem is that the focus was too much on a single area which was the Electricity Sector and building Wind Turbines and Solar Photovoltaic cells but not enough was being done to expand public transport and particularly to deal with the problem of coal in the system lots of Carbon Dioxide emissions and transport we still have a lot of cars on the road lets pick up on that point because america is called on the private sector now to invest heavily in transport shes admitted that it can lay in task in her own words i mean is that the sense that there was the concern of losing this countrys economic motive do you think and is transport the right area to be reforming now it has to be reformed because its a 3rd of the emissions. It needs to be reformed its a big part of the German Economy maybe 800000. 00 jobs in the the transport sector directly and even more indirectly so its a hard sector to change the conventional engine is actually a job motor and so now moving over to battery cars electric cars or Hydrogen Fuel cars will have required a lot of shifts in the entire chain of production so its a hard shift but it has to be made and if we dont make it we cant expect others to make it either so its a shift that has to be made in transport and of course in cold as well that is another key area and one of merkels Commission Set up said that they would reduce dependence on coal by i mean 2038 im not an expert but that strikes me as a little bit too late its a phase 2 phase out so some of the coal fired power plants will be shut down before then but youre absolutely right 2038 when you see how quickly Global Temperatures are rising 2038 is really very late so lets lets push it up lets make it a lot earlier and that would also help make the 2030 climate targets that are being set a little bit more manageable i mean targets the one thing what about enforcement i mean how do you police this because you only have to take a look at germanys recent economic history folks fog and for example the emissions scandal there how do you go about making sure that people stick to their commitments well something that hasnt been really done enough in the past is to really hold each ministry in each Large Industrial sector accountable for the achievements and to take measures when theyre not meeting their goals step by step to make sure that steps are taken that they do meet them in the future but of course as we know that the actions of industrial powerhouses like germany has International Consequences and ramifications especially for poor countries the world expanding deserts are not a pressing environmental issue a United Nations conference in india has been looking at how to deal with the problem which is threatening Food Supplies in many parts of the world i want to talk about that miranda off to this report from india. One priest seeing looks at the fields in his village tears come to his eyes here and how young they used to grow millet and make a good living from it today the land is bone dry in fact 30 percent of indias land is no longer usable why because of Climate Change and the leeching of fields by intensive agriculture yeah i mean imagine talk to gene years ago our soil was fertile but then there was less and less rain and we had to irrigate. Now the ground water has too Many Minerals in the soil is salty thats why farmers cant grow anything here anymore. Preet singh visits his cousin arrest his family in arrest was a farmer and had taken out a loan for seeds but the harvest never came the bank would no longer accept his dry farmland as collateral then last year interaction committed suicide now his family doesnt know how to make ends meet. You you know that is 95 percent had to give up. Thousands of hectares of land have become infertile many families have met this not just now russias all the farmers in the country are suffering but nobody cares. Every year 10000000 hectares of arable land are lost worldwide this is a global problem this years un conference against desert occasion was attended by more countries than ever before indias Prime Minister Narendra Modi promised that by 2030 his country would make 26000000 hectares of land fertile again other countries want to follow suit and experts say its high time some countries can degrade and it is actually all food that we had to pay to a distant land is the best security of the promise for many communities that dont have access other than land to any land to the addition would mean poverty would mean reducing income for communities would mean the risks of irregular migration. Reforestation irrigation intelligent land use the Global Community wants to reverse the earths desert a fixation by 2030 but this will cost billions. Investing on land means that is floating degraded land preventing further degradation from ecosystems which records topping the bleeding and secondly healing the wounds and now preaching wants to started to certification project in his village he wants farmers to sow an old plant species there should at least be able to get the sol. Out of the soil to make the fields fertile again but it will take here us. Kind of prophecy expert miranda shreyas is still with me here in the studio i mean as we just saw in that report the situation is clearly a kinked in india at times heartbreaking we saw one farmer even take his life in life but what about the situation in europe. Well we have also in europe in recent years seen more and more of big fires we have seen a loss of land weve seen droughts here in germany and germany is a country that in the past was always thought of as a rather wet country so the climate is rapidly changing and were also pursuing agricultural practices here that are very intensive in terms of how they use the land so here too the combination of Climate Change and agricultural practices could lead to more of what were seeing in india in the future if were not careful and i think maybe we also have to year start to think more carefully about how we use our water maybe we also need to think a little bit more if there arent ways to irrigate when we do in more efficient ways and maybe we also have to rethink our entire food structures what we eat how we eat because its all interconnected it is interconnected and people you know often dismiss the fact that ecology and economy also interconnected lets talk about the money then for a minute because all the economic benefits to more responsible land use oh there are so many benefits because exactly what we saw with this this india case if the land has lost the new have lost your productive base you need that that productive land in order to be able to have farms to be able to grow crops in order to develop things