The camp equipment is designed by draftsmen and engineers attached to the camps. The chief aim in design is that of fitness and relation to forest environment. Along and near the south fork of the eel river and the tributaries and in the region traversed by the redwood highway are outstanding beauty spots of stream and valley landscape. Though long established as a popular resort for visitors to h humbolt county, its always needed just the kind of work which was made possible through the inauguration of the ecw plan with its civilian corps workers. It was imperative that the beauty of the area be preserved by extending the boundaries of the original lands comprising the park. Clearing dense undergrowth from the big redwoods for Fire Prevention and freer growth provides lumber for practically any kind of construction job which may be desirable. The conservation corps boys make everything from heavy bridge timbers to park signs. Many of the trails being built have exceptional scenic beauty. They wind for miles over fernclad slopes to reach the mountaintops. Around the corps camp sites, the traffic set up by the new work project using tractors, trucks, and other heavy machinery make constant road work necessary. Increasing the Telephone Communications in these big forest areas is an invaluable conservation measure which the enroll enrollees are contributing. Timber fires dont have near the chance they did some months ago. Here are some of the most impressive and earliest known groups of big sequoias. The river, one of the most beautiful of the many California Mountain streams flows near the groves. In forests where necessary thinning provides the poles, the expansion of telephone and telegraph systems is not difficult. Miles of firlings are being cut. Trenching the mountains in Riverside County constitute an outlying and southern representation of the characteristics of the sierras. Here are more than 50 square miles of beautiful wilderness, virgin timber and rugged mountains. One towering peak that rises well over two miles. The summit of the range affords an impressive view of the country for hundreds of miles around. From hidden lake, one can see the desert so weirdly and mysteriously balanced on the very edge of this amazingly fertile california. In recent years the world over there seems to have been an awakening to the joy of a more rugged night outdoors. Men, women, and children are trafrping the countryside. Not merely riding through it in comfortable convey answers. Packed train trips are more popular than ever before. This is one area where the beauties of nature will never unfold themselves completely to those who think of scenic sightseeing as a job for automobiles. Here there must always be miles of foot trails at the ends of motor roads. One conservation corps camp was established way up in the clouds. Lumber had to be carried up on the backs of horses and burroughs. From the winding trails a traveller can enjoy panoramas of beauty spots, waterfalls, unusual rock formations, and the countless other wonder which nature alone can create. Theres a lot of work to establishing the kind of camp in which more than 200 people can live for an indefinite period, winter and summer, in comfort and with safety to their health. In this Mountain Country the same rocks that made grading difficult have their virtue in providing splendid material for foundations wherever building strength is essential. Building additional trails is a part of the enrollees work here. Some of these trails look like little shelves in the solid rock walls. Culverts and supports are made from granite blocks plotted right on the job. The first call of the day in the conservation corps camps is at the early hour of 6 00 in the morning. No one is ever late for breakfast. His appetite wont let him. Looks like ham and eggs. Luncheon is sometimes served in the field for the boys frequently work many miles from camp, and the camp administrators insist that the workers have hot food three times a day. Dinner or supper, if you prefer the term, is served about 4 30 in the afternoon. Every man his own dish washer. Rubicon point is a scenic area on the shores of lake tahoe, one of the highest and the largest of the sierra lakes. The lake itself, because bodies of water this size are rarely found at such high altitudes, is an outstanding attraction in the Pacific Coast section. Heres an expanse of 193 square miles of cold, Crystal Clear water perched almost a mile and a quarter high in the mountains. Many of the Motion Picture celebrities from Southern California have cottages along its shores. With an easy motoring distance of sacramento, oakland, and san francisco, the Rubicon PointPark Development attracts many visitors. Camp sites, particularly on Rubicon Point proper, with its sandy beach, are popular. The conservation corps boys are doing much of their work in the forests, cutting new trails and establishing additional camp sites. Sometimes they find it necessary are interfering with the development of the park as a whole. One of those not infrequent examples of eroded rock is a point of interest. It is called the balanced rock. Not enough is known of the civiliani iaor conservation of civilians. More than a million young men and war veterans have been participants. Few of them have failed to absorb benefits of even greater value to them and the mere employment and money they have been given. These boys here are being taught many things about tree and plant life, insect pest control and so on which they can apply in later life. Prairie creek in humbolt county is a magnificent redwood park. Rocky ocean shores with here and there stretches of sandy beach add materially to the charm of the region. Think