And more all encompassing. This creates dependencies and risks in her book error for all 4 spanish science journalists, esther pony onqua deals with a sperry topic. Everything is connected to the internet and that miss shots, that means hospitals that mean every sort of Public Administration and government and services. Every company, me the yeah, of course media companies. Everything is connected. So the longer it less they the great they are or the more serious and they impact will be. And im, were not prepared for that. The World Wide Web was developed in the late 19 eighties, primarily to enable communication between universities. Back then Online Shopping and video streaming were still things up a distant future. But the internet quickly spread to other areas of law. He was now created for support in all of the companies and processes. All of the corners are happening in all of the Critical Infrastructures and government services. Everything is going on and that it wasnt created for that. Is the internet really endanger for esther penny on glock, its just a matter of time before the World Wide Web collapses. We have a very many examples. It hasnt happened affect global scale, but it has happen at the massive scale. So equal happen at the global scale to morrow in 5 years, in 10 years, or never. Are we really at risk of a Global Internet blackout . Well, lets take a closer look at this. Its true, the internet was not developed for his current use. Still, its infrastructure is pretty robust. So gaeta abdur, jody research has internet resilience at the university of california, an oven, in her opinion, a global blackout, whether you to technical issues or Cyber Attacks is not that likely. And perhaps surprisingly, she says thats because of the old structure of the internet. A lot of the old general design was really good. Thats why in easton, how nearly the same architecture today. After 30 years since theyre interacting, pasco was laid down in late eightys, early ninetys. Youve never had a global outpatient. Weve had Certain Services going out certain parts of the network. Oh, fame, but not a really global. Its one advantage of the architecture. The internet isnt actually one giant network. The internet has a decentralized digital infrastructure. Its composed of multiple smaller networks, so called autonomous systems, which each control a small part of the internet and are connected through nodal points. If one or even more of these Autonomy Systems breaks down, the internet still remains stable. Due to its distribution, im decent lice nature, internet infrastructure. Pretty tracy. You know the protocol steps constant, the back end of things let have oh count. Can wish to a little bit bots and utilize the existing rustic joe on the a are left at infrastructure during gates. A gazes of lots k fia protocols, regulate data exchange. But they are vulnerable, like the Domain Name System or deanus, which works like a telephone book for the internet. It connects domain names like google, dot com with the corresponding servers ip address to ensure that user requests are forwarded to the correct server. The border gateway protocol or bgp can also be vulnerable as the internet navigation system. It regulates data traffic and ensures that data packets take the best route through the web. Bd be is the protocol that gives us a routes on the internet. Its possible for malicious, thus to advertise a rope on on the a b to beat a network. Oh, which directs you to a false dropped the possible consequences. Users might not be able to reach certain websites or get directed to fake sites where hackers can access their data. Since protocols are also di, centrally organized, its unlikely that a bgp attack would lead to the internet breaking down entirely. By the way, facebook had a huge b g p problem. In october 2021 for 6 hours. The Companys Services were down. The reason behind this request were not routed to the correct servers, a technical era, not the cyber tech. Nevertheless, it makes one thing very clear. The internet might be pretty resilient to malfunctions due to its d centralized infrastructure, but the websites and services we use on not which can be risky. Big Tech Companies also play an Important Role in the background. When were online to facebook as down, you wont be able to log into other websites using your facebook account either. In december of 2020 lots of google apps and services went down for about 45 minutes. Connected devices like lamps and smoke detectors, also started malfunctioning with the growing number of inner connected devices within the so called internet of things. This will become more of a problem. Alexander, look the front door. But lets take a step back. What about in the ness, hardware or physical infrastructure . Today about 95 percent of International Data traffic runs through submarine cables. They connect continents and islands and they are the reason why this Internet Access in remote places like spoil bought in the arctic ocean. What happens when these cables are damaged or destroyed . Oh submarine cables are essential for world one access to the internet. Some regions are dependent on a