The berlin wall construction on and started on august, 13th of 1961. Thats exactly 60 years ago. Thats why this time im in berlin, even though the wall has now been consigned to history, there are still remnants of its scattered around town. Today ill show you where to find them and the stories they tell. Ah, we zip around the city and styled on an eat scooter. I will also take a virtual journey through time and discover a tunnel dug to help people escape east germany. Ah. For 28 years, the wall divided berlin. It kept families and friends apart and brought great suffering upon the people. There was heavy surveillance and many escape attempts from east to west and tragically there were 8 Border Crossings between east and west berlin. One of them was this one buddha book. On november 9th of 1989. The day the wall came down. This quarter crossing at Bonham Estrada was the 1st to open and the news spread like wild fire in just one hour. 20000 people crossed from east berlin to the west. Legally, that is and to this day, this is one of the greatest moments in darwin. History. With this commemorative stone was built out of an original piece of the wall. And the wall trail has thoroughly transformed the area to day. This is a paradise for cyclists. 3rd nature lovers, but until 1989. This was the death to strip a no mans land between east and west berlin. The wall was 155 kilometers long and enclosed west berlin. So ive got a lot to cover, but i wont be doing it on foot. You can find these kinds of scooters on every corner nowadays. You just need an app. And off we go. Ah, my 1st stop is brandenburg gate. Its definitely berlins most famous monument and a symbol for freedom. During the cold war, it was right behind the border in the soviet sector of the city. Buddies up lots is to day a popular spot for tourists around the world. But back in the day it was off limits to the public its difficult to imagine, but up until 32 years ago, there were surveillance towers and tank traps. Here with an app called mal a are, you can see exactly where the wall used to run. I just, one day later, a 1st wall was built in a company as a 2 decades of decision like ah, or moving on to pop up a lively transportation hub with skyscrapers, hotels, Office Buildings and restaurants when germany was divided. This was actually the broadest stretch of the death strip. Almost all buildings and the militarized zone were torn down. And here too, you can find remnants of the wall. And this is, are you. We the most famous remaining part of the berlin wall, the east side gallery, and the longest 1. 3 kilometer is run along the reverse plate. After the walking down 118 artists from 21 countries painted the eastern side of the wall, the most famous words are the tub buns grasping through the wall and the fraternal kiss. Between leona blacksmith and electronica not far from here, the oba bound bridge crosses displayed back in the day and was the only way to get from crowds berg in the west. The phoenix time in the east. But lets back up or for a 2nd and go back to the beginning. Why was the berlin wall built in the 1st place thats catching caught up . Ah, in europe, the 2nd world war ended with the defeat of nazi germany in 1945 at the sicilian hope Country House on august 1st 1945. The allied powers signed the potsdam agreement. In it, they split germany into for occupation zones. Yet soon, differences emerged between the allies. The british, french, and american sounds became democratic. While the soviet zone turned into a separate state, east germany the german capital berlin was also divided into sectors and lay like an island in the middle of east german territory. But as to many of its citizens were plain to west berlin, east germany decided to strengthen its borders. On august, 13th, 1961. Construction of the berlin wall began. It was designed to keep the east germans from leaving their country. Yet it was the west berliners who found themselves walled in on all sides. But the allies demonstrated their solidarity, including then u. S. President , john f. Kennedy and the world of freedom. The broadest bows do ish b. Im really, ah, though it remained a symbolic gesture, as the allies tacitly accepted the wall. Over the years, it was strengthened and came to symbolize what looked to be germanys eternal division. A situation that lasted for 28 years until Peaceful Demonstrations led to the collapse of the communist system and the fall of the wall on november 1989. Ah ah. Next stop checkpoint charlie the most famous Border Crossing here. I mean, susanna, mula of the berlin wall memorial and kind of an emergency this page. Or you can see how huge this quadrant crossing was. It stretched over 2 locks on, had various truck and station ask you get the allies, guard house always retained its provisional form, light, frame, construction made from lord or later, a metal container. Lots of symbolism and lots of irony. The only thing remaining here to day is a replica of this provisional allied control. Both the g d r is massive. Border complex is long gone. Had lined lin checkpoint charlie, so famous wine has everybody who comes to berlin heard of it written come to sequentially, eventually became famous due to an event that took place here 60 years ago in october 1961 american and silvia tearing spiced off year during the hottest phase of the cold, or those images went around the world, give and made this place famous. And that fame has lasted to this day. Even get the other are a lot of tourists around. Its a huge attraction. Its named in every berlin guide. But there are critical voices to alleging that it has become a sort of disneyland that it had little to do with the history of the place in how do you feel about that caddy just or the snack bars. And so the near shops we see here are the downside of the big draw. This place has on tourist. Luckily, there are also attractions dealing with its history. So an open air gallery on a construction fence also on the black box, cold war exhibition of us. And i though they were all designed as temporary attractions until there was something permanent. But this temporary state has lasted 10 years. So something really must happen here. Now buffy did send, are there any