of the peace of the camp like this where trees lift themselves 300 feet from the springy turf with the incense of redwood pine and fir. At Patricks Point forests give way to medals and medals in turn to the sea. One stretch of beach is being clee cleaned of debris to provide kind ocean bathing. Undergrowth is luxuriously deep, and the trail building is being carefully done to preserve it. One of the interesting activities of the boys here is the making of redwood signs to mark trails and places of interest. Unusual talents along widely varied lines have been uncovered among the enrollees. From roads along the tumultuous big sir river there are vistas of churning rapids, lively waterfalls, stately forests, woodfringed meadows and lofty mountain peaks. Just before it plunges into the pacific, the big sir traverses a Beautiful Valley about 250 feet above sea level. 600 acres, including this valley, are comprised in this outstanding state park area variously named from the big sir river, fibers woods, and fibers point, which are in the same vicinity. Mountain streams in the california region are unusually swift and powerful. When they start for their ocean destination from elevations much greater than those which are common along the atlantic seaboard, they move with speed and determination. The distances it traversed are relatively short. Their drop is much more theyre really a part of one great waterfall from the peaks of the sierras to the expansive and powerful pacific. The park is in Monterey County about 30 miles south of carmel with its western boundary about six miles from the junction of the big sir and the pacific ocean. Ots a fine state highway and easily accessible to travellers en route between los angeles and san francisco, the two largest cities in the state. Its scenic features are unusually diversified. Manuel peak and post summit are each about 3,500 feet high. Sycamore and big sir are mountain canyons well worthy of the name. The juan higara creek falls are of exceptional beauty, and there are inspiring groves of redwoods. Generally speaking, Building Construction work done by the conservation corps enrollees is confined to the structure of the program carried out. Baracks and Administration Buildings are usually built for them before they arrive in camp. This garage for their tractors, trucks, and so on, is, however, a conservation corps construction. Much of the trail and road work being done requires nothing more than the good old pick and shovel, but in some instances the most modern of motorized equipment is being used. There are times of the year where a big part of the work is on the river bed easing the flow of water at flood tide. With 200 active Young Americans on hand, good baseball is an almost inevitable result. Miles of babbling brooks, just the sort of place people from the coast cities like so well. Roads and trails will open up new spots frequently requiring retaining walls, culverts, and short bridges. A fortunate circumstance is that sand and gravel are easily available here. Material to keep steam shovels and trucks busy for days. Useful and attractive incense cedar, careful choice of the trees which are already dead, or are being crowded to death is helping not hurting the forest. Cedar is comparatively easy, splitting into good clean rails which have splendid lasting qualiti qualities. The fence you see being erected is near the corps camp. Grasshopper in the beautiful meadows which abound in the park. They are effectively stopped with a diet of poisoned bran. Here are the boys who are doing the job. Answering the bugle or assembly before the days work begins. On moreover, the ancient pile is an outstanding scenic attraction, the old club is being expanded and developed in a manner which will make it attractive and useful to everybody. The conservation corps camp has been established near the site of the old cab reasony Joe Country Club colony. A fine natural beach is being improved for bathing. The old wooden pier is being replaced with a new pier of modern masonry construction. Roads near the beach are being relocated to provide picnic grounds and parking areas that will be the usual outdoor ovens, fresh water outlets, tables and benches. The state Park Commission is interested in a purely conservation measure. The development of a loud fowl refuge. Dikes are being built to shut out the ocean from the low marshland chriscrossed by inlets from the bay. A freshwater supply will be provided for small lakes and lagoons to attract water fowl. Russian goats are itchly clothed with redwoods, rhododendrons, ferns, and salmon berry is another front thats sprouting on the pacific. The shoreline is sharply cut by inlets in which ocean tides lash wildly to create everchanging water spectacles. Conservation corps boys are policing the beach clearing it of ocean wreckage when it comes to from the tides with full enjoyment of the sea water. Deep in the forest theyre modifying natures handy work in accordance with modern civilizati civilization. Roads and trails are being made safe for motor cars. Careful and intelligent work is making many a sluggish book an even more delightful haunt. Fallen timber tangles that constitute an everpresent fire hazard are being removed. Accommodations for picnickers are being provided. Housing of the conservation corps and their equipers called for a considerable amount of construction in the park. The boys at Russian Gulch are found fond of the manly arch and the surprisingly expert boxers have been the regularly organized tournaments which are being held. These lads prove in their every action the value of the basic elements of the conservation corps idea. Worthwhile work outdoors in the fresh