most historians focus their or inion on virginia terms of the seaport in charleston. wilmington played an incredibly important role during the war. not many people know about fort anderson. they hear about the forts guarding wilmington during the civil war, to hear about fort fisher and understandably so. the site of the two largest naval bombardments of the war, the largest amphibian operation in american history up until world war ii. we have this great earthen fort that is very important in guarding the city. we are here at the historic site of the national trust for historic preservation. the draytons were an important south carolina family. they play critical roles in the formation and development of the colony of south carolina. and in the formation of the nation itself. in fact, if you follow their trajectory through the 19th century, you will see the different descendents came apart as well. the family allows us to follow both the birth and development of the carolina colony, the birth and development of the nation, and the fracturing of the nation during the civil war. and its coming together. concurrent with the drayton family were african-american families who are here. this was a plantation. there was an enslaved community here of african-americans. in fact the landscape we see around us was shaped by the hands and minds of african-americans, as well as the house behind me as well. straight hall is remarkable restoredather than the to a particular period, as with monticello or mount vernon, for being reconstructed to a , it is saideriod the philosophy of the national trust for historic preservation would acquire drayton hall was to preserve or stabilize the site rather than to take it to one particular moment in time. as a result we see a timeline of history rather than a time capsule. we don't see this as a working plantation as it had been in the 18th and 19th centuries. we don't see slave quarters of the blacksmith shop. they were part and parcel of plantation life. the floor plan of the house is laid out in a fashion that was thended to demonstrate wealth and status and sophistication of its owners, john drayton. as you go through the house and you look at specific features in the great hall the mantle and from thele are derived book. as you go to the house you will see these overlays of culture. you will see what work that is original. to 1742. usc original ceilings -- you will see original ceilings that are hand sculpted. paintings of the 1880's. some of the rooms have only the third or fourth coat of paint on the walls. you'll see the second floor great hall, a room that illustrates the rise and fall of white plantation society. elegant,see the original woodwork of the 18th century. a mantle and over mantle. very stylish in the 18th century. above woodensee boards for serving as a ceiling. during the civil war water got into the house and all the elegant ceilings had collapsed. had lost mostn's of their money. they managed to recoup a fortune of their money through the phosphate andium then make repairs to the house. then boarded over the ceiling. but not going back to the original elegant style of the 18th century. when you visit plantations like drayton hall it's important to remember everything we see around us, the landscape, the buildings, the furniture whatever it may be, all these things of the product of the hands and minds of the black people and white people over time. the landscape we see here was here was shaped by african-americans. it was their labor, forced labor as slaves that produced the wealth and the drayton's also played a role because they were the ones who managed all this. we think some periods of time they were 40 to 100 slaves in this area of drayton hall. but to run this house itself, the drayton's head cooks, butler's, stable hands, blacksmiths. they had carpenters. we have gone through the slave lists and identify the names of these individuals. we have tried to highlight those places that are distinctively african american, like the african-american cemetery that dates to the 1790's. we have done careful research to show the area to have been a cemetery. making it the oldest documented african-american cemetery in the nation still in use. descendents of the african-american can any from drayton hall can be interred there. the last person to be interred there was richmond bowens, born in 1980. he died in 1998. he was a remarkable source of oral history for us and that a lot of work in educating people on the cane to drayton hall about this site as he remembered it growing up. parents and the african-american community here used the natural resources around for medicinal purposes. access to medical care was very limited for african-americans in the early 1900's. he referred to the woods around me and said this was our drugstore. >> on catherine braxton. drayton hall was the place where andncestors were enslaved, some that were born here ever free. one of them being my grandfather. >> my name is rebecca campbell. my ancestors were born here. some enslaved, some more free. and the granddaughter of louis johnson senior, and the great-granddaughter of catherine johnson. we believe our great-grandmother, catherine, and i great-grandmother was catherine, they were in charge of the house. when i say in charge of the house, the big house, she was responsible for supervising the kitchens, the laundry, to be sure that the family got their meals and whatnot. she supervised that. that is my understanding. some of the information we have came through richmond bowens. he had a very good memory. he pointed out these things to us. this is the african-american cemetery entry hall. this is where many of our ancestors are very. you may not find or see many headstones, but you will see a slight indentation in the ground that indicates that is a plot. slightlyhe stones are tilted or slightly damaged, but they are here. we are grateful for that because that takes as akin the time so we can see and get the feel of what our ancestors went through here at drayton hall. this was a dedication, as well as a memorial. with the archsed the way it is. of richmondords bowens. "leave them rest." that was the result of a suggestion to beautifying this sacred spot. richmond said he thought it was not necessary to leave those who are buried here. let them rest. you don't need to beautify this area. i agree with that. just anything now, you have a feeling you are in touch with nature, ancestors. is peaceful here. leave them rest is on the arch. those are the words of richmond bolin. -- bowens. it matters to me because it involves my ancestors that left a legacy here at drayton hall. i have learned over time some of the things they have done and have been involved with. it matters to me. and have also matter some matter in some way to others as well. i would like to get that out, and also to encourage others the navy have been involved in similar situations -- that maybe have been involved in similar situations that ancestors are a part of your history. they should be included and it should matter to them as well. this is just an example of what can happen, to be involved and we try to do that. drayton hall allows us to do that. we are involved. i appreciate it greatly. afterwards,ght on new american president and ceo anne-marie slaughter examines global networking in the digital age in her book "the chess book and the web: strategies of connection and a networked world." she is interviewed by denis mcdonough, former white house chief of staff and the obama administration in 2013 to 2016. >> what would strike me as we knew there was a world of states. if you think about north korea or iran or china and russia, that world of state to state relations is still very important. i think of it as a chessboard world. it is the world of how do we beat our adversaries. we think about a move and we try to anticipate what move they are going to make. that world is very important, but equally important is what i call the world of the web. that world of criminal networks, including terrorists, but also arms traffickers and drug traffickers. the world of business which increasingly big network supply chains, global corporations, and the world of nongovernmental organizations. i think of all those actors as web actors, increasingly important actors. but we don't have strategies for how to bring them together. >> watch afterwards, sunday night at 9:00 a.m. eastern on c-span2's book tv. wheret about -- >> this is american history tv on c-span3. we are live at the civil war institute's annual conference hosted by gettysburg college. our final speaker of the day is next. washington and lee university history professor barton myers talks about confederate general robert e. lee. >> if you could just make your way as quickly as possible after this session. we don't have a lot of time. thank you very much. >> thank you, ashley. it is my pleasure to introduce for our final afternoon talk barton myers. barton is an associate professor of history at washington and lee university where he teaches courses on the american civil war, war and society, the u.s. south and public history. his main research emphasis is on a regular warfare, soldiers in atrocities, and political dissent. he has earned his phd at the university of georgia where he studied under john ensco. he published his master's thesis, which is unheard of, entitled "executing daniel bright: grace, loyalty and guerrilla violence and coastal carolina." in receipt the 2009 jewels and francis landry award for the best book in seven studies.