plans that you believe are aiming in the right direction to go . They still wouldnt like once i would under the whole of that plan has been approval plans. This plan stipulate isnt they should bill to open . I base is i feel and that one can be used to construct a museum, but there are plenty of museums immersive experiences and the exhibitions on the wall to be discovered around berlin. Here are a couple of ideas. So get your note pads out and start planning your next trip to the city of alma, describe co, a mini submarine with a bicycle poet engine and a homemade hall table. In the ingenious devices, people used to escape east germany. A ronald display of the wool museum of checkpoint, charlie are just a stones throw away. Is the assisi panorama. A bull here. People can get a glimpse into what life was like in the shadow of the best written in his 900 square meter, 360 degree panorama. Altogether ga cc depicts, was divided. Berlin looked like on a gray november day in the 1980s ive experienced most everything you see here. I didnt need to research and it was all in my head, commits the rundown gray building facade. There are many details just waiting to be discovered. Shop norfolk i still have goose funds. This is what ive just seen. Defies imagination. I mean ive seen d images on t v. I hear youre as the heart of it, youre in it, but i must say its fascinating. Hacienda, the palace of tears was the name given to the former Border Crossing at berlins frederick straw station. Here, east germans said good bye to loved ones who were returning to the west, or leaving the g deal for good. The tears that were shed gave the place its name. Personal stories are at the heart of the exhibition shown here. Meanwhile, the German Spy Museum in berlin. Lets visitors slip into the shadowy world of the secret services. From both east and west. To hospital tourists come to berlin due to its history, and especially during the cold war, espionage played a major role in this by capital. And course of all along with the methods employed by secret agents during the cold war. Museum visitors also learn about the past, present, and future of intelligence. Even touching on cyprus by with the allied museum, focuses on the western powers who have present in berlin for close to 50 years. Old highlights include a british transport aircraft used in the berlin airlift. And the restored berlin spy tunnel ah, there are tons of opportunities to find out more about the wall. Ive decided to check out a virtual journey in time. The Art Technology will take me back to 19 eighties for lead. Time right is structured in 4 parts. First you get a quick introduction in the lobby, then you get to peak through the wall and get a glimpse of life on both sides. Next to each other, but worlds apart. Ah, life in east berlin, the east german capitol. Its the calling card for german socialism. Life in west berlin, an island within east germany, enclosed by a wall in the next room. These huge passports dive deeper into the different experiences people had at the time. Yeah, thats my sound from west berlin. You can choose between 3 characters. One of them will let you see the following tour through their eyes. Mid me mood. You like to time trouble with . Sure thing. Ill take the rebellious west Berliner Michelle in the other regime. Huh. So i put on a v. R had said and traveled back into the past the virtual bugs, it takes us across checkpoint, charlie into east berlin. We drive along free lease plaza and end our journey at the seat of the east german parliament. The building was demolished in 2635000 tons of the structural steel were recycled. In the construction of 2 binds burst khalifa. This really goes to show that the berlin wall was so much more than just a wall. It was a 4 trips, dividing 2 realities that cut through the heart of the city like a knife and that is still very apparent at the berlin wall, memorial and banjo, estrada ah, located in the heart of the capitol. The berlin wall memorial is the main place. Of remembrance of germanys former division the construction of the wall devastated the lives of many and left its mark on there. Now i strasser traces of which are still visible to day. Here you can see the last remaining section of the border installations in it, spatial depth, complete with the wall, watch tower, and death strip and open air exhibition informs people about the history of a divided germany using ban. I washed asa as an example. The memorial site includes the chapel of reconciliation. It was built on the foundations of the church of reconciliation, which was blown up by east German Authorities in 1985 at the wall memorials Documentation Center visitors can learn about the political and historical events that led to the building of a wall. Its eventual fall and german reunification learn from the viewing platform. He can also get a good overview of this site itself. Ban o as joseph saw plenty of escape attempts, the group belly, not one tibetan or berlin underworld organizes thematic tourists. The ban allister also on both sides. Walter were entirely in the french sector under but the border run along the edge of the building. What is the Property Line on the wall went up on august 13 on the east German Police came and locked the bill. Doors from the inside and was a residence could only enter their property with apologies behind them, the wooden inflamed regional coils west berlin was so close in, but suddenly unreachable, the resulting desperation, but many to jump out of their windows. The escape of 77 year old fleet i should say was especially dramatic dogs in the um, your was darzy broke down her door when when she wanted to jump out with. I tried to pull her back in to her flat about that these 2 students down below, valiantly jumped up, grabbed her legs and pulled to, she fell into the life net of the burning fire department. Through the basement of an old brewery, we reached the reconstruction of a very elaborate escape tunnel. They had fresh air supply electricity cables and phone lines. This little card allowed the tunnel builders to bring out the debris. With the help of the escape facilitators from back in the day, the people here also tried building a tunnel themselves of around 