air and sunshine, good food, plenty of sleep, and an easy mind. Looks like a real go. A well constructed squared circle, gloves light enough to allow one to feel the sting of a punch, and even the warm bathrobes. A cheering and enthusiastic audien audience. These trophies paid for by the boys themselves will recall some of the happiest days in the lives of these fine Young Americans. [ trumphet playing ] one million unemployed young men and war veterans were enrolled in the civilian conservation corps in the first two years of its existence. Enrollees are taken on a population percentage basis. The personal care is in the hands of the United States army. The countrys most experienced organization for a task of such magnitude. Each state park corps camp is set up according to a carefully organized plan. Skilled workmen from the vicinity of each camp conduct all work that requires supervision and enrollees searching as elders. The base pay is 30 per month, 25 of which is mailed directly to his declared dependents. Everything the enrollee requires is supplied. Clothing, comfortable barracks, good food, doctors are in regular attendance. Direction of this unique and fundamentally sound program to preserve and develop a nations resources by means of a plan that places high value on manpower is in the hands of some of the countrys most important individuals and agencies. Headed by president roosevelt, the man who conceived it and put it into action. Each week american artifacts takes viewers into archives, museums, says and Historic Sites around the country. Next, we visit Fort Mchenry National monument and historic shrine in baltimore to learn about the birth of the starspangled banner. 2014 marks the 200th anniversary of the British Naval bombardment of the fort during 2014 marks the british bombardment of the 12th. It later became our national anthem. The interpretation at the birthplace of stars spangle spanner. During the day we fly the 15 stars of the same style of the national anthem. Keys saw that flag of a unique time of american history, at a time where american moral was really low. The turning point in the war of 1812. Much americans do not know much about the war of 1812, lets explore and why it is important and how it inspired him to write those words that became our national anthem. We are now hearing whats called the gun deck of fort mchenry, we also call it the fort mcbattery. What was this war of 1812 and why did the british come to baltimore . Really the war of 1812 was one of americas most unpopular wars. The clauses were so complex and on one side you can say the United States had a totally good reason to go to war. The british were seizing americans ship and dictating who we could trade with or not trade with and stealing american sealers and forcing them in the british navy. There is a whole question of citizenship that went with that and in the United States we believe that you can come from a foreign country say Great Britain and come here and live for five years and you become a naturalized citizen. The british are trying to fidefd what american citizen is. A lot of americans at that time thought they had something to live up to. They saw that previous generation of the revolutionary wargen realization and the Founding Fathers and the spirit of 76. Something to live up to. Well, this war of 1812 is our second war of independence. Certainly, those who were prowar or the war hawks as they were called use that language to invoke that language of the revolution. They saw the native american issues at the frontier. They call them the savages of the frontier. For issues about national honor, freedom of trade, rights for sailors or free trades and as well as protection for our own frontier. We have to go to war with Great Britain. We try the embargoes of economic sanctions and it did not work. They tried negotiating this. That did not work. The only thing left is declared war of Great Britain on june 18th, 1812, the United States declared war against the british. Let me give you the british side, theyre involved in the war against france. They were liberated and theyre the ones trying to free europe from napoleon. Here, they needed every sailor they could get to man that royal navy. The british were dominated at sea and the french were dominated on land. They had to maintain those sea lanes. There were thousands of sailors trying to jump ships and trying to melt in the american pots. As far as the native american issues on the frontier, well, the United States did not always live up to the agreements that they made with some of the native american nations out there. So the native americans were already angry at the United States, there were some hot headed american states who wanted an excuse to take over british canada and for some, all these other reasons were just an excuse to suck up and invade canada. Even Francis Scott key himself said i will not harm the poor canadi canadia canadians. I dont like what the british are doing but invading canada is wrong. To this day, the war of 1812 is the most navorrrowly declared. Here the United States go in the war of 1812 and divided the home front and urn prepared. A lot of our generals were holders. There was a hope thats taking canada would be easy even the former president , Tomas Jefferson says a mere matter of marching. That was totally wrong. The first battle of the world of 1812 were all american defeats. At the end of the year, yeah, there were american soldiers in canada. They were all prisoners. It was not long before the war of 1812 moved into 1813. Behind me is the river that flow in the chesapeake bay. The british were able to use their large navy to block the east coast of the United States