single cable, and these can be vulnerable to Natural Disasters recently and don got so maybe want cannot option costa for many gibberish option. Still a lot of human man naturally packed us in cost. Ah, somebody gave a fee. Yes. And its very difficult to repair them. You actually need to send out the ship far out into the ocean. Do 1st. Oh, kind of be thick. Oh, that the font is located and it pulls the cable out and then do gay, some part of it. And they drop it back into the ocean, and this can take base 2 weeks, sometimes sandita abdur. Jodi is also researching another Natural Disaster that could potentially disrupt all the submarine cables on earth at once solar superstore animals. So last storm is i diane, the emission of electric and magnetic particles from the sun. And these are highly directional. So when we look, isnt the path offer ready locked stone . Ah, this, the magnetic particles from the sun can interact with the la monica creek and the skin brute comfort, already long conduct, does on apart from power supply lines. This would also affect underwater cables. But the greatest threat to the internet at the moment are Cyber Attacks. Take the one ukraine, for instance. Digital warfare was used right from the start with the help of countless boards. Russian hack as i said, to have taken down Ukrainian Government websites. And the ukranian Cyber Defense also claims that that countries power supply was attacked in recent years. Cyber attacks have increased around the world. Ransomware techs are the most popular form here. Hackers take down Computer Networks using Encryption Software and demand money for decrypting them. Again, its a big threat, especially when it comes to a Critical Infrastructure. August 2020 to the cyber attack. Its a hospital near paris and france. Digital patient coils and Hospital Software cannot be accessed only emergencies can be attended to. July 2021. Hackers manipulate a Software Update by an american i t provider casea. 1500 Companies Worldwide are affected in sweden. Hundreds of co op supermarkets have to close as or to systems break down. May 2021. A cyber attack on u. S. Company, Colonial Pipeline leads to gasoline shortages and parts of the u. S. Effecting around 50000000 people in major airports. A multimillion dollar ransom is needed to restore the gasoline supply. May 2017, the malware one a cry encrypts user data on computers across 150 countries leading to multiple breakdowns of infrastructure. The spanish company, telephonic, a, german rail, and french car manufacturer renaud are all affected. U. S. Companies. Cyber security ventures predicts that Cyber Attacks will lead to global damages with around 7 trillion u as dollars in 2022. For most countries, thats more than that g. D, p, leaving financial demons aside. Cyber attacks can also be life threatening. Most parts of the Critical Infrastructure simply arent adequately protected. How come and what can we do to attain this . Ah, according to experts, the main reason for weak spots is outdated Security Systems used by companies. This makes them vulnerable. A lot of Critical Infrastructure is less mitchell, its not necessarily big multi nationals. It might be local or regional providers. Its those that are often the most vulnerable as the not able to invest in security in the same way as large scale providers. And that means its likely that a great number of different types of hacker groups or threats might be able to target them to increase protection against Cyber Attacks. These weak spots need to be found and Security Systems need to be updated regularly. Its also important to detect hacks and malware quickly and to react accordingly, so called ethical hackers can assist in finding weak spots with their know how they can help protect Critical Infrastructure. We should also remember that we will have a in see as part of organizations actually improve security. And as a lot we can do it. We should feel really empowered by that expert across the globe. Agree that Cyber Attacks on sensitive areas of public life are a real threat, especially considering the Current International political situation and more needs to be done to protect these areas. Still, a complete breakdown of the internet, whether through hackers or other factors is rather unlikely. Whats your view on this . Are you concerned about internet and infrastructure breakdowns . Let us know and youtube, or d, w dot com, bye for now. Ah, [000 00 00;00] a bus one. Mm. Thats why we listen to their stories. Reporter every weekend on d w. I. When you work as an architect, like go all in or not at all. Women in architecture. Why are they so invisible to the larger publisher . We decided to ask them and for women go up with an inefficient model. If they cant identify with certain professions about their Guiding Principles versus what is the poetry, the secret of a house . And im house about their motivations. I can fax you guys so much to you. It moves you. The real goal of architecture is to create habitat for human about their struggles and dreams cannot. Sponsibility is huge. They have so much to lose shattering the Glass Ceiling women in architecture. Does this have to