70 projects. Only 19 were successful. This is really impressive. And just imagining that you had people crossing with all their belongings and a child or their children is really incredible. So most tunnels led from west to east and ran as deep as possible. So the communist intelligence wouldnt be able to detect them with their acoustic tracking devices. What did people do with a degree . It must have been hard to hide as life. A 2nd of the earth had to be stored in the cellar where they did the digging on. What were a 1st large cellar . It was a pillow. Were in the end, just narrow pathways, mileage they dumped the earth behind wooden walls which reached the ceiling. It was a real katelyn mouse game between which darcy border gotten the escape l at us. Sometimes one side one, sometimes the other one. But not all the tunnels here are replicas along the lines of thoughts. The original the skate tunnel ira if you were cod trying to flee the g d r. There were 2 possible scenarios. An a you were shot by Border Patrol or b. You were incarcerated until 1989. Some. 11000 people were remanded to berlins notorious horn. Sure. Hows imprison . Ah. Berlin owen shone. Hows him . To day the form of prisons is a memorial soon. As he says, come to lot 47 years ago. Edition hats, south time here as a political prisoner to me. This name as i was here for almost half a year. And i was as a year and 2 and a half years at horner, enjoy back in the or mountains and in what was back then. His germanys worst womens prison in 1974 shone hands was an east german t. V star. Would it be the show . Will examine how the working class is adapting to its growing leadership role based on 2 stories. But the face of east german tv didnt believe in the communist parties. Ideas while on holiday in budapest edition, had visited the west. German embassy made inquiries about emigrating and was arrested malleck. My children were 11. 12 for 5 months. I didnt know what had happened to them and the stars he wasnt obliged to tell me, housed at a former prison cam operated by the soviet secret police horn shown housman was the shars, his main pre trial detention center, from 1951 to 1999 after the war went up, most of those held here. What people who try to lead east germany like edition house to day, she leads tall groups through the memorial. She shows them the unassuming delivery van in which she, too, was brought here disguised as a bakery van. Its interior contained 5 prism sounds. While in the 19 sixtys physical torture was no longer employed, the stars he had other ways of tormenting its victims, including isolation and degradation. Auntie and her, heres number 104 law. That was my cell. While you were sitting there brooding, contemplating, or crying, the flap would fly open and some one would scream into it. This isnt a sanatorium sit down on the stool, but dont lean just a taste. A day has 24 hours and i was allowed to spend from 10 at night till 6 in the morning lying in bed. The rest of the time might sit on the stool or pace back and forth. When i wasnt being interrogated. Edition herbs was sentenced to 3 years in jail. And after that, it took another 2 years before she was allowed to leave these germany, the stars he left an indelible mark on her life. But she refused to become their victim. Isnt it . I have no anger or hayden me, because then theyd have achieved what they wanted to destroy my life and even such dirt. So i never let that happen. Later in the western eddition house resumed her career hosting shows on bavarian tv. The wall has not only scarred berliners, it has of course also left its marks in the city scape, often only a line of 2 cobblestone serves as a reminder of the border that used to divide the city. But at mala park the true extent of the death strip becomes apparent. Here im meaning Chris Charlesworth back in the eightys. She lived in west berlin. She moved back to her native u. K. And returned to berlin in 2013. Now shes part of the friends of mallet park association. What makes this place . Mallow park, so specialty. It was the transformation thats happened here. Its artistic. Its incredible. A, you know, this, that germans called it the death stretch. It was the space between the 2 rolls between those to wolf was everything about death. It was an old attack, dogs and armed guards patrolling. And it was about keeping people apart. It was, it was just awful. The 1st time i came in to his place, i just, i couldnt believe it, or i didnt actually realize it had been landscaped into a park. I was just amazed, saw instantly and started to research about, is there anybody who takes care of the place while this the place and i found offensive . Oh park. What do the friends of mouth park do we try and look after noticed trees for me . We looked up the trees as well to some extent of the playground season, but we also to preserve the spirit of the place, and that excites me so much to fight it. This place is now over saying that it wasnt before. And instead of being about separating people, keeping them apart about death, its about bringing people together. Its about life and i just looked up. And as you can see, that feeling is shared by many others. For 28 years, the wall divided the city in berlin, germany and the entire world. This period of time will never be forgotten. And it shouldnt be because remembering its crucial to keep the past from repeating itself. So if you ever happen to find yourself in berlin, make sure to take some time to explore the history of the wall and then a little deeper into berlins fascinating history. We only just started scratching the surface the next time somewhere in germany. Ah ah ah ah ah ah, with ah, with india oh, brimming with ambition and inequality 75 years ago Mahatma Gandhi peacefully led the country to independence. What is left of his vision with gandhis legacy . Coming up on d, w and some are driven by merciless korean others facing the destruction of unit one meters claim to preserve, shut down the next to me, the government is trying to destroy the Indigenous People with carrie bertot of edge project land grabbers are exploiting the amazon rain forest, Indigenous Peoples are now briefly opposing them. The heart of brazil in 75 minutes