so so its really critical that we think of ways to make sure that we protect the land and its also very important for biodiversity if you have a healthy land than you also are more likely to have healthy biodiversity so its a combination of losses that if we dont care for the land them in the end we are really paying a very heavy price caps alluding professor marandi shires from the various school of Public Policy thank you so much for sharing your expertise with us tonight thank you. Goes without saying that we must and will be probably the most dangerous president in the history of this country. For we march to do more we must do more. Well that might just be the one thing that the democratic president ial candidates in of the u. S. Can agree on the party has held its 3rd round of primaries debates in houston as part of the long process to decide who will take on President Donald Trump in the 2020 alexion it was the 1st time that the leading candidates were all on one stage together and it soon became apparent that was stark ideological differences among the contenders these pictures aka a. B. C. News tape for the 1st time in these democratic primaries front runner moderate joe biden faced his 2 main challenges progressives and as opposed to warren and Bernie Sanders in the United States of america we are spending twice as much per capita on health care as the canadians or any other major country on earth this is America Europe or america so want to pay twice as much as other countries and they guarantee health care to all people we all owe a huge debt to president obama who fundamentally transformed health care in america and committed this country to how you write everything. And now the question is how best can we improve on it and i believe the best way we can do that is we make sure that everybody gets covered by health care or support but the debate took place in texas a buddhist state where 2 Mass Shootings have taken place this summer and moaned and i wonder then that alongside Health Care Immigration and gun control dominated that are now some lower polling candidates to come to for your code yes were going to take your your 15 great reporting thank you thank you. Thank. You i will leave change on this issue because i have seen what the carnage creates in communities like mine i think we have to compete for talent and i am the opposite of donald trump in many ways he says build a wall im going to say. Immigrants come to america because if you come here your son or daughter can run for President Committee the top 10 Democratic Candidates took part thursday night twice that number remain in the field the race is still young but if the democrats are to win against President Trump in 2020 they will need to find a clear on such as the question of what exactly the party stands for. Differences. And to take a look at how the field is shaping up the standout issues i want to bring in tyson boxer now fellow at the Truman National security project. Good to see you tyson to be here now the stage is getting a little bit less cottage shrinking its getting a bit more serious does that change the debate i mean i think that there were some clarity there was some clarification particularly around you know the progressives versus the moderates on health care and you know this is really the issue that is symbolic is frayed symbolism for so Many Democrats because of as we saw in the Midterm Elections and 2018 what really was the motivating factor for people to come out to vote number one issue was health care right people felt that they health care was under threat that obamacare was under threat the threat persists they see Rising Health care costs this can bankrupt families this is really a Major Economic issue so drawing those kind of ideological contrasts here is really where were seeing real real play out here vision as well as in the Democratic Party indeed i mean it was a marathon of a debate 3 hours talking about health but also other issues like guns race education as well and i sort of wonder what that says about where the country needs to go because you know you presume that the candidates are trying to. The voters concerns right well i mean clearly what the lets be honest what theyre trying to do is answer democrats concern and a lot of these issues that you just mentioned Health Care Education Justice Social justice generational justice are all somewhat proxies for Economic Issues so people what theyre doing is saying what are our anxieties what kind of social anxieties are we bringing to our relationship with our state and with each other and those are a lot of Economic Issues but nobody really sticks which trade on and talk about the economy itself and that is really donald trump strengths so to miss talking about the economy and how its not working for everyone is probably a price youre not its a blind spot and there are actually candidates clearly Elizabeth Warren and bernie sent. Theres who have tended to make this the kind of ideological fault line between the democrats and republicans in previous elections so well probably see that come up in future debates i want to touch a little bit more on the ideological fault line then again of healthcare them because it certainly i mean spock the face this clash is right i mean lets take a listen to an exchange between Bernie Sanders and joe biden on the issue and then i want to get your take on it or. In the United States of america we are spending twice as much per capita on health care as the canadians or any other major country on earth this American Girl but americans dont want to pay twice as much as other countries so that were told there from joe biden was interesting this is america i wonder if you think that will go to theas and do you think that health care could actually become essential vote to issue in a way for example that it has in european elections i think it will undoubtedly be a central issue i mean anybody who remembers the primary the inspirational primary that the world watched in 20072008 where you had barack obama versus Hillary Clinton the central issue in that primary was also health care again it was the 1st issue that president obama took on as his real issue that he built his presidency around so this is really an issue that the democrats are really taking on but you know this is this comes down to a really complex matter because the United States plays not just a role internally but globally as a leader in a lot of Health Care Research funding that research creating markets for drugs and other systems good good medical systems and hospitals so this is its really its really quite complex it is complex i want to turn to another issue which i think you know we can also call a Public Health issue and that is gun control because iraq i mean it seems that hes been revived in the polls at least by his statements in the wake of the el paso shooting he advocated we saw on the stage for a site Assault Rifle by back to the government do you think that will play out well for him in the long term well what were seeing obviously is what his strengths were in texas in the in the Midterm Election which is that he is in the cream extremely in path a communicator and candidate he really connected with the the citizens of el paso his hometown obviously but you know what he said essentially you know about this 4th buy back is going to be its more than a dog whistle. Its a siren call to those who want to protect gun rights and this could also hurt democrats in the long term this could be quite cover productive and all these issues to bring down trump essentially i mean is that what is needed. Were still early in the phases i mean clearly the pitch that these candidates are making are really to the Democratic Base and theyre trying to give them the red meat that the republicans got in their primary campaign in 2016 the question is will they follow the conventional path and take more to the center as the general election comes to play or will they continue to really really focus on energizing their base maybe there are no swing voters the more maybe this is just about get turning out your base thats what trumps made his play on will the democrats i mean whats your sense tyson in terms of the nominee do you think it will be biden and his support to take down of trump that could then school the nomination or do you think that ultimately people will go for more issues based more and for example if were to take a lesson from yesterdays debate and if there is it was a winner a lot of people are saying it was biden what he did was basically consolidate his persona which is to say you know he hugged the obama legacy very tightly and he basically let off of or leaned on his watch that he had built up as a 30 year legislature and politician in the Democratic Party for the coalition that hes built so far he knows hes already lost certain constituencies the progressives some of the educated white urban elites but he said if i can keep my constituency together thats enough to win the nomination or anything you saw last night that potentially would change the trajectory of this race i mean it was some interesting comments from i suppose younger candidates out there was it ana i mean obviously there was some some hot aggressive action by some 2nd tier candidates particularly in castro her who critiqued who made what was considered to be a cheap shot by many regarding oh by my dads age and what he said you know essentially if he could remember what he had just previously but that was it seemed to kind of turn against him so i think biden kind of held his own in that right tyson box thank you very much for sharing your thoughts with us here on the day thank you. Now the dispute over the final resting place of zimbabwes former president Robert Mugabe appears to have been resolved a spokesman for the family says that they have agreed to allow him to be buried at the monument to National Heroes in harare family and government had been adults over this with the family previously saying it wanted to bury him in his home village mr mugabe is currently lying in state at the roof are a football stadium in this about bain capital. And correspondent privileged mission harry is that and sent us this update the controversy surrounding the final resting place of the former leader of the robot has finally been resolved youll now be buried at the National Shrine in harare on sunday is better our arrangements with a center of discussion in the past a few days where the family insisted that they wanted a private ceremony in this rural home while the government wanted him to be buried at the National Heroes eka where most of the founding leaders of independent zimbabwe are buried hundreds of mourners continue to throng there to federal stadium in harada to pay their last respects at this place it is iconic in the sense that this is the place where Robert Mugabe was sworn in as the 1st black Prime Minister of independent zimbabwe in 1080 he lives a complex legacy where some view him is upon african east in the liberator we liberated zimbabwe from the shit cause of colonialism while others take him as a dictator who presided over the decay of zimbabwe and economy and also bear the human rights record but out mutely he remains one of the Founding Fathers of independent zimbabwe. Privilege was fun here reporting there from harare. The announcement all over this years official nobel prize is austen a month away but in the meantime some lucky one is already clutching it can about awards which were hunted out this week at Harvard University or less will be on your contest celebrates ridiculous sides honoring achievements that 1st make people laugh and then make them think now the prize for medicine went to evidence showing that pizza can protect against illness and death but only if the pizza is made and eaten in italy apparently an italian scientist came up with that one on buying it the price for psychology went to a German Research a huge deep bank his own theory holding a pen in your mouth makes you happy he has now proved that it does not and accepting the prize for economics a dutch team who looked at which nations bank notes better transmitting diseases if youre wondering its romanias currency when asked about how to counter the problem they simply advise people to use their credit cards. Well other winning projects included magnetised call croces and cube shaped one but excrement from all of us thank you science well the day isnt my style but the conversation was continues online to find us on twitter either at the w. Or follow me at how to not see humphrey remember to use the hash tag of the day and of course thanks for choosing to spend part of your day with us. This is like. The food. This music shop near enough. To feel. Safe. To come to the right place. With our superhero. My mission is clear. And culturally should explore germany. Take diving. Everything out there is 0. A lot going on in. Germany tried and tested. Stupid d. W. Letter we were. When we were. 80 percent of americans at some point in our lives will experience hardship listen. To. Finds its. And follow the adventures of the famous naturalist and explorer. To some the racial politics on the phone while its 250th birthday where embarking on a voyage of discovery. Expedition voyage on t. W. 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